WALTER BUCHANAN CLINE

A EJMOIR

Carleton S. Coon

The first time I mot Walter Cline was at the first lecture of

Anthropologr 1 at Harvard, in Soptember. 1922. Since our names camo noxt
to each other alphabetifally, we were given adjoining soats. Ho was a
t-heshman, taking the course by special permission, sinco it was not

orbdinarily open to first yeor students. Long boforo this he had decided
to dedicato his life to anthropology He told me that he had sailed
across the Pacific as a orew member on a freight ship, and visited
India and the Philippines* Outsido Manila harbor he was polishing
:bhe brass ship's whistle when the officer on the bridge blew it;

ziraculously he escaped injury. He had come to Cambridge from Los

Angeles by sea through the Panama Canal. Dooking at Providonoo, he
Ad arrived at Harvard too early for registration, and had taken a
room in a small hotol in Boattna-

At once he found work washing dishes, but a more interesting job
soon opened to him. Professor Charles Townseud Copeland, the famod

Copey of the English department, wanted a factotum to care for him in
his baohelor rooms in Hollis Hall. I suggested Walter to Copey, who
askeds `Is he thin or fat?" t"He is thin,," I repliode "Thon he will

not do," said Copey, tiall factotums must be fat and merry."  Neverthe-
less he gave Walter a try-out, with great suooess, and the closo roe-
lationship between these two men which then arose lasted through

Walterts undergraduate career, to his profit. Professor Copeland, who
was born in 1860, survived Walter by a singlo month.

Walter Buchanan Cline was born in Los Angoles in 1904, the son of
--orace Buchanan Cline and Mildrod Lee Tarbell Cline. His schooling

began in 1912 in the public schools of Los Angeles; in 1921 he trans-
forred to the Pasadena High School from which he graduated in 1922.

In 1917 he was contirmod in St. Johnts Episcopal 'Church in Los Angele a
In 1921 he took the sea voyage of which he told me, and which is des-
oribod in a more oircumstantial way by his mothers

"During the summer of 1921 Walter joined a group of boys in a

voyage to Calcutta* In return for their passago they performed various
duties. This created an incident which brought about Walterts first
meeting with Dr. Kroeber. Walter had just sottled himself in the

MUsOum of Anthropology at the University of California in Borkeley to

work for the sumer, when he received a lotter from a steamship company
in answer to an application which he had made to them for a summer job,
and which he supposed had long since boon rorgotten. The company's

Granite State would be sailing from San Francisco in a few days, and

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would take him on. What could he do? Yes, he would risk censure.

Ho would sail for Calcutta. Admonition from Dr. Kroeber, reminding
him of his obligation to others, was embarrassing, but Walter was

firm, Dr. Kroeber, however, sent him on his way with good wishes,
Thas began a lifolong admiration and friendship.tt

Mrs. Clinets account continuess

"In the fall of 1922 Walter passed his entrance examincvztions

for Harvard with honor. At the end of his Freshman year he receivcd
Harvard's special award, the Detur, for outstanding work of the year.
Romaining in the first group for the following three years, he was

awarded the Bowditoh,John Harvard, and Henry D. and Jonathan M. Parmontor
scholarships and Wt8 'entitled to the privileges of the Deants List' for
the last six months of his Senior year. During his Sophomore year he
received the Phi Beta Kappa key. His Junior year was spent with the

Cgyptian Staff of the Metropolitan Museum of New York in Deir al.Bahri

in the Theban metropolis. For this he reoeived college credit. Returning
to Harvard he graduated Magna cum Laude in 1926--

-Leaving immediately, he spent the following year in Berlin, Cairo,
and on the Libyan.Desert.  Under the direction of Dr. E. A. Hooton

Walter livod for over throe months in a mud hut in Siwa Oasis, while
he gathered facts about the culture if the Berbers of this oasis.

