Kroeber Anthropological
Society Papers
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Nos. 75-76, 1992
Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers
Nos. 75-76, 1992
Special Edition: Culture, Identity, anRd Emipire in the Americas,
1492-1992
Pmface
Rebecca Dobkins and Matthew C. Gutmann                                 iii
A Lost Latin American Legacy of the First Americans: The Garifuna of Belize
C. L. Macklin                                                           1
"Caballeritos" and Maiz Cabafiita: Colonial Categories and Andean Ethnicity
in the Quincentennial Year
Paul H. Gelles                                                         14
Dimensions of Nationalism in a Venezuelan Possession Cult:
The Crystallization of an Oral Tradition
Francisco Ferrandiz                                                    28
Primordial Cultures and Creativity in the Origins of "Lo Mexicano"
Matthew C. Gutmann                                                     48
500 Years of Invasion: Eco-Colonialism in Indigenous Venezuela
Manuel Lizarralde                                                     62
Representing Repatriation: Exhibiting The Omaha Collection at the Hearst
Museum
Rebecca Db k                                                           80
The Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers
The Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers
Numbers 75 and 76, 1992
? 1992 Kroeber Anthropological Society
Editorial Committee:
Rebecca Dobkins and Matthew C. Gutmann
Production:
Manuel Lizaralde
Format Design:
Margot Winer and Justin R. Hyland
Printed by GRT Printing, Oakland, CA
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Kroeber Anthropological Society
Department of Anthropology
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720
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Preface
Rebecca Dobkins and Matthew C. Gutmann
12 October 1992 marks the quincentennial of Columbus's arrival in what are today
known as the Americas. Contributors to this volume recognize the need to explore and
analyze the consequences of the past 500 years. In addition to sharing a central concern with
sociocultnual anthropology and the western Hemisphere and with issues of culture, identity and
empire brought to the fore by the Columbian Quincentenary, many of the contributions
critique past anthropological categories and assumptions, providing fresh insights into sacred
subjects.
The first five articles in this special issue of the Kroeber Anthropological Society
Papers were presented in shortened form in two panels on "Identity in Latin America 500
Years After the Invasion" at the Southwestern Anthropological Association Meeting, 9-11
April 1992, Berkeley, California. We are delighted to present these timely essays, along with
an additional contibution dealing with Native North America, to a broader audience thgh
the Kroeber Papers.
The first essay by Macklin focuses on one marginalized population in the region, the
Garifuna of Belize, and shows how an analysis of Afro-Indians such as these should be more
central to studies of race, culture, nationality, and language in the region. Gelles next traces
the development of ethnicity in Peru, examining colonial and cultural constructions of
communal and ethnic identities in the highland peasant community of Cabanaconde.
Nationalism in Venezuela and Mexico is a central theme in the papers of Ferrandiz and
Gutmann respectively, the former an examination of the spirit possession cult of Maria
Lionza and the latter an exegesis of writings concerning "lo mexicano." Though the authors
approach the subject of culturl identity quite differently, the influence of recent theoretical
work on culturl identity and hegemonic domination will be evident in each essay. Next,
Lizarralde deals with the workings of eco-colonialism in the control of biodiversity and
rainforest protection among indigenous Venezuelans, exploring how western
environmentalists' perspectives on conservation of tropical areas clash with indigenous views.
In the final article, about the repatriation of Native American cultural materials, Dobkins
explores current issues of representation surrounding the Omaha collection made by Francis La
Flesche for the Hearst Museum in the early twentieth century when Alfred L. Kroeber was
building anthropology at Berkeley.
We would like to thank all the contributors for their patience in meeting our requests
for revisions. We gratefully acknowledge Justin Hyland and Margot Winer for providing us
with a ready-made format program for this issue of the Kroeber Papers, Manuel Lizaralde for
his invaluable skill and tireless efforts in the technical production of this volume, and
Takeyuki Tsuda for his assistance in proofreading and distribution.
Rebecca Dobkins and Matthew C. Gutmann, Department of Anthropology, University of
California, Berkeley, CA 94720