ETH NOGEOGRAPH IC AND ETHNOSYNONYMIC DATA Ns ro-A X L FROM CALIFORNIA TRIBES C. Hart Merriam PUBUCATION SUPPORTED BY MARY W. HARRIMAN FOUNDATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH FACILITY BERKELEY, CAUFORNIA CONTRIBUTIONS TO NATIVE CALIFORNIA ETHNOLOGY FRCOM THE C. HART MERRIAM COLLECTION Number 2 January, 1977 ETHNOGEOGRAPHIC AND ETHNOSYNONYMIC DATA FROM CENTRAL CALIFORNIA TRIBES C. Hart Merriam Assembled and edited by Robert F. Heizer PUBLICATION SUPPORTED BY THE MARY W. HARRIMAN FOUNDATION Archaeological Research Facility Department of Anthropology University of California Berkeley TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface .c *...................... .6............. * . 0....... *.... i0 1 About the Ethnogeography - Ethnosynonomy Lists Presented Here ....... iii Key to Diacritical Marks .......... .......... ... ... ... . .. .... ... v C. Hart Merriam as Anthropologist, by A. L. Kroeber c ......................... vi Botyah Pomo Villages.. ... *.................................................... 1 Boyah Pomo; Additional Rancherias Given by Barrett ..see......... 3 Northern Pomo . 0 . ... ..o . .. .. .. .. . .. .. 5 Tribe List of Min-ko'-nah Chum'-mi Including Shah-kow'-we Chum'-mi ... 32 Villages of the Kah'-Tah-We Chum'mi . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. o . . . .. . 34 Man'-kah-mo Chum'-mi, Kah'-tah-we Chum'-mi and Min-ko'-nah Chum'-mi (Additional Pomo Villages Given by Barrett) .. .... . 35 Sherwood Valley Pomo Rancherlas ........................................ ..... 38 Me-tom'-mahiRancherlas . . . . . . .O 0 .. . . . . . . . . 41 Kachiah Village Names c * * * * * * * * * ...... o 43 Kahchiah Pomo Tribe List (Including rancherlas and camp sites) ...... 0.45 Tribe List of We-shum' Tat'-tah Pomo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .60 Tribe List of We'-shah' Churm'-mi Pomro .. . . . . .*. . ....... *78 Sho-te-ah or Northeastern Pomo Tribe and Villages .... .... ........ 82 'Ham'-fo Tribe List . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .86 Clear Lake Pomo, Big Valley Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 99 Upper Clear Lgke Tribes and Villages..............102 Han-nah'-bahC Clear Lake Tribes and Villages . ....... ....... .. 107 Tu-le-yo-me Tribe List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Hoo-koo-e-ko Bands and Ranch eisas n ch e ri as.............. . 136 Mewuk Tribes, Bands, and Villages . .. ... ..... .. . . 0.. 0 . . . 141 Nomlakke Tribe and Villages 0 . . . . . . . . . 160 TribeListofKo-peh((Win)... *oeee..eo..o..o............. 165 Villages of the Choo-hel'-mem-sel Tribe .... . . . . ... .. .. . . 187 Dah'-chin-chin'-ne Tribe and Villages . . 0 ................0..... o @ e . 0 0 @ 0. 0 .191 Nos'-se or Yah'-nah Tribe and Villages . . * * * * * * *......... -. -, a.... .... c 2o2 Northern Mewuk Territory and Villages ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 PREFACE Clinton Hart Merriam, who signed his name C. Hart Merriam was a naturalist who spent part of his professional life studying California Indians. He worked assiduously with native informants. For Merriam's background, which was that of a biologist and not an anthropologist, the reader is referred to a following section written by Alfred L. Kroeber, "C. Hart Merriam as Anthropologist." Although Merriam had a formal tie with the Smithsonian Institution which held a bequest known as the E.H. Harriman Fund, he was not a member of the Smithsonian staff. He had, in brief, an institutional connection, but he did not work under the direction of that institution. Merriam worked alone, or more accurately usually with a member of his family, driving around, inquiring about Indians living in the neighborhood and if it could be arranged, sitting down, talking with them, and recording place names, names of tribes and word lists. Judging from a large collection of letters addressed to him by Native Californians, he got along well with these people and became long term friends with many of them. Some informants he visited repeatedly to check and verify or expand information secured earlier. He did all this with the aim of securing as detailed and accurate a record as was possible. Merriam clearly had a special aptitude for finding last survivors of tribes in some out-of-the-way place where they were spinning out their remaining years, and by becoming friendly with them secured many data which would otherwise have not been made a matter of record. Merriam accumulated a very extensive file of data which is varied in its content and emphasis. This collection came, in 1950, to the Department of Anthropology at Berkeley. Merriam did not publish on California Indians very much during his life. For a list of publications on this subject see Merriam 1955:229. Since 1950 not only has a considerable amount of information in the Merriam Collection been published under his name as author, but the Merriam Collection has been consulted by hundreds of scholars looking for photographs, linguistic recordings, ethnogeographic data and ethnological facts. From 1950 to 1974 there was a balance in the E.H. Harriman Fund held by the Smithsonian Institution, and this was utilized to support the costs of extracting data, copying and publishing them under the auspices of the University of California Archaeological Survey (until 1960) or the Archaeological Research Facility (since 1960). The E.H. Harriman Fund of the Smithsonian Institution is now exhausted, and we are pleased to acknowledge a grant from the Mary W. Harriman Foundation, through Govermor W. Averell Harriman and his brother E. Roland Harriman, to select copy and print two volumes of Merriam's ethnogeography-ethnosynonymy lists. These are not for popular reading, but rather are syntheses of published data extracted by Merriam and combined with data recorded by i him. Names collected by Merriam in the field are followed by his initials, CHM. The day is long past when such information can be secured from living persons, and it is therefore being placed on public and more available record in this and the previous volume where they will serve all interested scholars. The data presented here are the very stuff of the Indian occupation of California, and students who continue to analyze and refine what we now know will find these of importance in their work. As editor I have provided only the most minimal guidance to the use of these documents. True scholars will know how to use them, and they will excuse the imperfections of Merriam's linguistic abilities, because of their fundamental value to our knowledge of original information that is now completely a part of the past. We hope to publish additional volumes of similar basic and undigested Merriam data with the conviction that anthropologists in the future will find them useful. ii ABOUT THE ETHNOGEOGRAPHY - ETHNOSYNONOM4Y LISTS PRESENTED HERE Merriam's lists are published here exactly as he recorded them. No changes have been made in conformity with the agreement made with his heirs when the Merriam Collection was accepted by the Department of Anthropology at Berkeley. Merriam's phonetic system can be found at the end of this section. Since this kind of information will be used by persons with some background in the existing literature on California Indians, no attempt has been made to add full citations to his abbreviated refer- ences to published works. Author's name, date of publications, and knowledge of tribe referred to will send researchers to the appro- priate section in G.P. Murdock and T. O'Leary, Ethnographic Bibliography of North America (Human Relations Area Press, New Haven, 1975). References by Merriam to "Handbook" are usually to be read as the F.W. Hodge edited Handbook of North American Indians (1907-1910), rather than the A.L. Kroeber's Handbook of the Indians of California (1925) which is usually indicated by the mention of Kroeber's name. Merriam, as stated, worked alone. His tribes and language stocks number much greater than those identified by Kroeber and Dixon who were practiced in detecting linguistic affiliations between languages which to the uninitiated seemed to be quite different. Merriam who did not profess to be a linguist, took the vocabularies he elicited from informants and made a simple comparison in search of cognates. Languages which a trained linguist would imnediately recognize as related were undetected by him, the result being that he classified California Indian languages into 26 stocks in a summary prepared in 1939 (referred to as No. 1 on the following page), while by 1917 Kroeber and his colleagues had combined the native California languages into 6 stocks. Since that time Modoc (called by Kroeber Lutuamian) has been classified as Penutian, thus reducing the number of stocks or families to 5. Merriam's method of linguistic classifi- cation was no improvement over that of Stephen Powers who did ethnology in the northern two-thirds of the state in the 1870's. The reader interested in all of this can consult Heizer (1966 - cited as No. 2 on the following page) and W. Shipley's article entitled "California" published in Current Trends in Linguistics 10:1046-1078 (Mouton, 1974). The greatest care has been taken to present Merriam's lists exactly as he wrote them. This has been done in order not to intro- duce interpretations, explanations and corrections in the original, a procedure which might cause confusion. In this publication the apostrophe (') should be read as an acute accent ( ) to indicate a stressed syllable. We do not know the years in which these data were recorded, nor in many cases what informants provided the recorded facts. This iii information probably could be secured by consulting Dr. Merriam's Joumals which are on deposit in the Library of Congress, and the manifold natural history and linguistic schedules in Berkeley which do indicate names of informants, locations of interviews and dates. For the identification of tribes, as named by Merriam, the student will need to consult already published references: 1. C. Hart Merriam and Z.M. Talbot, Boundary Descriptions of Califormia Indian Stocks and Tribes. Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, 1974. 2. R.F. Heizer, Languages, Territories and Names of California Indian Tribes. University of California Press, 1966, (see especially list of Merriam's stocks and tribes, pp. 37-47, and map in end pocket). 3. Catalogue of the C. Hart Merriam Collection of Data Concerning California Tribes and Other American Indians. Prepared by Robert F. Heizer with the assistance of Dennis Bailey, Marke Estis and Karen Nissen. Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, 1969 (80 pp.). Several other published works of Merriam will be helpful: 1. C. Hart Merriam. Studies of California Indians. University of California Press, 1955. (See, especially pp. 3-25 on the Wintoon; pp. 43-48, 175-187 on the Tuleyome; pp. 66-70 on the Mewuk.) 2. C. Hart Merriam. Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes. University of California Archaeological Survey Report No. 68, Parts I, II, III. Berkeley, 1966 (448 pp.). (See, especially, Part II:257-281 on the Wintoon; Part II:282-304 on the Pomo; Part I:15-17 for map and list of Pomo tribelets; Part III:323-370 on the Mewuk tribes of the Sierra Nevadas.) iv KE:Y TO DIACRITICAL MARKS HE ALPHABET My vocabularies are written, so far as possible, in simple phonetic English. The words are divided into syllables separated by hyphens The accented syllable is marked with the acute accent (9. s. Sounds that have a fixed and definite value in English, like our words pin, pe& hat, not, and so on, are pronounced exacdy as in English. In such syllables diacritical marks are unnecessary and as a rule are omitted. i. Sounds represented in English by a double consonant, or by a sylable the pronunciation of which is not phonetic, are always speled phonetically. Thus the sounds represented by our words all and who are written awl and hoo. 3. Unmarked vowels, except in syllables having a fixed value like those mentioned in section i, have the usual long or pure sound given them in the English alphabet. 4. An unmarked vowel standing alone (as a syllable or word) always takes its long or pure alpha. betic sound. KxY To VowzL SOUNDs, DIACaRCAL MAs, AND SOON asin acon, date, late, mane. as in fat, bat, hat, have, man. ah a in far, father, what. aw as in awl, awful. e (or e unmarked) as in eject, eternal, meat. as in end, met, net, check, peg, pen, her. I (or i unmarked) as in ice, iron, pine, file. as in it, ill, pin, fin, fit, pick, admit. O (or o unmarked) as in note. poke. 6 as in not, pot, odd, frog. 00 as in ooze, spoon. oi as in oil, boil, join. ow as in how, plow, out. u (or U unmarked) as in mule, mute, acute. If the u sound forms a syllable by itself, it is com- monly spelled yu, pronounced you. u as in tub, mud, us. ei for a somewhat uncertain or obscure vowel sound, as in but and sun, known as the 'neutral vowel.' Prolonged vowels are indicated by doubling the letter (as aa, ee, &C.) Prolonged or trilled consonants are indicated by a double acute accent ('9. The consonants, except c, g, and q, have their ordinary Englibh values, c and g having in English both hard and soft sounds, require special treatment, q is not used. The q sound occurs only before U, and is better represented by kw (kwen instead of queen). c is never used except before h, as in chin, chum, chap, church. It is commonly preceded by t to render the pronounciation more correct. Hence the usual combination is tch, as in haich. g is always hard, as in get, give, grnd. iis always soft, as in jet, jam, jelly, judge. k has its usual value, as in kill, keep, king. It is also used instead of c for the hard sound of c in our words cat, cow, come, cold, cream, clinic, and the like. s has its usual sound, as in see, sink, soft, &c, and is also used instead of c for the soft sound of c in our words cent, cinder, mice. '(super) has the soft sound as in german ach, bich, 8c. (In MS written s). (super) is nasalized, and follows a nasalized vowel, as o. (In MS written ). An apostrophe (') after a vowel followed by another letter gives the long sound to the vowel, and may also indicate an omitted or silent letter. An apostrophe (') at either end of a syllable calls for an exploded sound. An exclamation (!) after a letter indicates that the letter is stressed. * This statement reproduces the first page of Dr. Merriam's printed vocabulary forms. Dr. Merriam's views on phonetic transcription are outlined in his paper, The Clasrification and Diatribution of the Pit River Indians of California, Smithsonian Misc. Colls., Vol. 78, No. 3 (Publ. 2784), 1926.-Ed. v C. HART MERRIAM AS ANTHROPOLOGIST* by A.L. KROEBER C. Hart Merriam was one of the great naturalists of his generation. It is because of his intense drive as a naturalist that he undertook the geographic, ethnological, and linguistic studies of the surviving California Indians of which a part constitutes this book. For the first half of his adult life, from 1876 to 1910, Dr. Merriam would have been unhesitatingly classified by all who knew him as a biologist. From 1910 to 1942 the greater part of his time was spent in the study of historic and living Indians of California, and he was thus de facto an anthropologist. In fact, during at least the latter part of this second period he changed his nominal adherence from the section of biology to the sub-section of anthropology in the National Academy of Sciences. Nevertheless, the same points of view and similar motivations and methods characterized his work in the two halves of his life. Dr. Merriam was born in northern New York state in 1855. At the age of seventeen he went with a government exploring expedition to the Yellowstone region and at the age of eighteen published a fifty-page report on the mammals and birds encountered there. Subsequently he studied medicine and practiced actively for several years but never laid aside his preoccupation with living animals. He was only twenty-two when he reviewed the birds of Connecticut and their habits in a publication of the Academy of Arts and Sciences of that state. He was twenty-seven when the first volume of his great Mammals of the Adirondack Region began to appear. A year later he helped found the American Ornithologists' Union and became its secretary and probably most active member. At the age of thirty Merriam gave up the practice of medicine to join a section of the government's Department of Agriculture. This section was gradually expanded and became famous at the Biological Survey, of which he was Director. *Reprinted from C. Hart Merriam. Studies of California Indians. University of California Press, 1955 (pp. vii-xiv). vi From the beginning the Biological Survey specialized in mapping the geographical distribution of animals with a view to ascertaining the natural faunal areas or life zones of North America. In 1892, Merriam for the first time formally outlined the life zones of the continent, with increasing emphasis on the mammals. In 1899 E.H. Harriman, the railroad financier, asked Merriam to organize and direct an Alaskan expedition to accompany him on a vacation during the summer of that year. Merriam also edited the series of volumes that resulted from this many-membered expedition. More important, a personal friendship resulted which led in 1910-to Mrs. Harriman's establishing a trust to be administered by the Smithsonian Institution to provide Merriam with lifetime living and support for research of his own choosing. At the age of fifty-five accordingly, he resigned his government position, wholly relieved of economic cares, and free to follow his own interests in the work he was henceforth to do. It was then that he formally switched from subhuman mammals to California Indians. Not that the change was abrupt. In following the intricacies of the life zones of birds, mammals, and plants in California, he had increasingly come across remnants of the aborigines, mostly tucked away in remote spots off from highways. In 1903 he had published his first ethnological paper, one dealing with basket materials, and in the years that followed until 1910, he had issued eight more such publications, including a book of tales called The Dawn of the World. Nor did he ever abandon biology. As late as 1918 he published his monumental review of the bears of North America. And his very last-two papers dealt with Roosevelt as a naturalist and with ocean-dwelling seals. But, as time passed, more and more of Merriam's wiorking time as an explorer and field student was devoted to his Indian friends. He took to living half the year in the wooded country at the rear foot of Mount Tamalpais whose front looks from across the bay down on San Francisco. From there he sallied forth, first on horseback and with wagon, later by automobile, hunting up and interviewing and pumping Indians who were still lingering on in the most out-of-the-way spots of the length and breath of California. While the subject matter of Merriam's studies shifted from animals to men in the second half of his career, he brought the same interests, attitudes, and approaches to bear. In each case the distribution of the phenomena dealt with was in the forefront of his attention. His attack merely swung from questions of the precise ranges occupied by species and sub-species to the problems of the exact location of aboriginal human languages, tribes, villages, beliefs and customs. Merriam's definitions of distributions were precise and particularistic, never sketchy. The finest detail of fact seemed worth recording in the interest of accuracy. What he valued was the primary and original data as he secured them in the field: classifi- cation and generalization would come later. vii As a biologist, the main classification he made was into the life zones already mentioned. Positing of causes was something he scarcely attempted--except for asserting cumulative temperature as the principal determining factor of life zones. Similarly in his ethnology Merriam went as far as to accept and validate the classification of villages into tribes, of tribes into speech families. He did not try to push beyond the family into superstocks or orders, but aimed rather at precision of geographic occurrence of tribes, subtribes, and on down to villages and settlements. This was entirely parallel to his being what used to be called a "splitter" and not a "lumper" in regard to recognition of animal species--as evident in his famous discussion in Science with President Theodore Roosevelt about coyotes and bears. So with his Indians: he cut his data probably finer than did almost any of the anthropologists; he declined to deal with the principles and general factors that lay beyond the primary organization of the data. As in his biology he wanted to know everything about the marnmals and birds of America, but was not concerned with those of other continents, let alone the world as a whole--so in ethnology he restricted himself to the Indians of California and the nearer parts of Nevada and other adjacent states. In regard to both bodies of material, then, it is evident that Merriam practiced "natural history" rather than "natural science". In some respects his work was comparable to that of a philologist studying a particular language, or a group of related languages, rather than to that of the theoretical linguist. He had the same value