KROEBER ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY PAPERS A. l. KROEBER MEMORIAL NUMBER 25 FALL 1961 BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA l- .0 a 'I 0) '- L. .U. ma I.o T H E KR OE BE R ANT H RO PO LOG ICA L S O C I E T Y P A P E R S Number 25 ALFRED L. KROEBER: A MEMORIAL The Kroeber Anthropologi cal Society Berkeley, California Fall, 1961 1% /4 1?K'u rd THE KROEBER AINTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY PAPERS Number 25 Fall, 1961 ALFRED L. KROEBER: A MEMORIAL Published by the Kroeber Anthropological Society William C. Smith, President; Mary Walpole, Vice President; Sue N. Denman, Secretary; Cynthia Kramer Prince, Treasurer; Zenon Pohorecky, Program Chairman; Richard Roark, Editor; Ann Gibson, Thomas C. Patterson, Assistant Editors. Address all correspondence to: The Kroeber Anthropological Society c/o Department of Anthropology University of California Berkeley 4, California TABLE OF CO:NTENTS Page Shropshire Revisited, by Theodora and A. L. Kroeber. . . . . 1 On Being Critical, by Alex D. Krieger. . . . . . . . . . . . 19 The Innovative Process, by H. G. Barnett . . . . . . . . . . 25 Inferences on the Nature of Olmec Society Based Upon lDta from the La Venta Site, by Robert F. Heizer. . . . 43 The La Venta Olmec Support Area, by Philip Drucker . . . . . 59 The Ecumene as a Civilizational Multiplier System, by Gordon W. Hewes . . . . . . . . i * * . . . . . . . . . 73 The Cultural Significance of Peruvian Textiles: Production, Function, Aesthetics, by A. H. Gayton . . .I.. . ... . . 110 Kinship Terminology and Social Structure, by Ralph L. Beals. . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Museums and Ethnological Research, 1961, by Donald Collier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 American Indian Films, by S. A. Barrett. . . . . . . . . . v 155 Culture Area: Parallel with Typological Homogeneity and Heterogeneity to North American language Families, by C. F. Voegelin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Kroeber and the Indian Claims Commission Cases, by Omer C. Stewart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Mexican Spiritualism, by Isabel Kelly. . . . le . . . . . * l 191 Tlingit Shamanism and Sorcery, by Ronald L. Olson . .l . . . 207 Animals, Climate and Palaeolithic Man, by T. D. McCown . . . 221 v DED I CA TI ON This Volume is affectionately dedicated to the memory of our dear friend and great teacher, Alfred L. Kroeber. The Society which he so graci- ously allowed to bear his name has chosen to publish these essays as a means of saying "thank you," and of paying him our final respects. He died in the fullness of his vigor, still keenly interested in problems of current research, still asking questions more often than answer- ing them. These pages contain no eulogies nor attempts to delimit Alfred L. Kroeber's contributions to anthropology. Rather, this Memorial is composed, for the most part, of articles by professional anthropologists who received their doctorates at the University of California during the years when Pro- fessor Kroeber was active there. Each article contributes, in some way, to human knowledge. We think that A. L. Kroeber would have liked this volume. Richard Roark, Editor vi A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S We -wish to express our sincere thanks to all those whose generous assistance, through all phases of preparation and publication, have made possible this issue of the Papers. In particular, thanks are due to the following persons: Grover Allred The Anthropology Club, University of Arizona William Bascom Ralph Beals Madison Beeler Ruth Boyer Ann Brower Chester Chard Harold Conklin Charmian Crittenden Lloyd Fallers George Foster James Gazaway Clifford Geertz Jane Richardson Hanks Robert Heizer Dell Hymes A. V. Kidder II Sydney Lamb Edwin Loeb Theodore McCown William McKern Iavid Mandelium Robert Murphy Edward Norbeck Pertti Pe lto Howard Phillips Gene Prince John Rowe Hariette Thomsen Sherwood Washburn Natalie Woodbury Richard Woodbury We also gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance given us by the Venner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. Their gener- ous grant has helped make possible the continuing success of our publica- tion. vii SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT Many of the Society's subscribers will be happy to learn that Eduardo Seler's "Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Amerikanischen Sprache und Altertumskunde," long out of print, is again available in a hand- some new edition. It may be ordered from Akademische Druck u- Verlagsanstalt Auerspergasse 12 Graz/Austria viii INFORMATION .FR AUTHOPS The Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers publish articles in the general field of anthropology, including those which it is difficult, for various reasons, to publish elsewhere. In addition to articles of theoretical interest, the Papers will welcome des- criptive studies putting factual Information on record, as well as bibliographies, linguistic texts, vocabularies and historical docu- ments of anthropological interest. The Society welcomes student research papers of high quality. Manuscripts must be typearitten, double spaced, on good quality 8-1/2 x 11 inch paper, and on one side of the page only. 2Endnotes (the Papers do not employ footnotes) and bibliography should be placed on separate sheets. The bibliographic style to be followed is that used in this number of the Papers. Authors will note that the bibliographic style is an extended version of that employed by the American Anthropologist. Authors will receive without charge twenty reprints of their articles. Additional reprints may be ordered at the price of one cent per page. A small extra charge will be made if illustra- tions must be reproduced by photolithography. When notified of the acceptance of their manuscripts, authors will be asked how many additional reprints they desire. Manuscripts should be addressed to: Editor Kroeber Anthropological Society c/o The Department of Anthropology University of California Berkeley h, California ix E D I T OR R' S N O T E Footnotes and bibliographic citations are printed as received. The editors are not responsible for their form, nor for the accuracy of the material therein contained. x