By theond of the year, Walter was baok at his desk in the Peabody
Museum to continue his research and tutoring until he was formally
appointed resident tutor in Anthropology and Ethnology at the newly
completed Dunster House. Here he remained until 1936, spendingwhis

summers in Europe, Morocco, Syria, Ethiopia, and Arabia as far as the
Hadhramaut, as well as in the A=rican Southwest. On one occassion
he lectured to summer classes at the University of New Mexico, and

to Dr. Leslie Spier's classes at Chaco Canyon. In 1936 he received his
PhD in Anthropology at Harvard.

"In the autumn of 1936 Walter went to the University of Minnesota,

where he organized an African Division of Anthropology, and worked there
for seven years under the direction of Dr. Wilson Wallis. In 1942

the war interrupted his work, and he volunteered to serve the Office
of Strategic Services in Morocco. His familiarity with the country

and its people and his command of the Arabic language especially fitted
him for this work. At the end of the war he returned to Minnesota to
continue his duties, but rgpidly failing health forced him to seek a

warmer climate. He spent two years at San Juan Capistrano and Newport,
California, writing and deep-sea fishing in his boat, tle Shrimp.

t"In 1949 Walter was married to Marjorie Miller of Palm Springs.

That same year he received an assignment to Morocco from the University
Museum -of the University of Pennsylvania. His wife went with him.

At the end of three months work in Morocco Walter found that another
operation was necessary, and they returned to New York, where he was
admitted to the Me3morial HIospital. Soon back on the WMest Coast, he

was happy to become affiliated with the University of California at
:i-os Angeles* He transferred to the University at Berkeley in 1950,

establishing a residence on Shasta Road, where he died on June 10th,
1952 . "

In a letter dated October 16, 1952, Randolph Mohammed Gusus, a life-
long friend of Walter's, wrote from Tangier:  "We are very sorry to hear
about the death of our mutual good friend, Walter Cline. I have passed
this sad news to all of our Moroccan frionds in the French Zone as well

as here, and they have all boen very sorry for him.  They are all sending
ta'asia to all of his friends, family, and rolations. Hajj Abd el-Qader
al-Alj wishes to be remembered to you, and would like to have you pass
his tatazia to Walter's family."

A taazia is a message of consolation, sometimes sent in the concrete
form of a model tomb. Few Americans indeed would receive the ta'azia from
Pea in these troubled times. Walter's quality of kindliness mingled with

gaiety won him friends wherever he went, in all countries and among peoples
of all tongues, colors, and faiths.

This quality is hard to reaoh in the single dimension of writing.

aerhaps it had to do with his suffering. During his first year at Harvard
he had his first operation, and for the next thirty years, as his body was
progressively mutilated, he walked without fear in the shadow of death, by
day and by night, wherever he went.  Being shipwrecked on the Hadhramaut
ooast in a dhow, as he once was, made no difference to him. He could
afford to joke with the Arab sailors as they scrambled over the beach

searching for driftwood with which to build a signal fire. In Addis Ababa
he took a room in an obscure hotel, and there he lived so quietly for
several weeks that the other Americans did not even know he was there.
In Fez, which was his favorite city, he lived with the Arabs as one of

them, and won the unending affection of these polished aristocrats, along
with their confidences. No Amerioan has ever learned to speak Moroccan
Arabic better then he, and his eastern Arabic was also masterly.

No one could tell a story more artistically. In his classroom

leoturing he stood at the top of his profession* A student passing in
the hall could tell which was his class, by the laughter. Always eager

to learn new things, he was impatient at the ordeal of writing, particu-

larly after the loss of his right hand. Yet what he wrote he wrote well.
At the time of his death he was working on an analysis of the social

structure of Fez, and a history of the Egyptian Twelfth Dynasty. In his
earlier years he refused to be bothered by the current academic fashion
of grinding out dozens of puny monographs with long titles, to build
bibliography with an eye to promotion. In his later years he did not
need it. 'What he published was sound stuff, but no indication of the
vast storehouse of knowledge which departed with him.

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In all the world he had not a single enemy, and thousands will join
Gusus,, al-Alj, and me in sending his family, and each other, our ta'azias
at his untimely passing. With the Arabs we can thank God for letting us
have him as long as He did.

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