for factual accuracy even in minutiae. His work was empirical, basic, and oriented toward attainment of precision and completeness. Yet in some respects his ethnological work did differ from his biological. He was now working alone, instead of with a corps of associates and assistants as in the days of the Biological Survey. This may have been due to his having become an unhampered free lance; and again it may have had something to do with the restriction of his ethnology to Califoria, whereas his biology ranged over North America. Perhaps the continent was too large for him to cope with singlehanded. Another reason may also have been of some influence. Over most of the United States and Canada the Indians tend to live on reservations that represent only shrunken fragments of their aboriginal habitat. Sometimes they have even been moved far from their original centers. In California, however, the Indians, where they survive at all, mostly dwell today where their great-grandfathers did; or if they have retreated, it is usually only a few miles. They have there- fore kept contact and familiarity with their old sod. Their distri- bution is essentially the "native" or wild one--as in the case of nondomesticated animals. Califoria thus lent itself much more advan- tageously to precise distribution studies of its Indians than any other part of our country. This fact may have tended to influence Merriam in concentrating his human studies in California. For decades he spent five to six months each year actually traversing the countryside, interviewing aged Indians and writing viii down voluminous records of what they were still able to tell him. For while the Indians might live where their ancestors had, they were no longer following the old customs, but were living as best they might as modern Americans--mostly very poverty-stricken Americans at that. The task thus was one in the main of searching their memories. This Merriam did with a patience, tact, and sympathy which elicited cooperation from his informants. To this I can testify from having spoken to many of them with whom Merriam had worked, who always remembered him with affection and approval. In the course of his many years of this field work, Merriam also read all that had been written on the California Indians and copied and extracted from it voluminously--even to assembling news- paper clippings and personal letters. All this material survives in the vast collection which he left. The core of it, however, consists of his own recordings from the lips of Indians; and what he published during his lifetime is based almost wholly thereon. Much the same proportion of source holds for the essays which constitute this volume. True, the "synonomies" of tribal and place names are of course from previously published work. Also based on the literature are discussions of the appropriateness or correctness of certain names like Piute, Beneme, Mono. And again based on records are the Tcholovone vocabulary and the baptismal records from the California missions--the last doubly valuable because the originals from which Merriam's copies were made have since in part been lost. Yet the great majority of papers printed here rest flatly and completely on Merriam's own recordings and observations. Perhaps because in his ethnology he worked singlehanded; perhaps for other reasons, such as that an adequate vocabulary is necessarily longer than the description of a species; or that a list of all place names known to a tribe in their territory is more voluminous than a delin- eation of their geographical range--at any rate Merriam published during his own lifetime only a small fraction of all the Indian material he had gathered. Indeed, though nearly half of his profess- ional career was primarily devoted to Indians, he published only twenty-nine papers, articles, and books on them, as against five hundred biological ones. Even during the years when his interest in Indians was most active, 1911-1930, his bibliography shows only twenty titles in ethnology as against sixty in biology. His biolog- ical work in the period was evidently still traveling on momentum from the past; whereas the time-consuming preparation of ethnological manuscript was slow in getting under way. By far the greater mass of Merriam's data on Indians thus has actually never seen the light of publicity. Even the present volume does not too seriously diminish the bulk of what remains unpublished. In fact, what this volume represents is a sort of skimming of the cream, a putting together of those scattered portions of his data which Merriam left most nearly in finished form ready for publication. ix The much larger but less organized remainder of his original data will no doubt continue to be drawn on for generations as a rich mine of information on the California Indians. Merriam stipulated that, whoever it might be that published any of his collected Indian data posthumously, should reproduce him exactly, without alteration, either of his statements or of the form in which he wrote native names. Both stipulations have been observed in this volume and will be maintained in any future ones. As regards substance, the proviso obviously is only one of fairness. One does not use another man's laboriously accumulated but unpublished information as grist for one's own mill, as material for one's own views. Scientific-as well as moral responsibility are at one in this matter. What Merriam wrote, we, the selectors and editors, have left exactly as he wrote it. Anything added to clarify statements or supply relevance or context has been put into square brackets or otherwise indicated to be clearly distin- guishable. As regards orthography, Merriam held all his life that the "scientific spelling" of anthropologists was a technical mannerism and an unnecessary one. He employed the "common" usage of Webster's Dictionary. It is hard not to have sympathy with this or any view slanted away from pedantic technicalities. It can be said fairly enough that an artificial orthography is in a sense a necessary evil even though it be more accurate--more unambigious. Anthropologists did not come to write native words with the special characters which they have successively employed merely in order to parade arcana of learning before the world. They used them because they felt they had to use them, if they wished to be as clear as possible to other scientists. As a matter of fact, the way they were writing Indian words when Merriam entered the field was in a system different from that used when the Bureau of Ethnology was first established in Washington in 1879; and it has in turn been considerably modified since then under the influence of the pure linguists. Merriam's position corresponded somewhat to that of a hypothe- tical anthropologist entering the biological field and insisting on never calling a coyote Canis latrans, even in professional journals. If such a hypothetical newcomer to biology brought new information on coyotes, his papers would no doubt be printed, though his insistence would be considered a mannerism. After all, the Latin- ified binomial nomenclature with its rigid and often embarrassing rules of strict priority, its perpetual preservation of typograph- ical errors, its decapitalization of proper names like Washington or Virginia, and other literary barbarisms, has been gradually and in the main reluctantly accepted as. a needed instrument by biologists --not as an ornament, flourish, luxury of ostentation, or trademark. x And their verdict has been accepted by nonbiological scientists. Similarly as regards the recording of the sounds of words in new or exotic languages: the tendency of general science to let profess- ional linguists decide how these sounds are best represented in international and scientific writing. So Merriam stood proud and pretty much alone in his adherence to the "common English' ways of writing non-English words; but one can respect the courage and integrity of his aesthetic or temperamental resistance to the majority. Also, it is to be remembered that Merriam did not set out to do linguistics, did not profess to, and obviously would not have known how. He remained a natural historian recording the distri- bution of words as a means to ascertaining the precise distribution of dialects, languages, tribes, families, and their beliefs and customs--as earlier he had recorded the distribution of song sparrows and grizzly bears and yellow pines, of species and subspecies of Canis latrans, in order to delimit life zones. What was at stake was not phonetic or phonemic accuracy as the basis for elucidating grammars--which Merriam never dreamed of doing--but an identification of words. Was the name for house, or for, say, jackrabbit, the same here and in the native village ten miles away, or was it similar, or drastically different? For this purpose, Merriam's nontechnical means definitely sufficed. As a matter of fact, when simon-pure linguists come to utilize his data for comparative or historical purposes they will almost certainly prefer them in his "everyday English" orthography than if he had tried to write as an imitation linguist. As it is, they will know they have his own original forms. And if they are like the linguists of today, they will themselves transpose his spellings into whatever orthography they will then be using, rather than have to guess, from rewritings orthographically "normalized" or "standard- ized" by, say, Heizer or myself, what in such forms was likely to have been Merriam's and what Heizer's or Kroeber's idea of what Merriam heard. So we, his editors, approve of the rule of unalter- ability which he laid down, and approve it cheerfully. While the twenty articles in this book represent not so much what Merriam considered most important in his own work, but what he had happened to have put together most completely, I should like to point out some of his contributions that seem likely to be valued and used most by anthropologists, historians, and those interested in Indians. There are, for instance, detailed eyewitness accounts of native rituals attended by Merriam, such as the Wintun Big-head, the Pomo Sahte, the Mewuk Mourning Cry, the Autumn Ceremony in Yosemite; or, where the rite had long since been abandoned, like the Kotomut at Tejon, Merriam recorded its description by a surviving native witness and participant. This last account is a genuine xi treasure recovered, to rank with the accounts of southern California religion by Boscana and Reid. The Sahte record somewhat parallels Barrett's Patwin-Wintun Hesi in both being revivalist versions of parts of ancient aboriginal cult systems. The Big-head is touched on also by Cora Du Bois in her Ghost Dance volume. Mourning Cries are held over much of California; Merriam's is perhaps the fullest description extant. Of unusual and permanent value are Merriam's photographs of native dwellings and dance houses. This is a uniquely full series, further supplemented by descriptions in other articles, as the one on the Yokiah Pomo. Very typical are the tribal territory studies, as for the Tuleyome, Mono Paiute, Beneme, and under "Distribution" in the notes on "Tribes of Wintoon Stock." These are little monographs of inti- mate landscape utilization and detailed ethnic local history. The pattern for these Merriam had set as early as 1904 with an article in Science on the distribution of tribes in the southern Sierra, and had followed up with detailed studies of the Mewan stock (1907), Yosemite Valley (1917), Pit River tribes (1926), New River Tlohomtahhoi (1930), and Emtimbitch (1930). All of these, like their successors herein, contribute precise information not to be found anywhere else. From the great mass of vocabulary material which Merriam secured from subtribe after subtribe according to a standardized list, and some of which he also subsequently brought together comparatively, we have extracted from this volume only a slight sample: the native words for "tobacco" and "pipe" in 161 California and Nevada dialects. From Merriam's copies of the Baptismal Records kept in the Franciscan Missions we reproduce five sets. These give the native name of the settlement, rancheria, or subtribe to which the converts belonged. They are thus a treasury of local geographical information for those missionized parts of California in which Merriam could not secure the data from the Indians themselves because these had died out before his time or become absorbed in the Mexican population. As these records are dated by years, they also possess direct historical value. They make possible the tracing out of the year- by-year spread of each mission's influence and tributary territory. Finally, there is a wide array of most diverse themes treated either in short separate topical articles or in sections of tribal ones. Such as native hats; Indians as basket collectors; wild tobacco; native doctors; great Wintun chiefs; acorn cooking; battles and massacres. They illustrate the range of Merriam's interest and activity. xii 1 BO'-YAH PCMO VILLAGFS The Bo'-yah or Coast Pomo, held the coast country from the mouth of Gualala River north to the ridge on the north side of Navarro River. Following are their villages, according to Stephen Parish of Pt. Arena, a member of the tribe (Lept 1922-CHM). (Name forgotten). On ridge just north of mouth of Navarro River (permanent village). Kup'pish ko. Near ocean on what is known as Cuffeys Cove (perman- ent village). The name 'Cuffey's Cove' is a corruption of Kup'-pish ko. Kow'-shah. On top of Greenwood Ridge, about 5 miles back from ocean. (Big permanent village.) Yah'-ko-dah. Summer camp at mouth of Elk Creek. Shah'-dah. Permanent village on coast at place called Miller or Bridgeport Landing. Kah-sha'-lem. Permanent village on Brush Creek about 2 miles from its mouth. Large town. The inhabitants were removed many years ago, by a man named Showmaker, to the old village Cha'-chl between Manchester and Point Arena, where their descendants still live. Shoemaker kept the people as slaves to work his ranch. Pd'Dah'-how. Permanent village on south side of Garcia River a mile or mile and a half above its mouth. Large village. Kah-bim'-mo. Permanent village on Arena Cove, on north side of present landing, and about half a mile from the ocean. We'-chahl. Very large permanent village on north side of mouth of Gualala River. Southernmost rancheria of tribe, the Gualala River separating the Bo'-yah from the Kah-shi'-yah on the south. Cha'-chi. Old permanent village between Manchester and Point Arena, on the Boonville road about 5 or 6 miles back from the ocean and only 4 mile north of Garcia River. Now a Government Reservation and still inhabited by survivors of tribe. Kah-sil'-shah-ko. Acorn camp and winter rancheria on the road from Pt. Arena to Boonville (apparently on west side of divide between Rancheria Creek and Brush Creek and near Mountain View.) 2 Kah-yR'-a-lim. Acorn camp and winter village on upper course of Garcia River (on or near Phelps Ranch).-CHM. 3 BOYAH PCMO; ADDITIONAL RANCHERIAS GIVEN BY BARRETT Bahemyo. Camp on north bank Garcia River on 'Campbell Ranch'. Bo-shah-de-lah-oo. Camp on projecting point at shore line just north of Greenwood; was at south end wagon bridge between Greenwood and Caffeys Cove, 3 mile to the north. Che-do-bah-te. Camp at 'Bridgeport' on coast 2x miles south of mouth of Elk Creek. Dah-mahl-dah-oo. About halfway between Greenwood and Elk Creeks and 2 mile back from ocean. Dja-shaw-me. Just south of cemetery situated -4 mile north-northwest of Point Arena. E-we-yawk-sha. Camp on north bank Garcia River 3 miles up from camp Shaneoosha (indefinite). Kah-dah-lah-oo. Camp in bottom of small gulch just south of store in small town of 'Fish Rock', which is on coast 3* miles northwest of Gualala. Kamli. Camp 4 mile north of Bowens Landing and 13 miles northwest of Gualala. Kah-sah-sahm. Camp in mountains between North Fork Gualala River and Rock Pile Creek and 5 miles east of confluence of North Fork with main Gualala River. Kah-sil-chim-ah-dah. On north bank Alder Creek just east of point where county road crosses creek; just south of 'Luther Redemeyer ranch' house. Kah-wah-chahm. Camp near north bank Garcia River probably 4 miles up from Kiyelem (= Kah-ya-a-lin). Kle-tel. In mountains between Garcia River and headwaters of North Fork Gualala River, probably 3* miles northwest of Lachupda (Bo-ke-ah?). Ko-dah-lah-oo. In hills 3+ miles from ocean and near north bank 'of Brush Creek. Also given as about a mile up the ridge from this place. Shan-e-oo-sha. Camp on north bank Gualala River (Garcia River on Barrett's map) probably 12 or 13 miles up from mouth (indefinite),, 4 She-ho-bo. Camp in mountains a little north of east of mouth of Garcia River and 1 mile west of Mountain View. So-we. Camp near north bank North Fork Gualala River, l+.miles up from confluence with main stream. Tse-ki. Camp on ridge immediately south of North Fork Gualala River, and 2 miles east of its confluence with main stream. 5 NORTHERN PCMO Including: Mah-to'po'-mah (of Sherwood Valley) Buk-kow'-hah'po'-mah (of Upper Outlet Creek) Me-tum'-mah (of Little Lake Valley) Sho'-mul'ro'-mah (of eastern and southeastern Little Lake Valley) Kah-be tsim'-me po'-mah (of Walker Valley) Po'-mo (of Potter Valley) Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah (of the Calpella region) Ki-yow'-bah== (of Blue Lakes, Tule Lake and Batcheler Valley) Mah-too'-go (of Cold Creek) Bul-dam pomo Ahmr'-dah-lah. Given by Barrett as unverified old Pomo village in Potter Valley "just north of See'l" or Cane'l (=Sha-nel). Synonomy: A'mdala (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908). A'mdala (Barrett). See Ahm'-dah-lah. Ba-cow-a and Bacowas (McKee). See Buk-kow'-hah'po-mah. Ba-ha-pah-tah (meaning 'Pepperwood nuts pounding'). Me-tum'-mah name for the principal village of the closely related Sho'-mul po'-mah, situated at the edge of the foothills 2x miles east of Willets.-CHM. Synonomy: Behepata (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Bah-ko'-do. Given by Barrett at head of small canyon , and 1j miles west of it. Geog. Pomo, 151, 1908). as uninhabited modern Pomo village above present Potter Valley Village, Synonomy: Bakodo (Barrett, Ethno- Bakasa (Barrett 1908). See Beh-kah'-sah. Bakail or Bakaiiha (Barrett). See Buk-kow'-hah' chut'-te. Ba-ka-wha (Gibbs). See Buk-kow'-hah' po'-mah. Bak6do (Barrett). See Bah-ko'-do. Ba-kow-a (Gibbs). See Buk-kow'-hah' po'-mah. Bal-lo'Kai Po-mo and Ballo Ki Pomos (Powers). See Pomo. Bal-lo-ki Po-mah. Pomo rancheria at Pomo mill site on east side Potter Valley. -CHM0 6 Bata'ka (Barrett). See So'-Chah. Ba-tem-da-kai-ee. Name obtained in 1851 by Gibbs and McKee for Long Valley, Mendocino Co., and for lack of better name applied also to inhabitants of valley. Now known to be not Pomoan but Athapaskan. See Athapaskan Kah'-to tribe list.-CHM. Included here because referred to Poxo by Bancroft and others. Ba-ten'-kah. Former Mah-soo'-tah ki'-ah rancheria 31 mi. north of Calpella (south of Redwood Valley). Name given me by Stephen Knight and other Yo-ki'-ah Indians.-CHM. Bedah-marek. Given by Gibbs as tribe on East Fork Russian River, north of Clear Lake. Synonomy: Bedah-marek (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109-110, 1853); Bedahmareks (Bancroft, Native Races I, 451, 1874); Bid rek (Handbook I, 146, 1907); Me-dma-rec (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 136-137, 1853); Me-dam-a-rec, Mearec (Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bureau Ethnol., 2, 784, (1899) 1901). Be-hem'-kah-loom (meaning Pepperwood nuts). Me-tm-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah'-to po'-mah rancheria 1+ miles south- west of Sherwood Station.-CHM. Synonomy: Behemkal (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). Behe'pata (Barrett). See Ba-ha-pah-tah. ch Beh-kah'-sah. Ki-yow'-bah== rancheria west of Tule Lake.-CHM. Synonomy: Bakasa (Bah-kah'-sah) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 157 ftnote, Feb. 1908). Be-lo'-ki po'-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for Potter Valley tribe.-CHM. See Po'-mo. Be-tom'-ki po'-mah. Russian River Me-tom-mah tribe (Little Lake Valley). Name used by Potter Valley Pomo.-CHM. See Me-tum'-mah. Betumki (Gibbs). See Me-tum'-mah. Bidamarek. See Bedah-marek. Bi-ke-kah'. Mah'-to po'-mah village in hills north of Sherwood Valley. Given by Barrett as 4 mile north of Billodeaux house, and 14 miles north-northwest of Sherwood station. Synonomy: Bikeka' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). Bi-tah'-dah-nek. Given by Barrett as village on southwest bank Forsythe Creek, 2 miles up from former stage station in Walker Valley (Kah-be-tsim'-me Po'-mah). Synonomy: Bita' danek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908); (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). 7 Bitomkhai (Handbook 1907). See Me-tum'-mah. B5cackt1tci (Barrett 1908). See Bo'-shahm-koo-che. ch Bo'-chah-wel. Ki-yow'-bah== rancheria on west side of Tule Lake, near outlet.-CHM. Synonomy: Bochawel (region seems to have belonged to Mayi) (Kroeber, Hdbk. Inds. Calif., 231, Gen. Index 974, 1925); B7kawel ("Eastern dialect" name) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 157 footnote, Feb. 1908); B5'tcawel (Bo'chah'wel) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 157, Feb. 1908). Bochawel (Kroeber). See Bo'-chah-wel. Boh-Napo-batin. Given by Gibbs as name used by Clear Lake tribes on Russian River. Synonomy: Boh-Napo-batin (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853); Bohnapobatin (Handbook, after Gibbs, I, 158, 1907). B5kawel (Barrett). See Bo'-chah-wel. Bokiah (Ford 1856). See synonomy of Buk-kow'-hah' po'-mah. ch Bo ko-hoo'-la-bah==. Upper Lake Pomo name for Potter Valley Pomo. -CHM. B5maa (Barrett). Village on East Fork Russian River. See Shah- chahm' -kah-oo. Bool-dah or Bool-dam Pomah. See Bul-dam'po'-mah. Boo-tah'-kah' chut'-te (meaning Grizzly Bear water village). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley rancheria 2 miles east of Sherwood station on Charley Underhill's ranch (about 1 mile east of ranch house).-CHM. Synonomy: Butaka (Barrett, Ethbn-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). Bo'-shahm-koo-che. Mah'-to-po-mah village given by Barrett as E mile east-northeast of Sherwood station, near where Sherwood Inn now is. Synonomy: B5camkiltci (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). Bo-shem'-kah. Sho-te'-ah (of Stony Ford) name for Potter Valley Pomo.-CHK. See Pomo. Botcawel (Barrett). See Bo'-chah-wel. Bo'-tel. Given by Barrett as name applied collectively to several Potter Valley Pomo settlements: Shanel village and camps N5-ba-do', Soo'-boo-tche-mal, and Too-lim-ho'. Synonomy: B5tel (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908); Botel or Shanel or Seel (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925). 8 Buk-kow'-hah chut'-te (meaning 'Dam mouth village'). Me-tum'-mah name for rancheria at extreme north end of Little Lake, close to present highway. Belonged to the division called Buk-kow'-hah po'-mah (of upper Outlet Creek).-CHM. Synonomy: Bakaui or Bakaiha (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146 ftnote, 1908). Buk-kow'-hah' po'-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for closely related small Pomoan tribe occupying the upper part of Outlet Creek, beginning about 4 miles north of Willets and extending north- erly to or a little beyond Arnold Station (a little beyond East Creek, now sometimes called Yew Tree Camp).-CHM. Synonomy: Ba-cow-a (McKee, Sen. Doc. 1, 32nd Cong., 1st Sess., Pt. 3, 502, 1851; McKee, in Sen. Doc. 4, Spec. Sess., 146, 184, 1853; McKee in Schoolcraft, III, 634, 1853); Bacowa (McKee in Schoolcraft, VI, 711, 1857); Bacowas (Bancroft, after McKee but credited to Gibbs, Native Races I, 449, 1874); Ba-ka-wha (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 1853); Ba-kow-a (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 1853); Bokiah, tribe or band on Mendocino Reservation in 1856 (H.L. Ford in Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1856, House Doc. 1, 34th Cong. 3d Sess., 808, 1856). (Error for Yokiah?). Bul-dam' po'-mah. Name commonly applied to coast band of Me-to'-mah (not really a definite band) from Ft. Bragg region south to Little 'River. Named for Big River (Bul'-dam).-CHM. See also Kah-le-dim-mo. Synonomy: Bool'-dah (Name used by Pomoan Bo'-yah of Point Arena for this tribe.-CHM.); Bool-dam, Pomo name for Big River, Mendocino Co. (Palmer's Hist. Mendocino County, 168, 1880; information furnished by A.E. Sherwood; Barrett, quoting Sherwood, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 133 ftnote, 1908); Bul'-dam Po'-mo, "Band on the Rio Grande, or Big River" (Powers, Tribes of Calif., p. 155, 1877; Hdbook Am. Indians, after Powers, Pt. I, 170, 1907); Buldam Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 88, 1891); Buldam, A former Pomo village on north bank of Big River east of Mendocino City (Barrett in Hdbook, Pt. I, 170, 1907; Kroeber, Hdbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925); Buldam, old village near Mendocino City, origin- ally 3 mile back from shore-line in edge of redwood forest on ridge just north of Big River, Indians in 1866 moved to sand flat at north end of Big River bridge, where they remained about 2 years, Stewart says not occupied till 1851 (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 133, 1908; Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 194, Sept. 1926); "Bul-dam" (Barrett, quoting Powers and Powell, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 133 ftnote, 1908); Bul-dum' po'-mah, Form of name used by Me-tum'-mah (of Little Lake Valley).-CHM. Bfltaka (Barrett). See Boo-tah'-kah' chut'-te. 9 Buts-ah'-tsa chut'-te (meaning 'Cascara village'). Me-tum'-mah name for their summer seed-gathering camp about a mile west of Willets, and the same distance south of She-o'-kah- lan, on a hillside on the road to Fort Bragg and close to railroad. -CHM. But-te'-ki chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley rancheria on Be-sha ridge about 4 miles due west of Sherwood and about 4 mile below Silvery ranch. There is another rancheria of same name, also of Sherwood tribe.-CHM. Cabadilapo (McKee). See Kah-ba'-de-la chut'-te. Caba'kana (Barrett). See Shah-bah'-kah-nah. Cah-lah-tel Pomas. Unidentified tribe living on Mendocino Reservation in 1864. (May be same as Cam-el-lel.) (Wiley in Report Commr. Ind. Affrs, for 1864, 119, 1865); Cahlahtel (Hdbook, after Wiley, pt. I, p. 185, 1907). Cakokai (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of She-ko-ki. Calpellas (Purdy, Mason). See Kal-pel'-lah po'-mah. Cane'l (Barrett). See Sha-nel'. Canekai (Barrett). See Sha-nel' ka-ah. Canemnka (Barrett). See Shah-nem'-kah. Car-lots-a-po. Given by McKee as name of Matumah tribe in Betumki (Little Lake) Valley; also as name of chief of Naloh tribe in same valley. Synonomy: Car-lots-a-po (McKee in School- craft, III, 634, 1853); Carlotsapo (McKee in Schoolcraft, VI, 711, 1856); Carlotsapos (Bancroft, after McKee, but credited to Gibbs, Native Races, I, 449, 1874). Catcamkat. See Shah-chahm'-kah-oo. Cha-bo'-cha-kah' chut'-te (meaning 'Blue grouse water village). Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria 2 or 3 miles west or northwest of Willets, between Willets and Northwestern Mill (just above Frost's ranch) and about a quarter mile from Po'-kah-chil chut'-te.-CHM. Cha-bo'-tse-yu' chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah'-to po'-mah rancheria less than ` mile from Sherwood Station.-CHM. Synonomy: kab5tsiu (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). Chadela (Keane). See Chedil-na Poma. 10 Chah-dahm or Chah-tahm (Tca'dam or Tcatam, Barrett). (Buldam) village on ridge south of Caspar Creek, 1 mile from shore. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 133, 1908). Chamkawi (Kroeber). See under Shachamkau in synonomy of Shah-chahm' -kah-oo. Cha-nel-kai. See Sha-nel' ka-ah. Cha-net-kai (misprint from Cha-nel-kai, McKee). See Sha-nel' ka-ah. Chauishek (Gibbs). See Chow-e-shak. Chau-te-uh. Given by Gibbs and McKee as band in Little Lake Valley. See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te. Chawteuh (Bancroft, after Gibbs). See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te. Che'-ah-po'-yo chut'-te (from Che'-ah, the Redtail Hawk). Me-tum'-mah name for main rancheria of Sherwood Valley Mah'-to po'-mahl, close by Charley Underhill's house (approximately 1* mile east of Sherwood Station).-CHM. Chebal-na Poma (Ford). See Sha-bal-dan'-no po'-mah. Chedil-na-Poma. Given by Barrett (quoting H.L. Ford) as Mah'-to- po-mah or Me-tum'-mah band formerly near Noyo River. Synonomy: Chedil-na Poma (Ford in Calif. Legislature, Special Connittee on Mendocino War, 15, 1860); Chedil-na- poma (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 132, 1908); Chadela (Keane, in Stanford's Comp., 476, 1878). Che-hul-i-kai (Sherwood). See Choo-hoo'-lah-kah. Chiabel-na-poma (Tobin). See Sha-bal-dan-no po'-mah. See Mah-to-po' -mah. Choam, Choam Chade'la Pomo. See Ch5m'-chah-de-la. Choi-te-u (McKee). See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te. Ch5m'-chah-de-lah. Mah-soo-tah KW'-ah village located by Barrett on mesa just south of Calpella, about 2 miles up main stream of Russian River from confluence of East Fork. Synonomy: Choam (Keane, Stanford's Comp., 476, 1878; Powell, after Keane, Linguistic Families, 87, 1891); Choam Chade'la Pomo (Powers, Overland Mo., IX, 504, Dec. 1872); Choam Cha-di'-la Po'mo, 'Pitch pine people' (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Choam Chadila Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891); Choan Chade'la Pomos (Gatschet, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877); Chomchadila (Handbook, I, 291, 1907); Tc'omtcadila (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 143, 1908). 11 Choo-hoo'-lah-kah. Name used by Me-tum'-mah in speaking of all people north of themselves. (From Choo-hoo'-lah, 'north'). -CHM. Synonomy: Che-hul-i-kai, Indian name of Sherwood Valley (Sherwood in Palmer's Hist. of Mendocino County, 167, 1880; Barrett, after Sherwood, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, footnote, 1908); Choo-hool'-ke (Potter Valley name for coast tribe at or near Fort Bragg).-CHM. Choo-taht'. Po'-mo (Potter Valley Pomo) name for their rancheria on west side of river about middle of valley (easterly of present rancheria).-CHM. Chor-ti-u (McKee). See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te. Chou-e-chuck (McKee). See Chow-e-shak. Chow-e-shak. Given by Gibbs and McKee as tribe in Little Lake Valley (Me-tum'-mah). Synonomy: Chau-i-shek (Gibbs, Smithsonian Colls., 316 & 353; Powers, Tribes of Calif., 492, 1877); Chauishek (Herzog, after Powers, X, 457, 1858); Chawishek; Chou-e-shuck (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 184, 1853); Chow-e-chak (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 146, 1853; Schoolcraft, III, 634, 1853; Barrett, after McKee, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, footnote, 1908); Chowechak (McKee in Schoolcraft, VI, 711, 1857); Chowechaks (Bancroft, after McKee, Native Races, I, 449, 1874); Chow-e-shak (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 434-440, 1853; Ibid, IV, 369, 593, 1854; Ludewig, Aboriginal Languages, 48, 1858; Barrett, after Gibbs, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146 footnote, 1908); Chow-e-chack (McKee, Sen. Doc. 1, 32nd Cong., 1st Sess., Pt. 3, 502, 1851); Choweshak (Latham, Trans. Philolog. Soc., Lond., 77, 1856; Powell, after Latham, Linguistic Families, 87, 1891; Bancroft, Native Races, III, 566, 647-648, 1875; Gatschet, Am. Mag. Hist., I, 162, 1877; Turner, after Gibbs, 212, 239); Choweshaks (Bancroft, after Gibbs and Ludewig, Native Races, I, 447, 1874). Chum'-kah-til (meaning 'Pines on edge of water'). Me-tum'-mah name for their sgmmer camp less than quarter mile north or west? of Willets.-CHM. Cii'ncilmal (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Me-to'-mah chut'-te. Cima'kaui (Barrett). See Shim-ah'-kah-oo. C'y5l. See She-awl' ka'-ah. Co-ba-de-la Pomas (Wiley). See Kah-bl'-de-la chut'-te. C&dakai (Barrett). See Sho'-dah-ki. 12 Cokatcal (Barrett). See Sho'-kah-chahl. Cotsiu or Cotsiyu (Barrett). See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te.. Coyotes. Vernacular name for bands in Coyote Valley, Mendocino County. Cul-pa-lau, Cul-pa-lau pomo. See Kal-pel'-lah po'-mah. Cum-le-bah. Koo'-lan nap'-po name for intrusive band in upper end of Scott Valley, on Deming place, (Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Franicsco, 35, 37, 1881); Referred to KGm-le by (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, Feb. 1908); See Kom-le. Dapicu (Barrett)0 See Da'-pi-shul Po'-mo and Kah-shah'-bid-ah. Da'-pi-shul Po'-mo (meaning 'a cool place'). Given by Powers as Mah-soo'-tah Ka'-ah band in Redwood Canyon. Synonomy: Ca'-pi-shul Po'-mo (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Da'pishul Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891); Dapishul (Handbook, I, 382, 1907); da'piciu, known also as 'katcabida' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144, 1908). De-cho'-lel (Ditc5'lel, Barrett). (Buldam) village X mile west of Pine Grove brewery, 1+ miles south of town of Caspar, (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 133, and map, 1908). Ditco'lel (Barrett 1908). See De-cho'-lel. Djaw'-mo (Djo'ni , Barrett). (Mah-to) camp a little back from abrupt cliff on south bank Pudding Creek, and near ocean shore-line cliff, (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 135, and map, 1908). May be Me-tum-mah, boundary uncertain. Note: Joe Willets, a Matumki Poma of Willets Valley (now dead) told me that there was no such name.-CHM. Djo'mo (Barrett, 1908). See Djaw'-moi. Gaiyeti'l (Barrett). See Ki-ye'-tel chut-te. Hah-Hah-roa -mah-lu-gahl. A Ki-yow-bahch rancheria. See Xaro, Xarolmaluigal, Barrett. See synonomy of Har-raw. Haiyau (Kroeber). See Ki-yow'. ch Har-raw (or Har-rah). Ki-yow'-bah-= rancheria north of Tule Lake. -CHM. Synonomy: Xaro' (Hah-ro'), Xaro'malilgal (Hah-ro'-mah- lu-gahl) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 155, 1908). 13 Ho-doo-doo'-kah-we. Given by Barrett as (Sho-mul' po'-mah) village about 4i miles east-southeast of Willets. Synonomy: H5diidui'kawe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908). Iodudu'dkawe (Barrett). See Ho-doo-doo'-kah-we. chi Hom-chah-te (H3mtcati, Barrett). Old (Ki-yow'-bahi==) village W mile north of Tule Lake. Called "Ko'pbutu in the 'Eastern dialect"', (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, pp. 155-156, Feb. 1908). Homtcati (Barrett). See H5m'-chah-te. Kaa'ika (Barrett). See Kah-i'-kah chut'-te. Kaba'tbad5 (Barrett). See Ko'-be-da. Kabeca'l (Barrett). See Kah'-be-shal chut'-te. Kabe'dano (Barrett). See Kah-ba'-dah-no. Kabe'dile (Barrett). See Kah-ba'-de-la chut'-te. Kabela'l (Barrett). See Kah-bil-ah'l. Kabetsituh (Barrett). See Kah-ba'-tsit-oo. Kabe'yo (Barrett). See Kah-ba'-yo. Kabo'tsiu (Barrett). See Cha-bo'-tse-yu' chut'-te. Kacaida'mal (Barrett). See Kah-shi'-da-mal. Ka-chah' ka-ah. Yo-ki'-ah name for small band in Potter Valley now extinct.-CHM. Synonomy: Katca'bida (village) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908). Kadi'u (Barrett). See Kah-de'-yo chut-te'. Kah-ba'-dah-no. Given by Barrett as (Mah'-to po'-mah) village at Russell ranch house on northeast shore wet-weather lake 2 miles south-southeast of Sherwood Station (given me as place name only.-CHM). Synonomy: Kabe'dano (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). Kah-ba'-de-la chut'-te (meaning 'Middle rock' or 'Between rocks'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah'-to-po'-mah ranch- eria in hills about 4 miles northwest of Sherwood on Be-sh'ar ridge - a long timbered ridge running toward the coast.-CHM. Synonomy: Cabadilapo (McKee, Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 148, 1853); Co-ba-de-la Pomas (Wiley, Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs, for 1864, 119, 1864); Kabe'dile (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). 14 Kah-bah' de-dah' chut-te. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on small creek of same name on coast about 1 mile north of Pudding Creek.-CHM. Kah-baht' be-dah' chut'-te (meaning 'Madrone creek village'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah'-to po'-mah rancheria about 1 mile west of Sherwood station on Kah- la-kow Creek.-CHM. Kah-ba-lah'l. Given by Barrett as (Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah) village on mesa west of main branch Russian River, 3j miles north of Calpella; near Berry Wright ranch house. Synonomy: Kabela'l or Kati'l (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144, 1908). Kah-bal-paw-all chut'-te (meaning 'Rock pool camp'). Me-tum'-mah name for their summer camp about a half mile north of Willets on new highway. Formerly there was a little pool or pot-hole in a big rock there, which was blasted out by the highway. -CHM. Kah-ba't-sit-oo (Kabetsitu, Barrett). Given by Barrett as old (Mah-to po'-mah) camp 100 yards south of Ki-ye-til on coast north of Pudding Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 134, 1908). Kah-ba'-yo. Given by Barrett as (Sho-mul po-mah?) village probably 3f miles northeast of Willits (indefinite). Synonomy: Kabeyo (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908). May belong to Buk-kow-hah. Kah'-be-shal chut'-te (meaning 'Boiling water village'). Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria about a mile south of Willets on Bechtel Ranch, on present highway. Two bands or divisions of the tribe met here, the Kah-shi'-da-mal po'-mah and the Tan'-nah-kom po'-mah.-CHM. Synonomy: Kabecal (Kah-ba'-shahl) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Kah-be tsim'-me po'-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for Pomoan tribe occupying Walker Valley and also the small valley which they call Ko'-be-dah' (meaning 'open hole') a mile or 2 north of Walker Valley.-CHM. (The Yo-ki-ah name for this tribe is Shah-bah' kan-nah Po'-mah, another Me-tum-ki name, Kah-shi'-da-mal Po'-mah.-CHM. Kah-chah'-bid-ah. Given by Barrett as old (Po'-mo) village in extreme south end Potter Valley on east bank of East Fork Russian River. Synonomy: Katca'bida (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908); Barrett also gives (Mah-soo-tah ka'-ah) village of same name, which he says was also called Dah-pe-shoo ('dapicu'), at south foot Redwood mountain, at extreme head of Redwood Valley. The Da'-pi-shul Po'-mo of Powers may be same (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144, 1908). 15 Ktal'-chah-ke. Given by Barrett as old (Kah-be-tsim'-me Po'-mah) village on southwest bank Mill Creek, 2+ miles up from confluence with Forsythe Creek. Synonomy: Ka'tcake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144, 1908). Kah-de'-yo chut-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on coast midway between Noyo River and Fort Bragg.-CHM. Synonomy: Kadlu (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 132, and map, 1908); Kadiu (Kroeber, after Barrett, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925). Kah-i'-kah chut'-te (meaning 'Raven spring village'). 1. Me-tum'- mah name for sumner camp or rancheria about 2+ miles from Willets on road to Sherwood; an old orchard there now. The old village was 200 or 300 yards south of the first house (going from Willets toward Sherwood).-CHR. Synonomy: 2. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah-to' po'-mah summer camp in end of Sherwood Valley, on county road from Willets, about 3 mile from Sherwood Inn. First house on road is on this village site.-CHM. Synonomy: Kaai'ka (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). Kah-ki'-ah (or Kah-ki'-ow). Former Ki-yow'-bahl== rancheria in Batchelor Valley. Told me by She'-kum and Dan-no'-kah. -CHJM. Kah-lahl'-pe-shool. Given by Barrett as old (Po'-mo) village in Potter Valley on "John Mawhinney ranch" about 1 mile south of post office of Pomo. Synonomy: Kala'lpicUl (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908). Kaah-la-kow chut'-te (meaning 'Front of timber camp'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah-to po-mah sumer camp on small flat in edge of timber about 4 mile west of Sherwood station and close to present railroad. Origin of white man's Curleycow Creek name.-CHM. Kiah-la'-sah-mah. Po'-mo (Potter Valley Pomo) name for their rancheria on site of present white man's ranch called Pomo.-CHM. Synonomy: Kalesima, (Kah-la-se-mahl) Kalelsema, (Kahl-la'-sem-ah) or Xalesema (Hah-le'-sem-ah) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 141, 1908). Kah-la-yo chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah-to' po'-mah rancheria on Charley Underhill's ranch about 1+ miles southeast of Sherwood Station.-CHt4. Kah'-le-dim'-moo. Me-tum'-mah name for related tribe on coast at or near Fort Bragg.-CHM. Essentially same as Bod'-dam. Kah'-le dim'-mul chut-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for rancheria at Fort Bragg.-CHM. 16 Kah'-lem. Given by Barrett as old (Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah) camp site just east of "Forks saloon", 1 mile west of confluence of East Fork Russian River with main stream. Synonomy: Ka'lem (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 152, 1908). Kah-li'-le (Kala'ili, Barrett). Old village on "old" Stevens property just northeast of present blacksmith shop in Little River, (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 134, 1908); probably in Buldam division of Me-tur-mah; (Yroeber, after barrett, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). Kah'-mah-do'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Cold spring flat'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on north side Sherwood Valley 1+ mile from station. Louis Bellodeau's house there (now Moody ranch).-CHM. Synonomy: Kamadokai (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pono, 148, 1908). Kah' -nal. Kahl' -tah-we chum' -mi and We' -sha chum' -mi pronunciation forc ha-nal (or Se-nahl') and conmonly applied to Ki-yow'- bah== tribe as a whole.-CHM. Kah-shahm' chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on chaparral flat on Charley Underhill's place about i mile east of Underhill's house and about 2 miles east of Sherwood station. A meeting place. Named for the small leaf red-berry Holly buckthorn (Rhamnus ilicifolia).-CHM. Kah-shi'-da-mal. Me-tum'-mah name for a village of the closely related Sho'-mul' po'-mah situated in the low foothills at the head (south end) of Little Lake Valley.-C'HM. Synonomy: Kacaida'mal (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Kah-shi'-da-mal Po-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for Walker Valley tribe. -CHM. (Other names for Walker Valley being Shah-bah' Kan-nah po'-mah and Kah-be-tsim'-me Po'-mah, which see.) Kah-tah-kahl (Kataka, Barrett). Given by Barrett as (Met-tum'- mah village in Little Lake Valley 1 mile south of Willets. Name not obtained by me. Can it be Chum'-kah-tel? (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Kah-tal' po'-mah. Po'-mo (Potter Valley Pomo) name for tribe at Calpella, whose proper name is Mah-soo'-tah ka-ahl.-CHM. Kaht-se'-yu (meaning 'End of water'). Me-tum'-mah name for their summer camp about 1+ miles south of Willets and about a quarter mile from Bechtel ranch, between Bechtel's and Willets.-CHM. Synonomy: Ko'tsiyi (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). 17 Kah-wah tah-ko chut-te (meaning 'Short spruce village'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on county road close to Tse-yu-ki about 2 miles west from Sherwood station. Present Indian ranch at same place (land bought by Indians).-CHM. Ka'ikitsil (Barrett). See Ki'-kit-sil chut'-te. Kaiyau (Kroeber). See Ki-yow'. Kala'ili (Barrett 1908), Kalaili (Kroeber 1925). See Kah-li'-le. Kala'lpiciul (Barrett). See Kah-lahl-pe-shool. Ka'lem (Barrett). See Kah'-lem. Kale'slma or Kale'lsema (Barrett). See Kah-la-sah-mah. Kal-pel'-lah po'-mah. Metum'-mah name for tribe in Calpella region. "Language hard to understand. People enemies". -CHM. See Mah-soo'-tah Ki' -ah. Synonomy: Calpella (Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets, Land of Sunshine, 442, Dec. 1901; 2d ed., Reprint, 5, 1902; Mason, Directions for Collectors of Indian Basketry, 28, 1902); Cul-pa-lau, Cul-pa-lau pomo, band named after chief (Palmer, Hist. Mendocino Co., 167, 1880); Kalpe'la, Chief's name applied to Redwood Valley Indians (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 143, 1908). Kama'd5kai (Barrett). See Kah'-mah-do'-ki chut'-te. Kataka'l (Barrett). See Kah-tah-kahl'. Katca'bida (Barrett). See Kah-chah'-bid-ah. Ka'tcake (Barrett). See Kah'-chah-ke. Kati'l (Barrett). See Kah-ba-lahl'. Kayau (Loeb). See Ki-yow'. 'Ke-boo-ke-bool. Indian name for Pinoleville, which see. Keliopoma (Handbook). Coast division of Sherwood Pomah; their own name. See Mah'-to po'-mnah. Ki'-kit-sil chut'-te (meaning 'End of Valley'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) village at head of tongue of Sherwood Valley about 2+1 miles northwest from railroad station.-CHM. Synonomy: Ka'ikitsil (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). 18 Ki-ou tribe, Kious. See Ki-yow'. Ki-ye'-tel chut'-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on south bank Pudding Creek on top of bluff 60 feet back of tidewater.-CHM. Barrett puts it 3 mile north of mouth of Pudding Creek. Synonomy: Gaiyeti'l (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 134, 1908). Ki-yow'. Principal village of Ki-yow'-bah-= on Tule Lake, west of Upper Lake.-CHM. Synonomy: "Haiyau or Kaiyau or Shinal" (Kroeber, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 231, 1925); Kaiyau (Haiyau or Shinal) (Kroeber, Hdbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925); Kayau (Loeb, apparently after Kroeber's Kaiyau, Pomo Folkways, p. 368, Sept. 29, 1926); Ki-ou tribe (Palmer's history of Napa & Lake Counties, Calif., Pub. by Slocum, Bowen & Co., San Francisco, pp. 34-35, Lake Co., 1881, written Ki-ous, p. 35); Ki-ou (Barrett, after Slocum, Bowen & Co., Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 129 ftnote, Feb. 1908); Shinal (or Kaiyau or Haiyau) (Kroeber, Hdbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925). ch Ki-yow'-bah==. A Northern Pomoan tribe formerly occupying the valley of Blue Lakes, Tule Lake, and Batchelor Valley; now nearly extinct. Tribe name for themselves. See also Kah'-nal.-CHM. Ko'-be-dah. Given by Barrett as old Walker Valley (Kah'-be-tsim'- me Po'-mah) village on east bank Forsythe Creek. Synonomy: Ko'bida or Kaba'tbado (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144-145, 1908); Kobida (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925). Ko-lah'-ki' (meaning 'Tule flat'). Me-tum'-mah name for summer camp belonging to Sherwood tribe Mah-to'-po'-mah 1 mile above Rose Station (on railroad and county road). On Russell ranch 1 miles south of Sherwood Valley.-CHM. Synonomy: Ku-la' Kai Po'-mo, band in Sherwood Valley (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Kula' Kai Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891); Kuilakai (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908). Kom'-le. Intrusive band and rancheria of more northern Pomo at one time located on site of Ukiah. Said to have quarrelled with Yokiah Pomo several hundred years ago and removed to northern part of Scott Valley. Stephen Knight, a Yokiah Indian, believes that they spoke a language half Yokiah and half Mah-soo'-tah-ki'-ah.-CHM. Synonomy: Cum-le-bah (Palmer, 1881; see main list); Komli (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, pp. 137-138, 158, 1908); Komli (Kroeber, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., pp. 235-236, 1925); Komli (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 207, 234, 280, 1926). 19 K5'pbutiu (Barrett). See Hom'-chah-te. Ko'tsiyu (Barrett). See Kaht-se'-yu. Kula' Kai Po'-mo (Powers). See Ko-lah'-ki'. Little Lakes. Vernacular name for bands in Little Lake or Willets Valley. Mah'-ah-hi'-tum chut'-te (meaning 'Food stick standing village'). Me-tum'-mah name for big summer camp a half mile east of Bechtel's place and 1 or 1* mile southeast of Willets, in the flat of the valley close to the hills on the east side. Several tribes met here to dance and have a good time, coming here for 3 months - from June to the end of August.-CHM. Mah'-chah-tah. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley Mah-to' po'-mah rancheria 1 mile east of Sherwood station. (Said to mean 'Between two hills').-CHM. Synonomy: ma'tcata (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 147, 1908). Mah-mah'-mah-mah-oo (mamnaamaii, Barrett). Old Ki-yow'-bah=h village site on point near north shore of Tule Lake near outlet (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 155, Feb0 1908). Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah. Yo-ki'-ah name for Calpella tribe extending from Redwood Valley about 7 miles north of Calpella, where they were called Redwoods or She-awl' ka-ah (meaning 'forest people'), south to Ackerman Creek. Probably their own name also.-CHM. Called Mah-soot'-pi'-ah by Healdsburg Kah'-tah-we-chum' mi.-CHM. Synonomy: Mah-soo'-ta-ki'-ah; Maj-su-ta-ki-as (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 144, 1853); Mas-su-ta-ka-ya ('18 Calif. Treaties', 1852, Reprint, 4, 57, 59, 1905); Massutakaya (Royce, Ann. Rept. Bur. Ethnol. for 1896-7, Pt. 2, 956, 1899, 1901); Masut (Handbook, I, 818, 1907); Masuit, Masu' or Ciy5l (Mah-shoot, Mah-shoo or She-yol')(Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 144, 1908); Masut or Shiyol (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925); Masu-ta-kaya (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 112, 1853; McKee in Schoolcraft, III, 634, 1853); Ma-su-ta-ke'a (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 112, 1853); Mas-su-ta-ki-ah; Kah-tal' pomah (Potter Valley name).-CHM; Kal-pel'-lah po'-mah (Me-tum'-mah name).-CHM; Calpella (Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets, 2d ed., 5, 1902; Mason, Directions for Collectors of Indian Basketry, 28, 1902); C'y l (see Masut, Barrett, this synonomy); Cul-pa-lau, Cul-pa-lau pomo, band named after Chief (Palmer, Hist. Mendocino Co., 167, 1880); Kalpe'la, chief's name applied to Redwood Valley Indians (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 143, 1908); Shiyol (see Masut, Kroeber, this synonomy). 20 Mah-soot'-pi'-ah. See Mah-soo'-tah-ka'-ah. Mah-to' chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Mah-to' po'-mah rancheria in Sherwood Valley about 2 miles south-southeast of Sherwood station. Said to mean "Rotten ground"t, but Mah-to (or mut-to) means big.-CHM. Synonomy: Mato' (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908; Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 238, 984, 1908). Mah-too'-go. Upper Lake Pomo name for Cold Creek Tribe.-CHM. Tribe on Cold Creek (flowing westerly into E. Fork Russian River), from Mewhinney Creek so,c h to Cow Mt. On the east they adjoin the Ki-yow'-bah==. Both speak Northern Pono dialect - same as Potter Valley Pomo.-CHM. Synonomy: Matuku (Mah-too'-koo). Given by Barrett as village on south bank of Cold Creek, about 1 mile up from confluence with E. Fork Russian River; about 200 yards south of ranch house on Hopper sheep ranch (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908); Sha-nel' ka-ah (Yo-ki'-ah name for Mah-too'-to. The name meaning roundhouse, or 'sweathouse', is also applied to other villages having roundhouses.-CHM.) Mah-to' po'-mah. The most northwesterly of the Pomoan tribes, reaching from Sherwood Valley to the coast, north to Ten- mile River, south to Cleone (some say to Noyo River). On the northeast they occupied Be-sha ridge and Strong Mountain. Apparently part of their boundary was the old Government trail on the ridge between North and South Forks of Ten- mile River.-CHM. Synonomy: Sha-bal' dan-no (Yo-ki'-ah name for Mah'to-po'-mah; also Me-tum'-mah name for western part of Sherwood tribe.-CHM); Chebal-na Poma (Ford in Calif. Legislature, Special Joint Comittee Mendocino War, 15, 1860; Barrett, after Ford, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 132, 1908); Chiabel-na-Poma (Tobin in Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1857, 692, 1857); She-bal-ne Pomas (Wiley in Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1864, 119, 1865); Shebalne Pomos (Powers, Overland Mo., IX, 504, Dec. 1872; Gatschet, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877; Bancroft, after Powers, Native Races, I, 362, 448, 1874; Keane, App. Stanford's Comp., 476, 1878, quoted by Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 87, 1891; Palmer's Hist. Lake and Napa Counties, p. 28 of Lake Co., 1887); She-bal-ne pomo (Palmer in Hist. Mendocino County, 167, 1880); Shewalla- panees (Hutchings Calif. Mag., III, 152, Oct. 1858); Shi-bal- ni Po-mo (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877; Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925); Ku-la Kai Po-mo (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Kula Kai Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891); Keliopoma (Handbook, I, 672, 1907). Mai yi' (Barrett). See Mi-ye'. 21 Maj-su-ta-ki-as (McKee). See Mah-soo'-tah kI' -ah. Mara'mama# (Barrett, 1908). See Mah-mah'-mah-mah-oo. Masuit, masui', or clyol, Masu-ta-kaya, Mas-su-ta-ka-ya. See Mah-soo'-tah--ka'-ah. Ma'tcata (Barrett). See Mlah'-chah-tah. Mato' (Barrett 1908, Kroeber 1925). See Mah-to' chut'-te. Matomey Ki Pomos (Powers). See Me-tum'-mah. Ma-tom-kai (Sherwood). See Me-tum'-mah. Matuku (Barrett). See Mah-too'-yo. Mayi (Kroeber). See Mi-ye'. Me-dama-rec (McKee). See Bedah-marek. Me-to'-man chut'-te. Name applied by Me-tum'-mah to all their villages in Me-tum'-ki or Little Lake Valley. There were 4 important permanent winter villages containing about 600 people.-CHM. Me-tum'-mah. Northern Pomoan tribe inhabiting Little Lake or Willits Valley (their name for which is Me-tum'-ki), and extending westerly to the coast. (Their own name for them- selves).-CHM. Synonomy: Be-tom'-ki po'-mah (Potter Valley name).-CHM; Betumke (McKee in Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes, Vol. III, p. 634, 1853); Betumkes (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races I, 447, 1874); Betumki (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 115, 1853; Barrett, after Gibbs, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146 footnote, 1908); Betur-ki, Bitom-kai or Mtom-kai, Mtom-kai-pomo (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925, see Mtom-kai-pomo Kroeber, this synonomy); Bitomkhai (Handbook, from Kroeber MS 1903, I, 912, 1907); Matomey Ki Pomos (Powers in Overland Mo. IX, 504, 1872; Bancroft, after Powers, Native Races, I, 362,. 448, 1874); Matomey Ki (Keane, App. Stanford's Compend., 476, 1878, quoted by Powell, Linguistic Families, 87, 1891); Ma-tom-kai (Sherwood, in Palmer's Hist. Mendocino Co., 167, 1880); Mi-toam' Kai Po'-mo "Wooded Valley People" (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Mitoam' Kai Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891); Mitomkai Pomo (Handbook, I, 912, 1907; 'Census of 1910, Special. Instructors to Enumerators', p. 7, April 15, 1910); Mitomkai.Poma (Sherman Bulletin, 1923); Mtomkai (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 259, 1908); Mtom-kai-pomo, This name seems to have had native usage as a generic desig- nation of the Little Lake Valley communities (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 984, 1925; See also Betum-ki, Kroeber, this synonomy). 22 Misalahs. Chief's name erroneously used in tribal sense by Bancroft (after McKee but credited to Gibbs and hyphens omitted, Native Races, Vol. I, p. 449, 1874). Different spellings of Chief's name: Mis-a-lah$ Misalah, Miss-a-lay. Miti'tca (Barrett 1908). See Mo-te'-cha. Mi-toam' Kai Po'-mo (Powers). See Me-tum'-mah. Mito'ma or Cii'ncilmal (Me-to'--mah or She-in'-shil-mahl). Given by Barrett as individual village in southwestern part of present town of Willets (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Kroeber says "Mitomra, a site at Willets't (Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). Mitonkai. Name of Little Lake Valley. See Me-turn'-mah. Mi-ye' (Maiyi', Barrett). Old Ki-yow'-bah2= village a short distance north of Scott Creek, where it cuts through divide between Tule Lake and upper Lake Valley; residence of Mr. Sleeper is just west of site. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 155, Feb. 1908). Synonomry: Mayi (Important village, Hdbook Am. Inds., from Kroeber MS 1903, 825, 1907); Mayi (Kroeber, Hdbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925). Mool-hahl' (Muilha'l, Barrett). Uninhabited Hoochnom village in Mah-soo'-tah Ka-ah territory in Redwood Valley on east bank Russian River about 4j miles north of town of Calpella. At times occupied by Pomo (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 151, 260, ftnote 296, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 1908); Mulhol (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 202, 1925). Mo-te'-chah. Given by Barrett as old Po'-mo village near foothills west side Potter Valley at point about 21 miles northwest of Centerville. Synonomy: Motltca, Miti'tca or Mit'tca (Mo-te'-chah, Mu-te'-chah or Me-te'-chah) (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908). Mtom-kai (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Me-tum'-mah. Mulha'l (Barrett 1908); Mulhol (Kroeber 1925). See Mool-hahl'. Muti'tca (Barrett). See Mo-te'-chah. Naboh. Given by Gibbs and McKee as old (Me-tum-mah) village in Little Lake Valley. Synonomy: Naboh (Gibbs, in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 1860); Na-boh (McKee, Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 184, 1853); Na-loh (McKee, Sen. Doc., I, 32nd Cong., 1st Sess., 502, 1852); Nahlohs (Bancroft, after McKee, but credited to Gibbs, Native Races, I, 449, 1874); Nah-toh (McKee, Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 146, 1853)o 23 Mahlohs (Bancroft). See Naboh. Nah-toh (McKee). See Naboh. Na-loh (McKee). See Naboh. Nar'-ko po'-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for small mixed tribe, appar- ently the inhabitants of a single rancheria (called Nar'-ko- po chut'-te) situated on Long Valley Creek, just above the junction of Dutch Henry Creek, on the old road - consequently between Sherwood and Long Valley. The people were called Chah-de-la or 'middle people' and were said to be a mixed tribe consisting of both Sherwood Valley Athapaskans and Round Valley Tah'-to-man.-CHM. Later found to be Yukean Tah-to'-mah and therefore should not be included in this tribelist.-CHM. Niahbella Pomo. Given by Bancroft as band in northwest Mendocino County. Possibly typog. error for cabadela = Kabadela. Synonomy: Niahbella Pomo (Bancroft, after MS map, Native Races I, 449, 1874). No'-bah-d3. Given by Barrett as old (Po'-mo) camp site in Potter Valley on west bank of East Fork Russian River X mile west of old village of Sha-nel'. Synonomy: No'bado (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 152, 1908). No'-be-dah' chut-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on Hare Creek (No'-be-dah') about 3 mile back from coast and east of county road.-CHM. No'-yo chut-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on the beach between Fort Bragg and Noyo (on north side Noyo River 200-300 yards back from tidewater).-CHM. Synonomy: NS'yS (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 134-135, and map, 1908); Noyo (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 213, 896, 1925). Nuk-kon-me (or Nuk-ko'-na-me). Round Valley 'Yuke' name for Pomoan tribes of Willits and Potter Valleys including Tompki Creek.-CHM. Pinoleville. Modern rancheria on Orr Creek about 3-5 miles north of west of Ukiah site, bought by Government and occupied mainly by Indians from Potter Valley.-CHM. Called by Indians 'Ke-boo'-ke-bool'. Poam Pomo (Powers). See Po-mo'-ke-chah'. Po'-dah-no. Given by Barrett as (Kah-be-tsim'-me po'-mah) camp 31 miles west of old stage station in Walker Valley on Forsythe Creek. Synonomy: Po'dan3 (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. PoMo, 152, 1908). 24 Po'-kah-chil' chut'-te (meaning 'Red clay hanger rancheria'). Me-tum'-mah name for their village about 2 miles west of Willets and a quarter mile southwest of Cha-bo'-cha-kah' chut'-te.-CHMI. Pomas (McKee). Band on Russian River. See Synonomy of Po'-mo. Pome Pomos (Powers). See Po'-mo. Pomo. Stock name (Powers 1872; Bancroft, after Powers, 1874; Gatschet 1877; Powell, after Powers, 1891; Kroeber 1911; Dixon 1913). Po'-mo. Old village on east bank Russian River, short distance south of Pomo postoffice in Potter Valley. Potter Valley flour mill stands on site (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908). Po'-mo. Tribe and village in Potter Valley. Their name for themselves, used also by neighboring tribes.-CHM. Synonomy: Ballokai (Handbook, I, 127, 1907); Bal-lo' Kai Po'-mo 'Oat Valley People' (Powers, Overland Monthly, IX, 504, Dec. 1872; Powers, Tribes Calif., 155, 1877); Ballo Kai Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891; Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets, Land of Sunshine, 442, Dec. 1901; Reprint, 5, 1902); Ballo Ki Pomos (Powers, Overland Monthly, VIII, 328, Apr. 1872; ibid. IX, 504, Dec. 1972; Gatschet, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877; Bancroft quoting Powers, Native Races, I, 325 footnote, 448, 18745; Be-loy-kai (name of Potter Valley) (Sherwood in Palmer's Hist. Mendocino Co., 167, 1880); Be-lo'-ki po'-mah (Me-tum'-mah and Yoki'ah name for Po'-mo.-CHM); Bo-shem'-kah (Sho-te'-ah of Stony Ford, name for Po'-mo); Bo ko-hoot-la-bahcih (Upper Lake Pomo name for Potter Valley Po'-mo.-CHM); Poam Pomo (Powers, Inds. Calif., 156, 1877); Pomas (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 144, 1853); Pome Pomos 'Earth People' (Powers, Overland Monthly, IX, 504, Dec. 1872; Bancroft, after Powers, Nat. Races I, 362, 448, 1874; Gatschet, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877); Po-mo (18 Calif., Treaties, 1852, Senate Reprint, 4, 57, 59, 1905; Written Pomo by Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 112, 1853; McKee in Schoolcraft, III, 634, 1853; Potter Valley Indians (Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1872, 377, 1872; Ibid. for 1873, 325, 1874; Ibid. for 1874, 73, 313, 1874; Ibid. for 1876, 14, 1876; Ibid. for 1881, 261, 272, 292, 1881; Ibid. for 1882, 302, 328, 1882; Ibid. for 1883, 226, 1883; Ibid. for 1884, 256, 1884; Ibid. every year to-- Ibid. for 1908, 150, 1909); Potter Valley Pomos (Powers, Overland Mo., IX, 312, Oct. 1872); Salan Pomas (Ford in Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1856, 257, 1857; Barrett, after Ford, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908); Salan Pomo (Handbook, after Ford, II, 415, 1910). 25 Potter Valley Indians. Indians in Valley of same name. See Po'-mo. Potter Valley Pomos (Powers). See Po'-mo. Redwoods or Redwood Indians. See Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah. Salan Pomas (Ford). Likely misprint for Sa'dan. See Po'-mo. Sa-minda, Sa-munda (Gibbs & McKee). See Tsam-m3r'-dah chut'-te. Se'dam (Barrett). See Sed-dam'. Sed-dam'. Po'-mo (Potter Valley Pomo) name for their rancheria on east bank of East Fork Russian River, south of Potter Valley village.-CHM. Synonomy: Serdam (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 141, 1908; Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925). See'l (Barrett). See Sha-nel'. Se-nahl'l Ki-yow'-bah== roundhouse rancheria in Batchelor Valley (northwest of Tulechake); name applied also to the valley by the Ki-yow'-bah== themselves.-CHM. Sha-bal' dan-no. Yo-ki'-ah name for the Mah'-to po'-mah or Sherwood Valley tribe. But the Me-tum'-mah of Little Lake Valley, who adjoin the Sherwood tribe, restrict the name Sha-bal dan'-no po'-mah to a western division or part of the Sherwood tribe, from Sherwood Bald Mountain to the coast. -CHM. Synonomy: See Mah'-to po'-mah. Shachamkau (Kroeber). See synonomy of Shah-chahm-kah-oo. Shah-bah'-kah-nah. Given by Barrett as (Kah'-be-tsim'-me Po'-mah) village at extreme head Forsythe Creek above Walker Valley (Ethno-Geog. Poro, 145, 1908). Synonomy: caba'kana (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908); Shabakana (Kroeber, Hadook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). Shah-bah' kan-nah Po'-mah. Yo-ki'-ah name for Walker Valley tribe. Given me by Stephen Knight and other Yo-ki'-ah Indians.-CHM. (Other names for this tribe being Kah-be tsim-me Po-mah and Kah-shi'-da-mal Po'-mah, which see.) Shah-chahm'-kah-oo. Given by Barrett as Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah village on north bank of East Fork Russian River, 2+ miles up from confluence with main stream, 1/8 mile down stream from former site Cleveland's flour mill. Synonomy: catca'uikau or Tca'mkawi, or Bo'maa (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908); Shachamkau, Chamkawi or Bomaa (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925). 26 Shah-nia'-ki. See cane'kai Barrett in Sha-ne' -ka'-ah synonomy. Shah-nem'-kah. Given by Barrett as (Mah-to' po'-mah) village near west bank Outlet Creek, 2 miles northeast of Sherwood station; probably on north bank Curley Cow Creek. Synonomy: Cane'mka (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). Shanekai (Kroeber). See synonomy of Sha-nel' ka'-ah. Sha-ne'-kal-le chut'-te (meaning 'Roundhouse tree village'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley rancheria about 212 miles east of Sherwood and 1+ mile from Outlet Creek (between Outlet Creek and Underhill ranch).-CHM. Sha-nel'. Po'-mo (Potter Valley Pomo) name for their rancheria north of Potter Valley village, near present Power House (south of it) on Gus Bush's place.-CHM. (Not to be confused with village of same name near Hopland, belonging to Sho-ko-ah Pomo.) Synonomy: Cane'l or See'l (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 141, 142, 152, 1908); Canel "the center of Potter Valley" (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 210, also pp. 243, 244, 1926); Shanel or Seel or Botel (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). Sha-nel' ka'-ah. Yo-ki'-ah name for small tribe (Mah-too-go) on Cold Creek (between Potter Valley and Clear Lake).-CHM. (Cold Creek possibly confused wiLth Tule Lake.)-CHM. Synonomy: Canse'kai, pronounced Shah-na'-ki, village about 6 miles east of Centerville (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 143, 1908); Cha-nel-kai ('18 Calif. Treaties' (1852), Reprint pp. 4, 53, 56, 1905); Chanelkai (Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Ethnol. for 1896-1897, Pt. 2, 952, 1899, 1901); Cha-net-kai, misprint for Cha-nel-kai (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 136-137, 1853); Shanekai (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925); Shanel-kaya (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109-110, 112, 1853); Shanelkayas (Bancroft, Native Races, I, 451, 1874); Shnalkeya (Handbook, from Hudson MS 1906, II, 553, 1910). Shanel-kaya (Gibbs). See Sha-nel' kii-ah. Shanelpoma. Handbook, 2, 526, 1910 (from J.W. Hudson). She-awl' ka'-ah. Yo-ki'-ah name for Redwood Valley tribe. Branch or band of Calpella Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah.-CHM. Synonomy: CXyol, pronounced She-yol', village on north bank Akerman Creek at confluence with Russian River, or on east bank Russian River on Howard Ranch almost opposite site described (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 151, 1908); Shiyol or Masut (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 230, 1925). Shebalne Pomo (Powers). See Mah-to' po'-mah. 27 She-ko'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Willow flat village'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to'-po'-mah) rancheria about 6 miles south of Sherwood on county road, near Rowes station. -CHM. Synonomy: Cako'kai, pronounced Shah-ko'-ki, 3-1/3 miles southeast of Sherwood (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908). She-o'-kah-lan' chut'-te (meaning 'Side-hill village'). Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria about a mile west of Willets.-CHM. Shewallapanees (Hutchings Calif. Mag.). Given as tribe in or near Sherwood Valley. See Mah-to' po'-mah. Shibalni-pomo. Village community 'tseems to include the people of Mato and Kulakai" (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 990, 1925). Shi-bal'-ni Po'-mo. See Mah-to' po'-mah. Shim-ah'-kah-oo. Given by Barrett as (Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah) village at east end of bridge across main branch Russian River, short distance up from confluence with East Fork. Synonomy: Cima'kaui or Cima'kawl (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908). Shinal (or Kaiyau or Haiyau). Kroeber, Hdbook, Inds. Calif., 231, 1925. See Ki-yow'. Shiyol or Masut (Kroeber). See synonomy of Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah and of She-awl' ka'-ah. Shnalkeya (Handbook). See Sha-nel' ka-ah. Shodakhai Pomo (Handbook). See Sho'-do Kai Po'-mo. Sho'-do Kai Po'-mo. Given by Powers as (Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah) band in Coyote Valley 4 miles northeast of Ukiah. Synonomy: Co'dakai, pronounced Sho'-dah-ki, village in southwestern end Coyote Valley (Barrett, 151, 260, 1908); Shodakai (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 231, 1925); Shodakhai Pomo ('East Valley People') (Handbook, II, 553, 1910); Sho'-do Kai Po'-mo (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 155, 1877); Sho'do Kai' Pomo (Powell, Linguistic Families, 89, 1891). Shokadjal (Kroeber). See synonomy of Sho'-kah-chahl. Sho'-kah-chahl. Given by Barrett as (Mah-soo'-tah ka'-ah) village near south bank Hensley Creek 3 mile west of confluence with Russian River. Synonomy: Co'katcal (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908); Shokadjal (Kroeber,. Handbook Inds. Calif., 232, 1925)o 28 Sho'-mul po'-mah. Me-tum'-mah name for tribe or subtribe occupying the eastern and southeastern parts of Little Lake Valley from a little east of the town of Willets easterly to Tomki Creek, and south to the territory of the Walker Valley tribe.-COHM. Shor-te-u (McKee). See Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te. Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te (meaning 'East end village'). Me-tum'-mah name for rancheria of the closely related Sho'-mul' po'-mah, about 2 miles east of Willets.-CHM. Synonomy: Chau-te-uh, band in Little Lake Valley (Gibbs, in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 1860); Chawteuh, Bakowo (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races, I, 448, 1874); Choi-te-eu (McKee in Schoolcraft, III, 634, 1853); Choiteeu (Bancroft, after McKee but credited to Gibbs, Native Races, I, 449, 1874); Choi-te-u (McKee in Rept. Commr. Indian Affairs for 1851, 240, 1851); Choiteu (McKee in Schoolcraft, VI, 711, 1857); Chor-ti-u (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 184, 1853); Cotsiu or Cotsiyu, pronounced Sho'-tse-yu, (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908); Shor-te-u (McKee in Sen. Doc. 4, Special Sess., 146, 1853); Shotsiu (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif. 230, 1925). So'-chah. Given by Barrett as old (Po'-mo) village in foothills on western side of Potter Valley, near its northern extremity; short distance northwest of Tsimpal. Synonomy: Sc'tca or Bata'ka, may have been different places about 400 years apart (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 143, 1908). So'-chah chah chut'-te or So'-chah chut-te (meaning 'Seed house'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on Sherwood Creek on Charley Underhill's ranch about 3 mile east of Sherwood station.-CHM. So-le chut-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria at head of Pudding Creek, toward coast, 18 miles from Sherwood, near Glenblair. Belongs to Sherwood tribe, but Me-tum'-mah go there in summer also.-CHM. Soo'-boo-che-mahl. Given by Barrett as old Po'-mo camp site on East Fork Russian River about 300 yards up stream from No'bado. Synonomy: Su'butcemal (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 152, 1908). So'satca (Saw'-sah-chah). Old Mah-to' po'-mah village given by Barrett as on north bank Curley Cow Creek about half a mile down stream from present Sherwood Valley village (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). 29 S5'tca (Barrett). See So'-chah. Su'butcemal. See Soo'-boo-che-mahl. Tah'-nah-kum chut'-te (meaning 'Hand pond village'). Me-tum'-mah name for rancheria or camp about 3 or 3+ miles east of Willets. Belonged to the Sho'-mul' po'-mah.-CHM. Synonomy: Tanak5m (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 145, 1908). Tah-nah-shil' chut'-te (meaning 'Hang up hand'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on site of present Sherwood Railroad station.-CHM. Synonomy: Tanacil (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 148, 1908). Tah-'skol. Given by Barrett as old (Mah-to' po'-mah) camp on ridge west of Outlet Creek, about 3 miles east-southeast of Sherwood station. Synonomy: Tas'kol or tca'skol (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 152, 1908). Tanaci'l (Barrett). See Tah-nah-shil chut'-te. Tanak5'm (Barrett). See Tah'-nah-kum chut'-te. Ta'skol (Barrett). See Tah'-skol. Tca'dam or Tca'tam. See Chah'-dahm. Tca'mkawi (Chahm-kah-we) (Barrett). Village on East Fork Russian River. See Shah-chahm-kah-oo. Tca'skol. See Tah'-skol TcS'mtcadlila (Barrett). See Chom'-chah-de-lah. Te-ki' chut'-te (meaning 'String valley'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria on Sherwood Creek, about 3 miles southeast of Sherwood (Russell Ranch now).-CHM. Synonomy: Ti'kai (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). ch Te'-rah-kah. Ki-yow'-bah=-- rancheria at Briar Spring on south side of Tule Lake.-CHM. Ti'kai (Barrett). See Te-ki' chut'-te. Tol'-dahm. Given by Barrett as (Buldam) camp at edge of redwood forest 1 mile from ocean, up ridge between Noyo River and Hare River. Synonomy: To'ldam (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 135, 1908). 30 Too-lim-ho'. Given by Barrett as (Po'-mo) camp site about - mile west of Subuitcemal on East Fork Russian River. Synonomy: Tulimho' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 152, 1908). Too'-too-moo' chut-te'. Me-tum'-mah name for a village of the closely related Sho'-mul' po'-mah, situated on a small hillside in the southern part of Little Lake Valley (about a mile east of the highway and a mile or 1+ miles north of extreme south end of valley).-CHM. Tsah-kah' chut'-te (meaning 'Green village'). Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on Willets Creek near Northwestern Mill on road to Sherwood.-CHM. Synonomy: Tsaka' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908); Tsaka' (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 243, Sept. 29, 1926). Tsah-kah'-mo. Given by Barrett as village near north end of bridge across Cold Creek on road from Fort Brown to Centerville in Potter Valley (on or close to boundary between Mah-soo-tah ka-ah and Mah-too'-go). Synonomy: Tsaka'mo (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 140, 1908). Tsaka' (Barrett). See Tsah-kah' chut'-te. Tsaka'mo (Barrett). See Tsah-kah'-mo. Tsam-mom'-dah chut'-te (meaning 'Sour Creek village'). Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria on Davis Creek 5 miles westerly from Willets on the road to Big River. Permanent all the year rancheria, belonging half and half to the Me-tum'-mah and the Bul-dam' po'-mah.-CHM. Synonomy: Sa-min-da (McKee, Sen. Doc. 1, 32d Cong., 1st Sess., 502, 1852); Sa-mun-da (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 116, 1853; McKee in Sen. Doc., 4, Special Sess., pp. 146, 184, 1853); Tsam&lmda (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908; Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 230, 1925). Tsam6'mda (Barrett). See Tsam-mom'-dah chut'-te. Tse'-yu'-ki chut'-te. Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria at west end of Sherwood Valley about 21 miles from Sherwood station.-CHM. Tsi-kah'-dah-no chut'-te (meaning 'Bluejay water hill'). Me-tum'-mah name for Sherwood Valley (Mah-to' po'-mah) rancheria at spring 2 mile due east of Sherwood station.-CHM. Synonomy: Tsi'kinidano (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 147, 1908). Tsi'kinIdan5 (Barrett). See Tsi-kah'-dah-no chut'-te. 31 Tsim-pahl. Given by Barrett as doubtful old (Po'-mo) village site near foothills on west side north end Potter Valley. Synonomy: Tsi'mpal (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908). Tiulimho (Barrett). See Too'-lim-ho'. Xale'sema (Barrett). See Kah-la'-sah-mah. Xaro' or Xaro'maluigal (Barrett). See Har-raw'. Yah'-kah-le chut-te. Me-tum'-mah name for their rancheria at foot of Bald Hill about 1 mile north of Pudding Creek and same distance from Cleone. Old Government Reservation. Site of old rancheria; present rancheria there now.-CHM. Synonomy: Ya'kale (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 135, 1908). Yah-me'. Given by Barrett as (Me-to'-mah) village on south shore Little Lake, north of Willets. Synonomy: Yam!' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 146, 1908);. Yamee (Calif. Legislature, Special Joint Committee Mendocino War, 62, 1860)o Yah'-mo. Given by Barrett as (Po'-mo) village at foot of mountains at north end of Potter Valley. Synonomy: Ya'm5, Ya'ma or Ya'mui (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 142, 1908). Yah'-mul chut'-te (meaning 'Friendly village'). Me-tum'-mah name for summer camp and dancing place in the valley 1+ miles southeast of Willets. Shared by both the Me-tum'-mah and Sho'-mul' po'-mah.-CHM. Ya'kale (Barrett). See Yah'-kah-le-chut-te. Ya'ma (Barrett). See Yah'-mo. Yamee. See Yah-me'. Yam!' (Barrett). See Yah-me'. Ya'mo or Ya'mui (Barrett). See Yah'-mo. Yo'bultui (Barrett 1908). See Yo-voo-tu-ea. Yo-voo-tu-ea. Given by Palmer as (Ki-yow'-bah==) tribe just east of the "Ki-ous" on the borders of Tule Lake. Ja-ma-toe was their chief (Lyman L. Palmer, History of Napa and Lake Counties, Pub. Slocum, Bowen & Co., San Francisco, pp. 35, 37 of Lake Co., 1881). Synonomy: Yo'buitiui (Yo'-bu-tu-e), Given by Barrett as old village near west bank Scott Creek about 2 miles south-southwest of town of Upper Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 185-186, 187, Feb. 1908). 32 TRIBE LIST OF MIN-KO'-NAH CHUM'-MI INCLUDING SHAH-KOW'-WE CHUM'-MI MIN-KO'-NAH CHUM'-MI. Dry Creek tribe, occupying entire valley of Dry Creek down to a few miles above Healdsburg, where its' territory joins that of the closely related Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi, by whom they are called Min-ko'-nah chum'-mi (name probably also used by themselves). The name of Dry Creek is Min-ko'-nah. The tribe consists of 2 divisions: the Shah-kow'-we chum'a-mi of the upper creek, reaching about to junction of Dry and Pena Creeks (about 2 miles south of Cozzens); and the Min-ko'-nah chum'-mi from Pena Creek to just above Healdsburg. The tribe is called Ma'-hin kow'-nah chum'-mi by Mahl'-kah-mo chum'mi of Cloverdale Valley.-CHM. cawa'ko (Barrett). See Show-wahk'-ko. Do'-we-kah-ton (do'wikaton, Barrett). Old "village" (probably camp) on ridge separating headwaters of Warm Springs Creek from Middle Fork Gualala River about 1* miles northwest of Leppo's dairy, which is a sumnit of ridge, on road between Russian River Valley and Stewarts Point on the coast (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 221, Feb. 1908). Not certain whether village Do'-we-kah-ton was Kah-chi'-ah or Shah-kow' -we chum' -mi. kabe'ptewi (Barrett). See Kah-ba'-pte-we. Kah-ba'-pte-we (kabg'ptewi, Barrett). Old village, site indefinite, probably near southwest bank of Rancheria Creek, one of extreme headwaters of Warm Springs Creek, at a point prob- ably about 1 mile from junction of Rancheria Creek with Warm Springs Creek proper (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908); Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. Kah-ho'-wah-ne (kah3'wanT, Barrett). Old village at Skaggs Springs on east bank of Hot Springs Creek, a branch of Warm Springs Creek. Mr. Mulgrew, proprietor of Skaggs Springs, has found implements on this site (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908); Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. kahS'wani (Barrett). See Kah-ho'-wah-ne. Kaht-sah'-no-smah (katsa'n3sma, Barrett). Old village on ridge between headwaters of Warm Springs Creek and Middle Fork Gualala River, about 2 miles north-northwest of Leppo's dairy, at summit of ridge, on road from Russian River Valley to Stewarts Point (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908). Not certain whether village Kaht-sah'-no-smah was Kah-chi' -ah or Shah-kow' -we chum' -mi. 33 Kah-wink-wi-te'-mahn (Kawinkwitilman, Barrett). Old village near east bank of Dry Creek about X mile above junction of Pina Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908); Shah-kow'-we chum'mi. katsa'nosma (Barrett). See Kaht-sah'-no-smah. kawinkwiti'man (Barrett). See Kah-wink-wi-te'-mahn. Ku-lah'-te-o (kila'tio, Barrett). Old village (probably camp) on summit of ridge between headwaters of Warm Springs Creek and middle Fork Gualala River, about 4- mile northwest of Leppo's dairy, on road between Russian River Valley and Stewarts Point on coast (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 221, 1908). Probably Kah-chi'-ah, but may be Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. Ma-hin kow'-nah chum'-mi. Name given me by Pomoan Mah'-kah-mo chum'-mi (of Cloverdale Valley) for main Dry Creek tribe.- CHM. Min-ko'-nah chum'-mi. Name given me by Pomoan Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi (of Healdsburg region) for Dry Creek tribe. Probably used by the Min-ko'-nah chum'-mi for themselves. The name of Dry Creek is Min-ko'-nah.-CHM. Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. The part of the Min-ko'-nah chum'-mi which occupies the upper part of Dry Creek Valley down to about 2 miles south of Cozzens, near junction of Dry and Pena Creeks.-CHM. Show-wahk'-ko. Name given me by Pomoan Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi (of Healdsburg) for rancheria of the closely related Min-ko'-nah chum-mi about 8 miles from Healdsburg and 2 miles south of Cozzens, at the junction of Dry and Pena Creeks.-CHM. Synonomy: cawak6 (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908); Wahl-noot'-we (walnultse, Barrett) Miyakma name for Show-wahk'-ko (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, 1908). Tah-ko'-ton (tako'ton, Barrett). Old village on east bank of Dry Creek just above junction of Warm Springs Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908); Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. takS't3n (Barrett). See Tah-ko'-t5n. Wahl-noot'-se (walnui'tse, Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 220, 1908). Miyakma name for Show-wahk'-ko, which see. 34 VILLAGES OF THE KAH'-TAH-WE CHUM'MI Kah'-tah-we (or Kah'-to-e). On pond of same name about 2 miles south of Healdsburg and on east side of highway. Mah-kahs'-mo. Between Russian River and Kah'-tah-we lagoon, about a quarter of a mile west of the lagoon. Kah'-le (Kol'-le or Kul'-le). A large rancheria, the side of which is covered by the present town of Healdsburg. Wah'-tah-kow'-we. A large rancheria about a mile east of Healdsburg. To-tse'-wahn. On the bend of Russian River beyond (east of) Fitch Mountain. Ah-mah'-te-e'-yu. About 3 miles from Healdsburg (on Middle Creek half a mile west of county road to Guerneville, on little hill not far from bridge). The name of the Dry Creek tribe is Min-ko'-nah chum'mi (from Min-ko'-nah or Min-kow'-nah, the name of Dry Creek). They talk nearly same as our people. They had a large rancheria named Show-wahk'-ko. It was situated on Dry Creek about 8 miles from Healdsburg. The exact place was about 2 miles south of Cozzens, at the junction of Dry and Pena Creeks. There is, or recently was, an adobe house there.-CHM. 35 MAH' -KAH-MO CHUM' -MI, KAH' -TAH-WE CHUM' -MI AND MIN-KO' -NAH CHUM' -MI Additional Pomo Villages Given by Barrett Ah- 'kah-mo-cho-lo-wah-ne. Near west bank Russian River I mile southeast of Cloverdale. Ah-mahl-poo-wah'-le. On west bank Russian River 14 miles down from Healdsburg, 1 mile down from Dry Creek bridge, and on east bank of creek. Ah-mah-skah-che'-lahn. Near foothills on east edge Dry Creek Valley and 2 miles north-northeast of Healdsburg. Bah'-kah-tse-o. Just south of railroad depot at Healdsburg. Bah-shah-kle-kah-oo. 1 mile north of Healdsburg where Lyttons and Dry Creek roads diverge. Bah-shah-kle-non-ahn. On J.W. Calhoun ranch near east bank Russian River 21 miles a little north of west of Windsor. Be-doot-sah-kah-la-yo. On west bank Russian River 4 mile down from confluence of Dry Creek. Be-hek-ah-oo-nah. On west bank Russian River 4 miles down from Healdsburg. Boo-doo-che-lahn. On east bank Russian River, probably 5+ miles up from Guerneville; was on Thomas Hill's ranch and but short way down stream from confluence of Markwest Creek with Russian River. Dal-e-mah. On Porter Ranch 3 mile west of Russian River and 2 miles north of confluence of Markwest Creek with Russian River. Djopten. On 'Brumfield Ranch' on east bank Russian River almost opposite confluence of Dry Creek. E-chah-chilhli. Camp immediately south of Asti railroad station. Hah-che-lahn. On ranch formerly called 'Lewis Ranch' just east of Russian River 2+ miles west-southwest of Windsor. He-e-man. Near west bank Russian River 23 miles south of Healdsburg. Hel-wah-ma-shahn. On west bank Russian River X mile down from Healdsburg. 36 Kah-be-ton. Near east bank Dry Creek 24 miles north-northeast of Healdsburg. Kah-bek-ah-dog-ah-ne. On 'Hopper Ranch' just west of bridge over Dry Creek on road from Healdsburg down west bank Russian River. Kah-laht-ken. On west bank Russian River 4* miles south of Healdsburg. On former J.G. Dow ranch. Kah-wah-me-o. 1* mile east-southeast of Healdsburg. Kah-we-kah-we. Near east bank Russian River 23 miles a little east of south of Healdsburg. Kah-wink-wit-e-mahn. Near east bank Dry Creek 4 mile up from confluence of Pina Creek. Kaw-law-kaw. 2 miles east-southeast of Healdsburg. Loo-le. On 'Miller Ranch' in Dry Creek Valley 1-4 miles northwest of Healdsburg. Moo-kah-ko-chah-'hli. At northeast foot of Fitch Mountain and 1* miles northeast of Healdsburg. Mo-'te-chah-ton. 13 miles south-southeast of Cloverdale. Oop-ah-wah-ne. On 'Miller Ranch' 1 mile east of Russian River and 24 miles southwest of Windsor. Oop-ah-wah-ne. On 'Thompson Ranch' 4 mile west of Dry Creek and 4 mile north of Mill Creek. Sha-chah-le. Near east bank Dry Creek 3* miles up from Healdsburg; one places it -4 mile south of Watahkkowe. Shah-te-nen. Near west bank Russian River 31 miles south of Healdsburg. She-o-hoot-mo-ko-ne. Probably on White and Wilson's ranch, 11 miles east of Russian River, and v mile north of Markwest Creek (indefinite). She-yo-le. At town of Guerneville (name of this village given me as Mo-kos.-CHM). Tah-ko-kah-la-we. At or near Lytton Springs in low hills of divide between Russian River and Dry Creek, 1 mile west of Lytton. 37 Tah-ko-ton. On east bank Dry Creek just up from confluence of Warm Springs Creek. Tse-we-da. Near east bank Russian River 21 miles a little south of west of Windsor. Waw-tawk-kah-ton. 1 mile northeast of Healdsburg cemetery (on opposite side Russian River from Wah-tahk-kah-we) on 'Luce Rahch'. Yo-shik-la-to-wah-ne. At south end of wagon bridge across Russian River at Healdsburg (one says on west bank almost opposite). 38 SHERWOOD VALLEY PCMO RANCHERIAS Names given me by Me-tum'-mah Indians (suffix chut-te means 'village') Tah-nah-shil' chut-te (meaning 'Hang up hand village). On site of present Sherwood Railroad Station. But-te'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Wild potatoes'). Another, same name also Sherwood tribe. On Be-sha' Ridge about 4 miles due west of Sherwood and about X mile below Silvery's ranch. Te'-ki' chut'-te (meaning 'String Valley'). On Sherwood Creek about 3 miles southeast of Sherwood (Russell Ranch now). In small valley of only about 10 acres. Tsi-kah'-dah-no chut'-te (meaning 'Bluejay hill'). At spring E mile due east of Sherwood station. Former creamery there. Boo-tah'-kah' chut'-te (meaning 'Grizzly Bear Falls'). Two miles east of Sherwood station on Charley Underhill's ranch (about 1 mile east of ranchhouse). Big roundhouse there. Kah-la-yo chut'-te (meaning 'Village under tree'). Old rancheria on Charley Underhill's ranch about 1+ miles southeast of Sherwood station. Mah'-chah-tah (meaning 'Between two hills'). i mile east of Sherwood station. Big rancheria. Mah-to' chut'-te (meaning 'Rotten ground'). About 2 miles south-southeast Sherwood station. Big rancheria and round- house there. Gave name to Sherwood Valley tribe. So'-chah chah chut'-te (So-chah chut'-te, meaning 'Seed house'). On Sherwood Creek on Charley Underhill's ranch about X mile east of Sherwood station. Kah-i'-kah chut'-te (meaning 'Raven spring'). Summer camp in end of Sherwood Valley on county road from Willets. About mile from Sherwood Inn. First house on road on site. (Another of same name 21 miles from Willets.) Kah-ba'-de-la chut'-te (meaning 'Middle rock'). Old rancheria in hills abQut 4 miles northwest of Sherwood on Be-sha' ridge - a long timbered ridge running toward the coast. Cha-bo'-tse-yu' chut'-te (meaning 'Grouse nook'). Less than i mile from Sherwood station (railroad passes within 100 feet of old rancheria). Big village. 39 Ko-lah'-ki' (meaning 'Tule flat'). Summer camp 1 mile above Rose station (on railroad and county road). On Russell ranch 1l miles south of Sherwood Valley. Belongs to Sherwood tribe. Doubtless Barrett's Kulaki on Kul'-le-kow be-dah' Creek (Curleycoukow Creek of white men). Ki'-kit-sil chut'-te (meaning 'End of valley'). At head of tongue of Sherwood Valley about 21 miles northwest from Railroad station. Kah'-mah-do'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Cold spring flat'). North side Sherwood Valley 1 miles from station. Louis Bellodeau's house there (now Moody ranch). Kah-baht' be-dah' chut'-te (meaning 'Madrone creek village'). About 1 mile west of Sherwood station on Kah-la-kow Creek. Big rancheria, 30-40 holes. Big Spanish massacre there. Killed about 25 and stole children to sell. Indian Chief, Kal-pa'-a'-lan (Calpella) led Spanish there about or before 1846. She-ko'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Willow flat'). About 6 miles south of Sherwood on county road, near Rose station. Two big rancherias and roundhouse there. Sha-ne'-kal-le chut'-te (meaning 'Roundhouse tree village'). About 21 miles east of Sherwood and 1 miles from Outlet Creek (between Outlet Creek and Underhill ranch), Kah-shahm' chut'-te (meaning 'Holly buckthorn village'). On chaparral flat on Charley Underhill's place about 4 mile east of Underhill's house and about 2 miles east of Sherwood station. Che'-ah-po'-yo chut'-te (meaning 'Village under Hawk nest'). Main rancheria close by Charley Underhill's house. Big spring there. Fair size but no roundhouse. Kah-la-kow chut'-te (meaning 'Front of timber camp'). Summer camp on small flat in edge of timber about 4 mile west of Sherwood station and close to present Railroad. Origin of whiteman's Curleycou Creek name. Tse'-yu'-ki chut'-te (meaning 'Nook or tongue place'). At west end of Sherwood Valley about 21 miles from Sherwood station. Kah-wah-tah-ko chut-te (meaning 'Short spruce village'). On county road close to Tse-yu-ki about 2 miles west from Sherwood station. Present Indian ranch at same place (land bought by Indians). 40 Be-hem'-kah-loom. Village 1+ miles southwest of Sherwood station. So-le chut'-te (meaning 'small timber flat'). Rancheria at head of Pudding Creek, toward coast, 18 miles from Sherwood, near Glenblair. Belongs to Sherwood tribe but our tribe (Me-tum'-mah) goes there in summer also. Tribes meet there - friends. There are 2 ceremonial houses there. 41 ME-TCW'-MAH RANCHERIAS In Little Lake Valley: The name Me-to'-mah chut'-te was applied to all Me-tum'-mah villages in Me-tum'-ki or Little Lake Valley. There were 4 important permanent winter villages containing about 600 people. These were: Cha-bo'-cha-kah' chut'-te, Po'-kah- chil' chut'-te, She-o'-kah-lan' chut'-te, and Tsah-kah' chut'-te. Cha-bo'-cha-kah' chut'-te (meaning 'Grouse water village'). A very large rancheria with roundhouse, 2 or 3 miles west or northwest of Willets, between Willets and Northwestern Mill (just above Frost's ranch) and about a quarter mile from Po'-kah-chil' chut'-te. Between 40 and 50 householes could be counted on site of this village. Po'-kah-chil' chut'-te (meaning 'Red clay hanger rancheria'). About 2 miles west of Willets and a quarter mile southwest of Cha-bo'-cha-kah' chut'-te. She-o'-kah-lan' chut'-te (meaning 'Side hill village'). About a mile west of Willets. Big roundhouse there. Tsah-kah' chut'-te (meaning 'Green village'). On Willets Creek near Northwestern Mill on road to Sherwood. Big roundhouse there. Northwestern limit of Me-tum'-mah tribe. My informant, Joseph Willets, was raised there. Chum'-kah-til (meaning 'Pines on edge of water'). Summer camp less than a quarter mile north of Willets. Formerly small pond there. Kaht-se'-yu or Kah-tse'-yoo (meaning 'End of water'). Old summer camp about 1l miles south of Willets and about a quarter mile from Bechtel Ranch, between Bechtel's and Willets. Buts-ah'-tsa chut'-te (meaning 'Cascara village'). Summer seed gathering camp about a mile west of Willets and the same distance south of She-o'-kah-lan' on a hillside on the road to Ft. Bragg. Kah-i'-kah chut'-te (meaning 'Raven spring village). About 21 miles from Willets on the road to Sherwood; an old orchard there now. The old village was 200 or 300 yards south of the first house (going from Willets toward Sherwood). There was another village of the same name on the same road farther north, in Sherwood Valley. 42 Kah-ba-paw-all chut'-te (meaning 'Rock pool camp' ). Summer camp about a half a mile north of Willets on new highway. Formerly there was a little pool or pot-hole in a big rock .there, which was blasted out by the highway. Kah'-be-shal chut'-te (meaning 'Boiling water village'). About a mile south of Willets on Bechtel Ranch, on present highway. Two bands or divisions of the tribe met here, the Kah-shi'- da-mal' po'-mah and the Tan'-pah-kom po'-mah. Yah'-mul chut'-te (meaning 'Friendly village'). Summer camp and dancing place in the Valley 1l miles southeast of Willets. Shared by both the Me-tum'-mah and the Sho-mul' po'-mah. Tan'-nah-kum chut'-te (meaning 'Hand pond village'). About 3 or 3j miles east of Willets. There was an extra large roundhouse here holding more than 200 people. Belonged to Sho-mul' po'-nmah. Sho'-tse-yu chut'-te (meaning 'East end'). About 2 miles east of Willets. Belonged to the Sho-mul' po'-mah. Mah'-ah-hi'-tum chut'-te (meaning 'Food stick standing village'). Big summer camp a half mile east of Bechtel's place and 1 or 1* miles southeast of Willets, in the flat of the valley close to the hills on the east side. There was a big dance- house here consisting of a brush fence 5 or 6 feet high without roof. Several tribes met here to dance and have a good time, camping here for 3 months - from June to the end of August. Buk-kow'-hah' chut'-te (meaning 'Dam mouth village'). At extreme north end of Little Lake, close to present highway. Belonged to the division called Buk-kow'-hah po'-mah (of upper Outlet Creek). Tsam-mom'-dah chut'-te (meaning 'Sour creek village'). On Davis Creek 5 miles westerly from Willets on the road to Big River. Permanent all the year rancheria, belonging half and half to the Me-tum'-mah and the Bul-dom' po'-mah. A white man named Bob Ralston took up a ranch there and poisoned the Indians by putting stricknine on meat. Those who were not killed removed to Me-tum'-ki Valley. 43 KACHIAH VILLAGE NAMIES Be'-moo kah'-lol (Be'-moo kah'-tol). Village in mountains immed- iately north of middle fork Gualala River and 2 mile north of Noble's. Boo-lah'-ko-we. Village 1 mile north of Noble's ranch. Chah-yah'-kah-tol. Camp on Buckeye Creek in mountains 3 miles northeast of Black Point. We-sha-chummi. Doo'-tsah-k51. Camp 2 miles north of Annapolis. We-shah-chum-mi. Doo'-we-de'-tem. Village 4 miles east of Lee Noble's. Gua-la-la. Indians on Gualala River (Powers). We-shah-chummi. He-whal'-mo. Lee Noble's place. Kah'-bah-te-we. Camp across from (east of) Taber's ranch. Kah-wah'-chan-nah. On Dixon's place on top hill on Healdsburg Road 19 miles from Kahchiah. Eastern limit Kahchiah tribe. East of this place is Dry Creek tribe. Kah-se-le. Camp at head of Wolf Creek, probably near north branch. Kah-leo'-shah. Camp on ridge across from Wickersham's place. Kah-ba-ta-yo. Village near east bank Gualala River 1x miles up from confluence of Rock Pile Creek. Kaht'-mah-che. Camp at junction Middle and South Forks Gualala. Kah-wahm'-chah el'-le. Village immediately west of Lee Noble's which is on south bank middle fork Gualala River and just down from where Hopper Creek, Wolf Creek and north fork of middle fork unite to form the middle fork; is in grain field on flat immediately west of Lee Noble's barn. Kah-wahn'-ta la-mah'-ne. Village near head of Buckeye Creek, an affluent of Gualala River (indefinite). Ko-bah'-ta. Old rancheria at Annapolis. Weshat chummi. Koo-bah==' mo-e. Village near south bank Rock Pile Creek at confluence with Gualala River. 44 Mah-bah'-te. Hahn Noble's. Mah=---mo. Taber Ranch, "old John Fisk place", 2 mile east of middle fork Gualala River. Mah-kom'-sha. 1 mile east of Annapolis. Mah-kah'-wish-shah. Village in mountains immediately north of middle fork Gualala River and probably 1l miles a little north of east of Ko-bah-ta; midway between Buckeye Creek and middle fork of Gualala River. Mah-te'-we. Village on summit of ridge separating middle fork Gualala River from small "Haupt Creek" to the south; almost due north of Potol. Shahm-le'. Village in mountains immediately north of middle fork Gualala River and probably 3 miles a little north of east of confluence with main branch. Soo'-no. North of Taber Ranch. Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 226. Camp in mountains north of middle fork Gualala River and probably 11 miles northwest of Noble's. Gua-la-la, Wal-halla, Wallhalla, Valhalla, Wahl-hah-lah. Indians on Gualala River (Powers). We-sha-tum'-mi. Tribe in Gualala Valley and thence easterly to high divide between headwaters of north fork Gualala River and Rock Pile Creek on the west, and those of Dry Creek (tributary to Russian River) on the east. We-sha'-chum'-mi. Their name for themselves; used also by Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi (of Healdsburg). Pronounced We-shah- chum-mi by Mah'-kah-mo-chum-mi of Cloverdale Valley. 45 KAHCHIAH POMO TRIBE LIST Including rancherias and camp sites a'ca'tcatiui. See Ah'-shah-chah'-te-oo. Ahch-ah-she-nah-chah'-wah-le (atcacinatca'walli, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge east of Gualala River.-CHM. (4y miles west of Haupt Ranch, Barrett 236, 1908). Ah-che-win'-nah, Ah-chim'-win-nah (hatcl'wina, Barrett). Old Kah-chi'-ah village near where present Duncans Mill stands (on north side Russian River) - told me by member of tribe at mouth of Russian River in 1905.-CHM. Camp site 5 miles about mouth (Barrett, 238, 1908). See also hatci'wina. Ah-mah'-yah-lah'-che (amaya'latcI, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village about 2 miles south of Ft. Ross.-CHM. Ah'-shah-chah'-te-oo (a'ca'tcatiu, Barrett 1908). Village on long point south of Russian River mouth, on ridge 1 mile from tip of point (Barrett, 232, 1908). See also talaLa'pu. A-kow'-wah-tol. Village on south side of mouth of Russian River. The people of this village are called A-kow'-wah-tol-bah ka-cha-mah. Told me by old native woman at this village in 1905.-CHM. See also Kah'-wah-tol. amaya'latci. See Ah-mah'-yah-lah'-che. atcad'natca'wallI. See Ahch-ah-she-nah-chah'-wah-le. bac5'wI. See Bah-shd-we. bace'y3kaili. See Bah-shi-yo-ki-le. Bah-sha-we (bace'wi, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 3 miles north of Fisks Mill.-CHM. Bah-shA-yo-ki-le (bace'y6kaill, Barrett, 231, 1908). Village 3 miles south of Ft. Ross.-CHI. Bah-tsah'-sahl (batsa'tsal, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 3+ miles south of Stewarts Point.-CHM. batsaltsal, See Bah-tsah'-sahl. 46 Be'-moo-kah'-lol (bi'muikaton, Barrett, 225, 1908). Village in mountains on north side of Middle Fork Gualala River about mile north of Lee Nobles.-CHM. bI'muikaton. See Be'-moo-kah'-lol. Boo-lah'-ko-we (bu'lakowi; Barrett, 226, 1908). Village in mountains 2 or 3 miles north of Wolf Creek, about 1 mile north or northeast of Nobles.-CHM. bu'lakowi. See Boo-lah'-ko-we. cape't3me. Camp near east bank main branch Gualala River about 1 mile northeast of Seaview (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 238, Feb. 1908). See Shah-pe'-to-me. Cashia (Dorrington 1927). Chico (Calif.) Enterprise, March 9. Chah-lahm'-ke-o-mah'-le (tcala'mkiamali, Barrett 1908). Village about 1 mile south of Kahchiah Reservation.-CHM. On ridge east of Gualala River about 4 mile southeast of Kah'-le-shah- dim (Barrett, 236, 1908). Chah-lahn'-chah-wi (tcala'ntcawi, Barrett 1908). Village on south bank of lagoon near mouth of Russian River (Barrett, 232, 1908). Chah-mo'-kah-me (tcalmokome, Barrett, 237, 1908). Village on ridge about 1 mile north or northwest of Seaview (on west side of main road).-CHM. Chah-moo'-kah (tcamui'ka, Barrett 1908). Village about 5 miles south of Ft. Ross.-CHM. 1 mile west of Charles Rule ranch house on same ridge (Barrett, 232, 1908). Chah'-pe-dah'. Coast village about 2 miles north of Stewarts Point, claimed by both Kah-chi-ah and We-shah chum-mi.-CHM. tca'pida - village about 1 mile north of Black Point (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 229, 1908). Che-ko'-be-dah (tcik3'blda, Barrett 1908). Camp site 1 mile north- west of Stewarts Point and 400 yds south of Toolekahlayo (Barrett, 233, 1908). Che'-te (tcI'ti, Barrett 1908). Camp site on coast 4 miles southeast of Russian River (Barrett, 235, 1908). Chi-te'-bi-dah-kah-le (tciti'bidakal], Barrett 1908). Village 3 W miles north of Timber Cove; also same name for camp site about 21 miles up the coast (Barrett, 230, 234, 1908). See Chit'-te be-dah'-kalle. 47 Che-to'-now-le (tci'tono, Barrett 1908). Village 2 or 3 miles south of Salt Point.-CHM. 1 mile southeast of Salt Point (Barrett, 230, 1908). Chi-ko-sah-do'-chah-ne (tcaikosad3'tcani, Barrett 1908). Camp in mountains 4 mile from northeast bank of Middle Fork Gualala River and 3 mile east-southeast of He-boo'-we "hibii'wi" (Barrett, 238, 1908). Chit'-te be-dah' kalle (tciti'bidakali, Barrett 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) about 1 mile south of Fisks Mill where Plantation Road joins Coast road.-CHM. Same name as old village 4 mile north of Timber Cove. See Chi-tg-bi-dah-kah-le. Choo-mah'-te (tcuma'tl, Barrett, 236, 1908). Village on top of ridge between main Gualala River and Middle Fork, about midway between junction of these rivers and Kahchi'ah Reservation. -CHM. Chvachamaja. See also Kwakamayu. Chvachamayu. See also Kwakamayu. Chwachamaja. See also Kwakamayu. Chwachamaju. See also Kwakamayu. Chwachamayu. See also Kwakamayu. dana'ga. See Dan-nah'-kah. Dan-nah'-kah (dana'ga, Barrett, 229, 1908). Village at Stewarts Point. Also given as Soo-noo'-noo-she-nal.-CHM. Synonomy: danaga (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 229, 1908); Danaga (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 234, 925); Danaga (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 210, Sept. 29, 1926). De'-kah-tah (di'kata, Barrett 1908). Village 1 to 4 miles south of Salt Point.-CHM. Camp site about 1 mile southeast of Salt Point (Barrett, 234, 1908). Doo'-kah-shal (dii'kacal, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge 2 mile north-northwest of Haupt Ranch (Barrett, 237, 1908) and about 6 miles east of Kahchiah Reservation.-CHM. Doo'-we de'-tem (duwnidi'tem, Barrett, 226, 1908). Village 3 or 4 miles east of Lee Nobles.-CHM. Given by Barrett as near south bank Wolf Creek 1* miles up stream from junction with Middle Fork Gualala. 48 Doo'-we kah'-lah wah'-kah-le (dii'wikalawakali, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp 4 miles southeast) 4 miles south of Stewarts Point.-CM. Doo'-we mah'-chah el'-le (dirwima'tcaeli, Barrett, 230, 1908). Coast village about 1* miles southeast of Stewarts Point.- CHM. Do'-we-kah-ton (D5'wikat5n, Barrett). Possibly Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi. Old 'tvillage" (probably camp) on ridge separating headwaters of Warm Springs Creek from Middle Fork Gualala River about 1* mile northwest of Leppo's dairy, which is at su mmit of ridge, on road between Russian River valley and Stewarts Point on the coast (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 221, 1908). dui'kacal. See Doo'-kah-shal. dflwldT'tem. See Doo'we de'-tem. du'wikalawakall. See Doo'-we kah'-lah wah'-kah-le. duiwima'tcaeli. See Doo'-we mah'-chah el'-le. E-ri'-o (Erio). Band at mouth of Russian River (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 194, 1877; Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891; Handbook American Indians, Pt. 1, 432, 1907). Probably of Russian origin (Powers). Barrett quotes Powers (Ethno-Geog. PomO, 230, Feb. 1908). See also Kwakamayu. Gualala (Wal-halla, Valhalla). Not Kah-chi'-ah. Name has been used for both We'-shah'-chum'-mi and Kan-no'-ah.-CHM. See Wahl-hahl'-lah. Hah-chi'-we-nah (hatcl'wlna, Barrett 1908). Village at Duncans Mill on north side of Russian River. Camp site 5 miles above mouth (Barrett, 238, 1908). See Ah-che-win'-nah, Ah-chim' -win-nah. Hahn-tan'-no. Village on south side Russian River about 8 miles from coast, at point now occupied by Monte Rio.-CHM. Hah-pah'-moo (hapa'mfi, Barrett 1908). "Western Moquelumnan" (=Olamentko) name. Camp site 2 miles south of Duncan Point (Barrett, 235, 1908). Error, included by Barrett in Southern Pomo, but is Olamentko. hapa'mui. See Hah-pah'-moo. hatci'wina. See also hah-che'-we-nah. See Ah-che-win'-nah, Ah-chim'win-nah. 49 He-boo'-we (hTibu'wi, Barrett 1908). Village in mountains north of Middle Fork and West of Fuller Creek.-CHM. 1 mile north of Middle Fork (Barrett, 237, 1908). Hi'-po-wi (Powers, Tribes Calif., p. 189, 1877). he malakahwalaui. See Hem-wah'-lah kah'-wah-low. Hem-wah'-lah kah'-wah-low (he'malakahwalaZi, Barrett 1908). Village about 3 miles southeast of Stewarts Point.-CHM. Camp site (Barrett, 234, 1908). He-wahl'-mo (hi'walhmu, Barrett, 226, 1908). Village at Lee Nobles at junction of Hopper Creek with Middle Fork Gualala. -CHM. hTbii'w1. See He-boo'-we Hi'-po-wi (Powers, Tribes of Calif., p. 189, 1877). See He-boo'-we. hi'walhmu. See He-wahl'-mo. Hum'-choo-wah. Village on coast 1l miles north of Fisks Mill.-CHM. Japiam. Tribe in Russian Valley or north of Fort Ross (Kostromi- tonow, Beitrage Russischen Reiches, I, 80, 1839). May be We-shum'tat'tah. See also Yapiam. (Bancroft, after Kastromitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, 449, 1874). kabatui. See Kah'-bah-te-we. ch Kah'-bah-te-we. Village across canyon from Mah=--mo, Taber ranch (east of it) about a mile north of Middle Fork Gualala and 2 miles north-northwest of Lee Noble Ranch.-CHM. kabe'batell. See Kah-ba'-bah-ta-le. kabe mali. See Kah-ba'-mah-le. kabeslla'wina. See Kah'-bah-sil-lah'-we'-nah. Kacaya and Yutaya. "The people of Stewarts Point" (Edwin M. Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 194, Sept. 29, 1926). See Kah-chi'-ah. kadjuisa'mall. See Kah-hoo'-sah-mah'-le. Kah-ba'-bah-ta-li (kabe'bateli, Barrett 1908). Camp site at or near Cazadero (Barrett, 238, 1908). Kah'-bah-sil-lah'-we'-nah (kabesila'wina, Barrett, 230, 1908). Village at Salt Point.-CHM. 50 Kah'-bah-te-we. Village across canyon from MahC-m, the old rancheria at Taber ranch (east of it) about a mile north of Middle Fork Gualala and 2 miles north-northwest of Lee Noble Ranch.-CHM. kaba'tui. Camp site in mountains north of Middle Fork Gualala river and about 1l miles northwest of (he-wahl-mo?) hibu'wi (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 226, 1908). Kah-ba'-mah-le (kabe'malI, Barrett 1908). Village at Duncan Point.-CHM. 6 miles south of mouth of Russian River (Barrett, 232, 1908). lippula'mma. "Western Moguelmnn" (=Olamentko) dialect name for this village (Barrett, Etlno-Geog. Pomo, 232, 1908). Kah-bo'-che chah' kah-le (kobotcitca'kali, Barrett, 237, 1908). Village on ridge west of south Fork Gualala River about 4 mile north of Plantation.-CIM. Kah-chi'-ah. Coast tribe extending from 4 or 5 miles south of the mouth of Gualala River southerly to about 4 miles south of mouth of Russian River. Their name for themselves. -CHM. See also Kacaya, Kashia, Kah-shi-yah, Cashia. Kah-joo'-saah-mah'-le (kadjitsa'mali, Barrett 1908). Village on coast 2 mile south of Blacks Point coast of Mendocino Co.-CHM. Camp site 1 mile south (Barrett, 233, 1908). Kah'-le-choo-mi-al (kaletcui'maial, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge southeast of Plantation and about 1+ mile southeast of Tah-nahm' (Barrett, 237, 1908). Kah'-le-mah-lah'-to (kalemala't1, Barrett 1908). Village 2 mile north of Charles Rule Ranch house and Iy mile north of Russian River mouth (Barrett, 231, 1908). Kah-leo'-shah (kale'wica, Barrett, 227, 1908). Kahchi'ah name for their former village on ridge between heads of North and Middle Forks on ridge across from Wickersham's place and Rancheria Creek. Told me by members of the tribe.-CHM. Kah'-le shah-dim' (kaleca'dim, Barrett, 1908)o Village on ridge east of Gualala River a little farther south than Ahch-ah- she-nah-chah'-wah-le. Given me as 1*z mile north (south) of Kahchiah Reservation.-CHM. * mile southeast of Ahch- ah-she-nah-chah'-wah-le and 41 miles due west of Po'to1 (Barrett, 236, 1908). 51 Kah-lin'-dah (kali'nda, Barrett, 229, 1908). Village about 4 mile north of Blacks Point. -CHM. Kah-pah-she'-nahl (kapa'lcnal, Barrett 1908). Village about 2 mile north of Fisks Mill.-CHM. 2 miles north (Barrett, 230, 1908). Kah'-se-le (ka'sile, Barrett, 227, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) on ridge near head of Wolf Creek.-CHM. Kah-shi'-yah. Boyah and Yokiah pronunciation for Kahchi'ah (which see). Kah-tah'-kah (kata'ka, Barrett 1908). Village 1 mile northeast of Charles Rule Ranch house (Barrett, 231, 1908). Kaht'-mah-je (Kaht'-mah-che, ka'tmatcl, Barrett, 226, 1908). Village at junction Middle Fork with main Gualala River. Probably We'-shah' chum'-mi.-CHM. Kaht-sah'-nos-mah (katsa'nosma, Barrett). Village on ridge between headwaters Warm Springs Creek and those of Middle Fork Gualala River 2 miles north-northwest of Leppo's dairy, which is at summit of ridge on road leading from Russian River Valley, to Stewart's Point (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 220, 1908). Kah-wah'-chan-nah (Kawatca'nno, Barrett 1908). Former village (or camp) on Dixon's place on top high ridge (main divide) on Healdsburg Road, 19 miles easterly from Kahchiab Reservation. Eastern limit Kahchiah tribe. On the east is the Dry Creek tribe, Shah-kow'-we chum'mi.-CHM. At Leppo's dairy (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 224, 1908). Kah-wahml'-chah el'-le (kawamtca'el;, Barrett 1908). Village immediately west of Lee Nobles.-CHM. On flat west of Nobles barn (Barrett, 225, 1908). Kah'-wah-t51. See A-kow'-wah-tol. Rancheria on point on south side of mouth of Russian River; the inhabitants called Kah-wah-tol-bah-ka'-cha-mah. Visited by me Aug. 19, 1905.-CHM. Kajatschim. Tribe in Russian River Valley north of Fort Ross (Kostromitonow, Beitrage Russischen Reiches, I, 80, 1839; Bancroft, after Kostromitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, 449, 1874). kaleca'dim. See Kah'-le shah-dim'. 52 kalemala'to. See Kah'-le-mah-lah'-to. kale'wica. See Kah-leo'-shah. kali'nda. See Kah-lin'-dah. kaletcu'maial. See Kah'-le-choo-mi-al. kapa'cinal. See Kah-pah-she'-nahl. ka'sile. See Kah'-se-le. Kashia. Tribe at Stewarts Point (Oakland, Calif., Tribune, Oct. 3, 1926). See Kahchiah. kata'ka. See Kah-tah'-kah. Katsa'n5sma (Barrett 1908). See Kaht-sah-n5s-mah. kawamtca'eli. See Kah-wahm'-chah el'-le. kawatca'nn5 (Barrett). See Kah-wah'-chan-nah. Ke-shah'-ye (kica'iyi, Barrett, 237, 1908). Village about -1 mile south of Plantation.-CHM. Khwakhamaiu. See also Kwakamayu. Khwakhamayu. See also Kwakamayu. Khwakhlamayu. See also Kwakamayu. Khwaklamayu. See also Kwakamayu. kica'iyi. See Ke-shah-l-ye. kobotcitca'kali. See Kah-bo'-che chah'kah-le. Ko'-lo-mah-'-le. Kahchiah village formerly at Cazadero.-CHM. Kom-chah-co'-chah-le (ko3mtc&b5'tcall, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge back of Fisks Mill.-CHM. Camp site 2j miles north of Fisks Mill (Barrett, 238, 1908). k55mtc5b5'tcalI. See K5m-chah-bo'-chah-le. Ko-we'-shal (k3wl'cal, Barrett, 229, 1908). Village at Blacks Point. -CHM. kowi'cal. See Ko-we'-shal. 53 Ku-lah'-te-o (Kula'tio, Barrett). (Possibly Shah-kow'-we chum'-mi). Old village (probably camp) on sunmit of ridge between headwaters of Warm Springs Creek and Middle Fork Qualala River, about 4 mile northwest of Leppo's dairy, on road between Russian River Valley and Stewarts Point on coast (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 221, 1908). Kvakhamaju. See also Kwakamayu. Kwakamyu. Name given by Russians to band of Kahchiah on coast north of Ft. Ross. Synonomy: Chvachamaja (Ludewig, Am. Aborig. Lang., 170, 1858); corrected in Errata to Chvachamaju; Chvachamayu (W.W. Turner, in Ludewig, Am. Aborig. Lang., 212, 1858); Chwachamaja (Ludewig, Am. Aborig. Lang., 170, 1858; corrected in Errata to Chwachamaju; Chwachamaju (Wragell, Ethnol. Nach. , 80, 1839; Kostromi- tonow, Beitrage Russischen Reiches, I, 80, 233, 1839; Ludewig, Am. Aborig. Lang., 258, 1858; corrected in Errata from Chwachamaja and Chvachamaja, p. 170; Buschmann, Die Spuren Aztekischen Sprache, Berlin, I, 568, 1859; Bancroft, Native Races Pacific States I, 449, 1874, III, 566, 648, 1875; "S.I. Colls, 414"; Powell, in Powers, Tribes of Calif., 493, 509-514, 515-517, 1877; Gatschet, Ind. Lang. Pacific States, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877; Wilh. Herzog, Verwandtschaft des Yumasprachstammes, Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, X, 457, 1878; Powell, Linguistic Families, 88, 1891; Barrett, after Powell, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 231, 1908); Chwachamayu (Wilh. Herzog, Verwandtschaft des Yumasprachs- tanmes, Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, X, 452, 1878); Khwakhamaiu (after Barrett, Handbook of Am. Indians, Pt. 1, 680-681, 1907); Khwakhamayu (Wilh. Herzog, Verwandtschaft des Yumasprachstammes, Zeitschr. fur Ethnologie, X, 450, 1878); Khwakhlamayu (Latham, after Baer's Beitrage, Proc. Philolog. Soc. London, VI, 79, 1854; Latham, Opuscula, 308, 1860); Khwaklamayu ("Latham, Trans. Philolog. Soc. London, 77, 1856", quoted by Powell, Linguistic Families, 87, 1891; Latham, Opuscula, 343, 1860); Kvakhamju (W.W. Turner, in Ludewig, Aborig. Lang., 239, 1858); See also E-rus-si, Venaambakaiia, Venaambakiia, Venaambakaia, Severnovski, Sewernowzer. La'-dah-mah'-le (ledamalli, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp southeast) just 2 miles south of Salt Point.-CHM. Lah'-lahk-kah (la'laka, Barrett 1908). Village 2+ miles south of Kahchiah Reservation (probably farther).-CHM. On east slope of ridge east of Gualala River (Barrett, 237, 1908). la'laka. See Lah-lahk-kah. 54 ledama'li. See La'-dah-mah'-le. lippuila'mma. See Kah-ba'-mah-le. Mad-shui-nui. Indian name for site of Fort Ross, `tsome 18 miles above Bodega Bay" (Bancroft, Hist. Calif. II, 298, 1885). Mad-shui-mui (R.A. Thompson, Russian Settlement in Calif., p. 4, 1896, also used Mad-shui-nui; Barrett, based on Thompson, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 231, 1908). Mah-bah'-te. Former village at Harm Nobles ranch, about 4 miles (air line) south of Taber Ranch.-CHM. Mah-cho'-ko (ma'tc5k5, Barrett, 238, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp on "Chas. Wilson ranch") on ridge just west of Gualala River 1 mile south of Sea View.-CHM. Mah-he'-lah chum'-mi. Band at Charley Haupt Ranch.-CHM. Erroneously called Po'-tol by Barrett.-CHM. Mahch -mo (ma'hmo, Barrett, 225, 1908). Village at Taber Ranch ("old John Fisk place") on north side Middle Fork Gualala River about 10 miles east of Black Point.-CHM. ch' ma'hmo. See Mah==-mo. Mah'-te-mah'-le (ma'timali, Barrett, 233, 1908). Village on coast (Barrett says camp) 2 miles south of Stewarts Point. -CHM. Mah-te'-we (mati'wi, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge between Middle Fork Gualala River and Haupt Creek (Barrett, 225, 1908). ma'tcoko. See Mah-cho'-ko. Ma'-te-ne (mete'nI, Barrett, 230, 1908). Village at Ft. Ross at some distance from shoreline.-CHM. ma'timalI. See Mah'-te-mah'-le. mati'wi. See Mah-te'-we. mete'ni. See Ma'-te-ne. Moo-chah'-we (mtitca'wi, Barrett, 236, 1908). Village on ridge east of Gualala River about 3 miles south of Kahchiah Rancheria.-CHM. mutca'wi. See Moo-chah'-we. 55 Nah-pah-ge-poo'-lak (napag;pu' lak, Barrett 1908). "Western Moquelumnanl" (=Olamentko) name for camp site 1 mile south of Duncan Point (Barrett, 235, 1908). Na-kah'-we (ne'kawi, Barrett 1908). Camp site on ridge east of Fuller Creek and 3 mile from junction with Middle Fork Gualala River (Barrett, 238, 1908). napagipu' lak. See Nah-pah-ge-poo'-lak. ne'kawi. See Na-kah'-we. oho'mtol. See 0-hum'-lol. 0-hum'-tol (oho'mtol, Barrett, 230, 1908). Village about 1* miles southeast of Stewarts Point, and just east of Doo'-we-mah'-chah el'-le.-CHM. Oo-koo-chawk' (iiktco'k, Barrett 1908). "Western Moquelumnan" (=Olamentko) name for camp site on coast 21 miles south of mouth of Russian River (Barrett, 234, 1908). 0-to-na" (5t5'noe, Barrett 1908). Village about -2 mile south of Timber Cove.-CHM. Near Folmer Gulch (Barrett, 230, 1908). 3t3'noe. See 0-to-ni". pacu'kitmawali. See Pah-shoo-kit'-mah-wah'-le. Pah-shoo-kit'-mah-wah'-le (pacui'kitmawall, Barrett, 233, 1908). Village 2 mile south of Stewarts Point.-CHM. Barrett says camp. Po-tol (pos'tol, Barrett 1908). Vulgar name (meaning venereal disease) given as name of rancheria at Charley Haupt Ranch (Barrett, 235, 1908). See Mah-he'-lah chum'mi. po'wicana. See Po-wish'-sha-nah'. Po-wish'-sha-nah (pt'wicana, Barrett 1908). Village 4 miles south of Ft. Ross.-CHM. On Walter Fisk Ranch (Barrett, 231, 1908). Se-a-pe'-nah-mah-che (seepiT' namatci, Barrett, 237, 1908). Village at Sea View.-CHM. seepi' namatc I . See Se-a-pe'-nah-mah-che. Severnovskia. (Bancroft, after Kostromitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, p. 449. 56 Severnovskia (Severnovzer). Ludewig, Aborig. Lang., 170, 1858. See also Kwakamayu. Sewernowzer (northerners). Russian name, used at Ft. Ross, for the Kwakamayu (Chwachamaju) (Barrett, after Powers, 231, 1908). Shah-pe'-to-me (capeto&me, Barrett). Camp near east bank main Gualala River about a mile northeast of Seaview (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 238, Feb. 1908). So-he'-e be'-dah (soho'ibida, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 2 mile north of Fisks Mill.-CHM. soho'ibida. See So-he'-e be'-dah. Soo-bah'-che-mah'-le (tsi-ba'tcemall, Barrett 1908). Village 1 mile northeast of Russian River mouth and 3 mile back from ocean. -CHM. Charles Rule Ranch house now on site (Barrett, 232, 1908). Sool-jo-too-mah'-le (suldjo'tumali, Barrett, 233, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 4 mile north of Stewarts Point.-CHM. Sool'-me-we (su'lmewl, Barrett, 230, 1908). Village on north shore of Timber Cove.-CHM. Soo'no (tsU'mnn, Barrett 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) in mountains north or northeast of Taber Ranch.-CHM. 1- miles northwest of Nobles (Barrett, 226, 1908). Soo-noo'-noo she-nal. Village on ridge at Stewarts Point.-CHM. See Dan-nah'-kah. See also dana'ga. suldj'o-tiumali. See Sool-jo-too-mah'-le. su'lmewi. See Sool'-me-we. tabatewi. See Tah-bah-ta-we. ta'dono. See Tah-do'-no. Tah'-bah-ta'-we (tabate'wt, Barrett, 230, 1908). Village at Fisks Mill.-CHM. Tah'-che be'-dah (ta'tcbida, Barrett, 234, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 1 mile north of Salt Point.-CHM. 57 Tah'ch-kah (ta'tcaka, Barrett 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) near Haupt Ranch.-CHM. 1 mile west of Haupt Ranch (Barrett, 239, 1908). Tah-choo'-mah-wah-le (tla'tciumawali, Barrett 1908). Village l- miles south of Kahchiah Reservation.-CHM. On ridge east of Gualala River about 2 miles southeast of Tah-do'-no. (Barrett, 237, 1908). Tah-do'-no (ta'd3no, Barrett 1908). Village on ridge east of Gualala River about 1 mile southeast of Chah-lahm-ke-o-mah'-le (tcala'mkiamal) (Barrett, 236, 1908). Tah'-nah-hetmo (ta'nahin5, Barrett, 238, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) on Gualala River 1-- miles north of Sea View.-CHM. Tah-nahm' (tanalm, Barrett, 237, 1908). Village on ridge east of Plantation (across Gualala River toward Austin Creek).-CHM. talaLu'pu. See Ah'-shah-chah'-te-oo, see also alca'tcat'iu. ta'nahimo. See Tah'-nah-he'-mo. tana'm. See Tah-nahm'. ta'tcaka. See Tah'ch-kah. ta'tcbida. See Tah'-che be'-dah. tla'tcumawali. See Tah-choo'-mah-wah-le. tcaikosado'tcani. See Chi-ko-sah-do'-chah-ne. tcala'mkiamali. See Chah-lahm'-ke-o-mah'-le tcala'ntcawi. See Chah-lahn'-chah-wi. tcalmonk3me. See Chah-mo'-kah-me. tcamu'ka. See Chah-moo'-kah. tcalpida (Barrett). See Chah'-pe-dah. tciko'bida. See Che-ko'-be-dah. tci'ti. See Che'-te. tcitl' bidakall. See Chi-te'-bi-dah-kah-le. tci'tono. See Che-to-naw-le. 58 tcumalti. See Choo-mah'-te. te'kalewi. See Tek'-kah-la'-we. Tekl-kah-la'-we (te'kalewiL, Barrett 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) on ridge 3 or 4 miles south of Kahchiah Reservation. -CHM. 1* miles southwest of Haupt Ranch (Barrett, 239, 1908). Ton-to-che-mah'-che (t5'nt5cimatcl, Barrett, 233, 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) 4- mile north of Stewarts Point.-CHM. t5'nt3cimatcl. See Ton-to-che-mah'-che. Too-le-kah-la'-yo (tiulekal-eyo, Barrett 1908). Village (Barrett says camp) close to (north of) Stewarts Point and 400 yards north of Chekobeda.-CHM. 1 mile northwest of Stewarts Point (Barrett, 233, 1908). Tsa-poo'-wil (tsapiu'wil, Barrett 1908). Village about 7 miles south-southeast of Kahchiah Reservation.-CHM. On mountains between head of Austin Creek and Gualala River about 3 miles southeast of Tah-nahm' (Barrett, 238, 1908). tsapii'wil. See tsa-poo'-wil. Tsoo-tahn-too-we (ts'llkantitcanawl, Barrett 1908). Village 1 mile north of Charles Rule Ranch house and 2 miles north of Russian River mouth (Barrett, 231, 1908).-CHM. ts?iba'tcemall. See Soo-bah'-che-mah'-le. Tsui'kantitcanawi. See Tsoo-tahn-too-we. tsu'nno. See Soo'-no. tiilekal1'y3. See Too-le-kah-la'-yo. k&iitco'k. See Oo-koo-chawk'. Venaambakaiia. Tribe about Ft. Ross (S.I. Colls. 334 & 364). Synonomy: Venaambakaiia (Powell, after Gov. J. Furujelm, in Cont. N.A. Ethnol. III, Power's Tribes Calif., 493, 1877; Handbook Am. Indians Pt. 1, 880, 1907); Venaambakaia (Error in quoting Powell's spelling, Hdbook Am. Inds., Pt. 2, p. 880, 1910); "Vanaambakiia"t (Wilh. Herzog, Verwandschaft des Yumassprachstamnes, Zeitschrift fur Ethnol. X, 457, 1878; spelt Venaambakiia on next page); See also Kwakamayu. 59 Walhalla. See Wahl-hahl'-lah (We'-shah chum'-mi list). See also Gualala. Wash-koo-pe'-nah. Village 3 miles north of mouth of Russian River.-CHM. Was'-sam-mo'-loo. Hoo'-koo-e'-ko and Olamentko name for band of Kah-chi'-ah Pomo at mouth of Russian River.-CHM. Yah-to'-yah. Word meaning 'our people', 'ourselves', applied to themselves by the Kah-chi'-ah of Stewarts Point (and doubtless also by other Kah-chi'-ah bands). Not in any sense a tribal or band name - though so misunderstood by me for some years.-CHM. See also Yutaya. Yapiam. An unidentified Pomo division living on Russian River (Barrett in Handbook Am. Inds., Pt. 2, p. 991, 1907). See also Japiam. May be We-shum' tat'tah. Yutaya (and Kacaya). "The people of Stewarts Point" (Edwin M. Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 194, Sept. 29, 1926). See Yah-to' -yah. 60 TRIBE LIST OF WE-SHUM' TAT'-TAH POMO We-shum' tat'-tah. Russian River tribe occupying Lytton Valley on west side of Alexander Valley, extending south over Santa Rosa plain from Healdsburg to Santa Rosa and Rincon Valley, and west to Sebastopol. Also referred to under the names Cainameros, Chujuluya, Callinomeros, Kanamaras - which see.-CHM. The We-shum' tat'-tah tribe comprises 4 subtribes: (1) O-so'-to chum'-mi of Lytton Valley; (2) Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi of Healdsburg Valley; (3) Bah-tin'- kah-le chow'-we (or Ba-tik'-lah-kah'-le chum'-mi) of Sebastopol region; (4) Me-dah-kah' chum'-mi of Santa Rosa (including We'-luk of Rincon Valley). aca'ben. See Ah-shah'-ben. Ah-kah-po-lo-po-lo-wah-ne (akapo'lopolowani, Barrett). Which see. Ah'-mah-mah'-kim ke-wah'-le. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for their big town on little hill on Middle Creek 1 mile west of county road to Guerneville (not far from bridge) and 3 miles from Healdsburg.-CHM. Synonomy: Ah-mah'-ti-e'-yu and Ah-mah- ti'-e-yu also used by members of tribe for this town.-CHM; amati'o (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908); See main list. Ah-mahl-poo-wahl'-le (amalpwa'li, Barrett). Village on west bank Russian River 1*1 miles down from Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, 1908). Ah-mah'-ti-e'-yu or Ah-mah-ti'-e-yu. See Ah'-mah-mah'-kim ke- wah'-le. Ah-mah-skah-che'-la'n (amaskatci' lan, Barrett). Village near foothills at east side Dry Creek Valley and 2 miles north- northeast of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Ah-shah'-ben (aca'ben, Barrett). Old Pomo village in Alexander Valley about a mile northeast of Lyttons station (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 272, Feb. 1908). Ah'-sho-bok'-ke esh'-mah or We-sah-bah-ke' atch-mah. Kah-chi'ah names for Healdsburg Pomo tribe.-CHM. See Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi synonomy. 61 Ah-kah-po'-1-po-1-wah-ni (akapo'lopolowani, Barrett). Village in Santa Rosa Valley 1+ miles southeast of Sebastopol on Sebastopol-Petaluma road (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, Feb. 1908). amalpuwa'li (Barrett). See Ah-mahl-poo-wah'-le. amaskatci'lan (Barrett). See Ah-mah-skah-che' -lahn. amati o. Old village near north bank of Mill Creek which enters Dry Creek near junction with Russian River. Site about 12 mile from Dry Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). See synonomy under Ah'-mah-mah'-kim ke-wah'-le. baca'klekaii (Barrett). See Bah-shah'-kle-kah-oo. bacakleno' nan (Barrett). See Bah-shah-kle-no'-nahn. Bah-kaht'-se-5 (ba'ka'ts!o, Barrett). Village just south of railroad depot at Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, Feb. 1908). Bah-num'-tah'-dah. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for closely related neighboring tribe or subtribe at Mark West and Santa Rosa. -CHM. See synonomy under Me-dah-kah' tum-mi. Bah-shah'-kle-kah-oo (baca'klekaiu, Barrett). Village 1 mile north of Healdsburg where Lyttons and Dry Creek roads come together (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Bah-shah-kle-nornahn (bacakleno'nan, Barrett). Village on J.W. Calhoun ranch near east bank Russian River 21 miles a little north of west of Windsor (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). Bah-tik'-la chow'-we, Ba-tik'-lah kah'-le chum'-mi or Bah-tin'- kah-le chow-we. We-shum' tat'-tah band and rancheria at Sebstopol.-CHM. Synonomy: batikletca'wi (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, Feb. 1908); batinkletca'wi (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 213, Feb. 1908); Batiklechawi (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 233, 1925); To-to-lah-go-chah (totolagotca, Barrett) (which see); Wah-teek-le-chow'-me (We'-chah-chum-mi name for Sebastopol tribe.-CHM). Be-doot-sah'-kah-la-yo (bld?itsa'kaleyo, Barrett). Village on west bank Russian River 4 mile down from junction of Dry Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Be-he-kah-oo-nah (behekaiuna, Barrett). Village on west bank Russian River 4 miles down from Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). 62 bidutsa'kaleyo (Barrett). See Be-doot-sah'-kah-la-yo. bohosole. Village in Santa Rosa valley on Sebastopol-Petaluma road probably 3 miles southeast of Sebastopol (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, Feb. 1908). Boo'-doo-che-lahn (bU'dUtcilan, Barrett). Village on north bank Russian River, about 5- miles up from Guerneyville not far down stream from junction of Markwest Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). Boo'-tah-kah-chah-to-kah-ni (bu' takatcatokani, Barrett). Village in Santa Rosa Valley on Sebastopol-Petaluma road, 2j. miles southeast of Sebastopol (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, Feb. 1908). Boot-swah'-le (biitswa'li, Barrett). Village in Santa Rosa valley on west bank Laguna de Santa Rosa 1 mile from northern extremity (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). bf'ditcIlan (Barrett). See Boo'-doo-che-lahn. bu'takatcatokani (Barrett). See Boo'-tah-kah-chah-to-kah-ni. buitswa'li (Barrett). See Boot-swah'-le. Cacaa. Rancheria mentioned 5 times (Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, Original MSS, 1824-1837, Bancroft Library). Probably same as Lihuancacaa-Yomi. Can this be same as Cala Cala? Cainamero. Name spelled in various ways by Spanish and other writers, used for the We-shum' tat'-tah tribe. Synonomy: Cainamero (S. Vallejo, Ancient Days in Calif., 98, MS., Bancroft Libr., 1874); Cainameros, Caynameros (Jose de Jesus Vallejo, Reminis. de Calif., MS., Bancroft Libr., 136, 146, 1874); Cainemero Indians, Cainameros (M.G. Vallejo, MS., Hist. Calif., Vol. 3, 21-27, Bancroft Libr., 1875); Cainameros, Caynameros (Tribe in Santa Rosa Region, Jose Fernandez, Cosas de Calif., 87, 91, MS., Bancroft Libr., 1875, or 1876); Cainameros (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., IV, 71, 72, 1886); Cainameros (See also Chujuluya ref. Libro Bautismos, Mision San Francisco Solano, Sonoma, MSS., Bancroft Libr.); "Cainameros or Santa Rosas" (Tom Gregory, Hist. Sonoma County, p..54, Los Angeles, 1911); Cainameros (J.B. Alvarado, Ms., Hist. Calif., Vol. 3, 33, no date); Cainemeros (Robert A. Thompson, after Amorosa, Hist. and Descr. Sketch, Sonoma County, Calif., p. 70, Phila., 1877); Camirnres, misprint for Canimares (Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 400, 1874); Canimares (Taylor, Calif. Farmer, Vol. XIII, No. 4, Mar. 2, 1860); Caynama' (M.G. Vallejo, Hist. Calif., vol. 1, p. 145, MS., 63 Cainamero. Synonomy: Continued. Bancroft Libr., 1875); Caynamero (A. Pinart, after Book of Baptisms, Mission San Rafael, 1818-1839, MS. Copy, Bancroft Libr., 1878); Caynameros, Cainameros (Jose de Jesus Vallejo, Reminiscencias Hist. de Calif., MS., Bancroft Libr., pp. 136, 141, 1874); Caynameros, Gallinameros (M.G. Vallejo, Hist. Calif., Vol. 3, p. 84, MS., Bancroft Library); Caynameros, Cainameros (Jose Fernandez, Cosas de Calif., pp. 87, 91, MS., Bancroft Library, 1876, or 1875). caka'kmo (Barrett). See Shah-kahk'-mo. Cala-Cala. Rancheria mentioned once (Book of Baptisms, San Francisco Solano, Original MSS., 1824-1837, Bancroft Libr. Can this be same as Cacaa and Lihuancacaa-Yomi? Canitsua. "Techo, chief of Canitsua and Livantolomi"l, (Book of Baptisms, Mission San Rafael, 1818-1839, MS copy, A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878). Casi-Lamma, Yomi. Rancheria of "Nacion Chujuluya vulgo Cainameros" mentioned once (Book of Baptisms, San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MSS., Bancroft Library). catca l1(Barrett). See Shah-chah'-le. catinen (Barrett). See Shah-te-nen. Cauyomi. See synonomy under Gualomi. Cha'-cha-wah-ni (tce'tcewani, Barrett). Village at north end of Santa Rosa Lagoon, just west of where it flows into Mark West Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). Can this be same as Chicheyomi? Che-hla'-ton (tclLe'ton, Barrett). Village on west shore of Santa Rosa Lagoon, 31 miles from north end (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 223, 1908). Chel-hel'-le (Barrett). Geographic name used by Kah'-tah-we chummi of Healdsburg for Alexander Valley.-CHM. Barrett gives tcelhe'lle as old Pomo village in Alexander Valley about w mile northeast of Russian River bridge and 54 miles northeast of Healdsburg (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 271, Feb. 1908). See also Ko'-te-sho-mo-tah (ktlco-mota, Barrett) by the Yukean Mishawel. 64 Chicheyomi. Rancheria mentioned repeatedly in books of Sonoma Mission. Written Chicheyomi 20 times, Chichayomi once (Books of Mission San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MSS, Bancroft Library). Can this be Barrett's tce'tcewani? Synonomy: Chichoyomi ('Tribe', Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, Footnote 506, 1885); Chickoyomi ('Tribe', Tom Gregory, after Solano Mission Records, History Sonoma Co., p. 52, Los Angeles, 1911). Chujuluya. Name spelled in various ways in Books of Mission San Francisco Solano at Sonoma, Original MSS, 1824-1837, Bancroft Library for the We-shum'-tat'-tah tribe. Written "Nacion Chujuluya, vulgo Cainameros", "Nacion Chujuluye" and "Nacion Chuculuya", also Chujuya in Book of Baptisms, San Rafael Mission, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Ban- croft Library, 1878. cl'mela (Barrett). See She'-ma-lah. cl3hUtmS'k3ni (Barrett). See She-o-hoot-mo'-ko-ne. ciyo'le (Barrett). See She-yo'-le. cut'ak5wi (Barrett). See Shoo'-tah-ko-we. cutatwani (Barrett). See Shoo-tah'-wah-ne. Cotiyomi. Rancheria mentioned once (Book of Baptisms of Mission San Rafael, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878). So-to-yo-me. Da'-le-mah (de'lema, Barrett). Village west of Russian River and 2 miles north of junction of Markwest Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, 1908). djelheldjiseka'ni (Barrett). See Jel-hel-je-se-kah-ni. dj6'pten (Barrett). See J6p'ten. E-yo'-ko chum'-mi. Mah'-kah-mo, of Cloverdale Valley, name for Healdsburg tribe, whose proper name is Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi. Called Yo'-ke by the Potter Valley Po-mo'-ke-chah'.-CHM. See Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi synonomy. gaiye'tcin (Barrett). See Gi-ye-chin. 65 Gallinomero. Name spelled in various ways by Spanish and other writers, for We'-shum' tat'-tah tribe. Synonomy: Galinomero (Bancroft, Nat. Races, III, 644, 1875; spelled Gallinomero elsewhere in chapter); Gallinanro, error for Gallinomero (G. Wharton James, Calif. Indian Herald, p. 6, Feb. 1924); Gallinameros (Caynameros incorrectly called Gallinameros by H.H. Bancroft in Nat. Races; M.G. Vallejo, Hist. Calif., Vol. 3, p. 84, MS, Bancroft Library); Gal-li-no-me-ro (Powers, Overland Monthly, IX, 498, Dec. 1872); Gal-li-no-me'-ro (Powers, Tribes Calif., p. 174, 1877; Vocab. 491, 494-502); Gallinomero dialect (Bancroft, Nat. Races, III, 644-646, 1875; numerals and gram atical remarks); Gallinomero (Tribe of Kulanapan family; Powell Linguistic Families, p. 88, 1891); Gallinomeros (Bancroft, Nat. Races, Vol. I, map opp. po 322, pp. 362, 372, 386, 390, 449, after Powers, 1874; Ibid, Vol. III, 643, 1875); Gallinomeros (Gatschet, after Bancroft, Ind. Language, Mag. Am. Hist., Vol. I, 162, 1877); Gallinomeros or Yokiah Indians at Hopland (Enos Brown, Sci. Am., July 3, 1897); Gallinomeros ("Keane, App. Stanford's Comp., Cent. and So. Am., 476, 1878", quoted by Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 87, 1891); Gallinomeros (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, 2d ed., 7, 1902); Gallinomero (Handbook, Am. Indians, Pt. I, pp. 482-483, 1907); Gallinamero (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 287, Sept. 29, 1926); Gallynomeros (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, Land of Sunshine, p. 442, Dec. 1901; spelled Gallinomeros in Reprint, p. 7, 1902); Gynomehro (Dixon, Preliminary Bulletin Census 1910; Indian Population, p. 16, pub. June 26, 1913; also Census of Indian Population U.S. and Alaska, 1910, pp. 89, 139, 1915). Gi-ye'-chin (gaiye'tcin, Barrett). Old village in Alexander Valley about a mile north of Lyttons station (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 272, 1908). Gualomi. Rancheria, called by Spaniards Santa Rosa de Lima, at or near Santa Rosa. 134 Indians. Spellings in Book of Baptisms, San Rafael Mission, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878; Cauyomi, "Gualomi called Santa Rosa de Lima" (Gualomi occurs 41 times), Guelomi, Guayomi, Jauyomi (20 times; Chief "Casi"), "Jauhiomi are people of different language". Guapa Indians, Guapos (Wappos). Spanish name for Yukean Miyahkmah, used erroneously for So-to-yo'-me. See synonomy under So-to-yo-me. Gui'-loc. See We'-lok 66 Hah-che-lan (hatcilan, Barrett). Village on ranch formerly called "Lewis Ranch" east of Russian River 21 miles west-southwest of Windsor (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). hee'man. Village near west bank Russian River 2x miles south of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Hel-wah-mah-shan (helwamre'can, Barrett). Village on west bank Russian River 4- miles down from Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 217, Feb. 1908). Hoo-kah-be-tah-we (hukabet'awi, Barrett). Village on south bank Santa Rosa Creek near depot of Calif. Northweste m Ry in Santa Rosa (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). Huilantuliyami. Rancheria in vicinity of Santa Rosa, mentioned in 1823. Thought to be identical with Libantiliyami (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, 506 ftnote, 1885). See also Libantiliyami in synonomy under Levantolomee. Huiluc, Huilic. See We'-lok. hikabeta'wI (Barrett). See Hoo-kah-he-tah'-we. Japiam. Tribe in Russian Valley or north of Fort Ross (Kostro- mitonow, Beitrage Russiachen Reiches, I, 80, 1839). May be Kah-chi'-ah. See also Yapiam, (Bancroft, after Kostro- mitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, p. 449, 1874). Jauyomi, Jauhiomi. See Gualomi. Jel-hel-je-se-kah'-ni (djelheldjlseka'ni, Barrett). Old Pomo village in Alexander Valley (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 271, 1908). See also Pe-po-hol'-mah. Jop'-ten (djo'pten, Barrett). Old village on "Brumfield Ranch" on east bank of Russian River almost opposite junction of Dry Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Juiluc. See We'-lok. kabe'ton (Barrett). See Kah-ba-ton. kabetci'uwa (Barrett). See Kah-be-che'-oo-wa. ka'bekadogani (Barrett). See Kah'-be-kah-do-gah-ne. kacl'ntul (Barrett). See Kah-shen'-too-e. 67 Kah-ba'-ton (kabe'ton, Barrett). Village near east bank Dry Creek 21 miles north-northeast of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Kah-be-che-oo-wa (kabetciuwa, Barrett). Village in Santa Rosa valley in east of Santa Rosa town a mile from Hoo-kah-be- tah-we (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). Kah'-be-kah-do-gah-ne (ka'bekadogani, Barrett). Village on 'Hopper Ranch' just west of bridge over Dry Creek on road from Healdsburg down west bank Russian River (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Kah-laht-ken (kalatken, Barrett). Village on former J.D. Dow Ranch on west bank Russian River 44 miles south of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pom, 215, 1908). Kah'-le, Kol'-le or Kul-le' (ka'le, Barrett). Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for their large rancheria, the site of which is covered by the present town of Healdsburg.-CHM. Barrett locates it on the Healdsburg plaza (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, 1908). Kah-shen'-too-e (kacI'ntuii, Barrett)0 Village on west shore Santa Rosa Lagoon, 21 miles northwest of Sebastopol known as Allen's hopyards (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, 1908). Kahp-ten (kapten, Barrett). Village on west shore Santa Rosa Lagoon 2 miles from north extremity (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, 1908). Kah'-tah-we or Kah'-to-e (ka'towi, Barrett). Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi (of Healdsburg) name. for their old village on Kah'-tah-we pond 14 or 2 miles south of Healdsburg, on east side of highway. Tribe named for this pond. Healdsburg rancherias and Indians often referred to as So'-t-yo'-mes.-CHM. See synonomy under So'-to-yo'-me. See also kRtowi. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi. Subtribe of We-shum' tat'-tah centering in Healdsburg Valley on Russian River and extending from Lytton Valley on the north to Mark West Creek on the south, and following Russian River westerly to a little below Guerneville where their territory adjoins that of the Kah-chi'-ah.-CHM. Synonomy: Katch'-ah-we chum'-mi (We'-sha tum'-mi pronunciation; see Katch'-ah-we chum'-mi in main list); Ah-sho-bok'-ke esh'-mah and We-sah-bah-ka' atch-mah (Kah-chi'ah names; see in main list); E-yo'-ko chum'-mi (Mah'-kah-mo name; see in main list); 0-nah-chil'-ish 68 Kah' -tah-we chum' -mi. Synonomy: Continued. (6nnatst'lic, Barrett; Mi-yah'-kah-mah name; See 0-nah-chil- ish in main list; see also onnatsilic); So-to-yo-me (Name used by Le-kah'-te-wut of Petaluma for old rancheria and people at Healdsburg. Published under various spellings by many authors as village and band name,-and also by some erroneously as tribal name.-CHM. See synonomy under So-to- yo'-me in main list). Kah'-to-e. See Kah'-tah-we. Kah-wah'-me-o (kawa'rnio, Barrett). Village 1l miles east-southeast of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, Feb. 1908). Kah'-we-kah-we (ka'wikawi, Barrett). Village near east bank Russian River 23 miles a little east of South of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Kainamare, Kainomero, Kaina-meah. See Kan-a-ma'-ra. Kajatschim. Tribe in Russian River Valley north of Fort Ross (Kostromitonow, Beitrage Russischen Reiches, I, 80, 1839; Bancroft, after Kostromitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, 449, 1874). May be Kachi'ah. kala'tken (Barrett). See Kah-laht'-ken. ka'le (Barrett). See Kah'-le. Ka'pten (Barrett 1908). See Kahp'-ten. Kan-a-ma-ra. Name spelled in various ways by Spanish and other writers, for the We-shum' tat'-tah tribe. Synonomy: Kainama (Kostromitonow, 'Steppen-Indianer', Beitrage Russis- chen Reiches, Vol. I, p. 80, 1939); "Kai-na-me'ah or Kai-na- me'-ro" (Spanish pronunciation "Kai-na-me'-ro"; Gibbs, Schoolcraft, Vol. III, 102, 1853); Kai-no-me'ah (Gibbs, Schoolcraft, Vol. III, 112, 1863); Kainama (Bancroft, after Kostromitonow, Nat. Races, Vol. I, p. 449, 1874); "Kaina- mares or Kainame'ahs" (Bancroft, after Gibbs, spelling not exact, Nat. Races, Vol. I, 449, 1874); Kainamares (Bancroft, Nat. Races, Vol. I, map opp. p. 322, 1874); Kainamare (Bancroft, Nat. Races, Vol. III, p. 566, 1875); Kainomero (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 213-214 footnote, 1908); Kanamara (Kanimares, Kanimarres, Canimares (Taylor Calif. Farmer, March 30, 1860; see also Canimares under Cainamara); Kanimares (Bancroft, Nat. Races, Vol. I, p. 362, 449, after Taylor, 1874; Ibid, after Taylor, Vol. III, p. 648, 1875); Kan-a-ma'-ra (Marriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of 69 Kan-a-ma-ra. Synonomy: Continued. Calif., Amer. Anthropologist, NS IX, p. 352, June 1907; see also Ki'-e-nam'-mah; In 1904 and 1905 the Hoo-koo-e'-ko and 0'-lah-ment'-ko gave me the name as Ki'-e-nah'-mah and Ki'-e-nam'-mah.-CHM); Kianamaras (Austin Wiley, Rept. Commr. Ind. Affrs. for 1864, 119, 1865); Ki'-e-nam'-mah (Name used by Bodega Bay Olamentko for tribe on Sebastopol-Santa Rosa plain; CHM, MS, Aug. 1905.-CHM); Ki-e'-nah'-mah and Ki-e'-nah-mah'-ko (Name for Sebastopol-Santa Rosa tribe used by Tomales Bay Hoo'-koo-e'-ko; CHM, MS, Aug. 1, 1905.- CHM); Ki'-nah-ma-rah (see Kan'-a-ma-rah); Kyanamara (Tribe on Russian River below the Canyon, Sonoma County; H.L. Ford in Rept. Commr. Ind. Affrs. for 1856, p. 257, 1856); Kyanamaras (Bancroft, Nat. Races, Vol. I, p. 499, 1874). Katch'-ah-we chum'-mi. We'sha-tum'mi name for Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi synonomy. ka'towi. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 217, Feb. 1908). See Kah'- tah-we. Kol'-le. See Kah'-le. Ko-lo'-ko (kolo'ko, Barrett). Rancheria near (a short 2 mile north of) Jimtown in Alexander Valley, on east side Russian River, 4l miles northeast of Healdsburg. Village of 0-so'-to chum'-mi before the Miyakma war.-CHM. Barrett says about 2 miles east-southeast of Healdsburg (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, 1908). Barrett also gives name to another location on northeast bank Russian River about 31 miles northeast of Lyttons station (Ibid, 272, 1908). Kon-hom tat'-tah. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for Guerneville band of We-shum' tat'-tah.-CHM. Ko'-te-sho-mo-tah (k5'tico5mota, Barrett). "Wappo" (Miyahmah) name given to the old Pomo village tcelhel'le after the Pomo-Wappo war (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 271, Feb. 1908). See also Chel-hel'-le. Kul'-le. See Kah'-le. Levantolome (Livancacayomi). Rancheria on west side of Santa Rosa Lagoons, 5 or 6 miles north of Sebastopol.-CHM. Synonomy: Huilantuliyami, Libantiliyami (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, 506, 1885); Libantone (Taylor, Calif. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861); Libantone (Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 453, 1874); Libantone (After Taylor, Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. I, p. 765, 1907); Libantiliyami (Visited by Arguello in 70 Levantolome. Synonomy: Continued. 1821; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, 448-449, 1885; footnote after Ordaz MS Diary); Libantilogomi (Hittell, Hist. Calif., I, 496, 1885); Libantiloquemi or Libantiloyami (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., Vol. II, 498 footnote, 1885); Lihuancacaa Yomi (Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, Original MSS, 1824-1837; Probably same as Cacaa and Cala Cala); Livan- cacayomi (San Rafael Mission Book, 1817-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878); Livantolomi, Livantalomi, Livantoloyomi (San Rafael Mission Book, 1818, 1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878); Livantonome (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, 597 footnote, 1885); Livantuli Yomi (Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, Original MS., Bancroft Library); Livantuliquini (M.G. Vallejo, letter to Gov. Figueroa, May 6, 1833, MSS Bancroft Library, 2:143); Livan- tuyolomi (J.M. Amador, Exped. prior to 1823, Memorias sobre Historia Calif., MS, Bancroft Library, p. 49, 1877). Libantone. See Levantolome synonomy. Libantiliyami, Libantiloyami or Libantiloquemi. See Levantolome. Libantilogomi. See Levantolome. Lihuancacaa Yomi. See Levantolome. Livancacayomi. See Levantolome. Livantolomi, Livantalomi, Livantoloyomi. See Levantolome. Livantonome. See Levantolome. Livantuli-Yomi, Livantuliquini, Livantuyolomi. See Levantolome. Loole (luli, Barrett). Village on 'Millar Ranch' on east bank Dry Creek 11 miles northwest of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Loo-men-tah-kah-lah (lumentakala, Barrett). Village indefinitely located by Barrett "in hills forming the divide between the Sonoma and Santa Rosa Creek drainages, and at a point probably a short distance south of the Pomo-Moquelumnan interstock boundary" (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 314, 1908). May have been Lekahtewut Mewan. Mah-kahs'-mo (maka'smo, Barrett). Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi (of Healdsburg) name for their rancheria between Russian River and Kah'-tah-we lagoon, about a quarter of a mile west of the lagoon, and 1+ or 2 miles south-of Healdsburg.-CHM. Barrett says near house of G.D. Grauton, east bank Russian River (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). 71 Mah-lah-lah-chah'-hle (malalatca'Li, Barrett). Old Pomo village in Alexander Valley about 1 mile north of Lyttons Station (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 272, Feb. 1908). Mah-se-kah-wah'-ne (masIkawa'ni, Barrett). Village near west shore of Santa Rosa Lagoon, lA miles west-northwest of Sebastopol on Sebring ranch (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 223, Feb. 1908). maka'smo (Barrett). See Mah-kahs'-mo. malalatca'Li (Barrett). See Mah-lah-lah-chah'-hle. masikawa'ni (Barrett). See Mah-se-kah-wah' -ne. Me'-dah-kah tum'-mi, Me'-dah-kah' chum'mi. Santa Rosa branch of We'-shum tat'-tah tribe, extending north to Mark West Creek, and including We'-luk (or We'-lok) of Rincon Valley immed- iately east and northeast of Santa Rosa. Their name for themselves.-CHM. Synonomy: Bah-nom-tah'-dah (Kah'-tah- we chum' -mi name for Me dah Kahl' chum' mi). Mo'-dam'-mon. Old Kah'-tah-we chum mi rancheria at mouth of gulch about a mile east of highway and a mile north of Mark West Creek. Ridge, canyon, and creek bore same name, and belonged to Santa Rosa tribe. Another rancheria of same name was on north side of Santa Rosa Creek opposite the old Mark West adobe, which was on the south side of the creek 1/8 mile east of present highway bridge (Mark West Creek bridge). The Indians moved from one site to the other according to seasons (Santa Rosa tribe). Mo-kos. Old rancheria on site of Geyserville before the Miyakma- Mishawel war by means of which the Miyakma extended their domain over the eastern edge-of the We-shum' tat'-tah of Alexander Valley.-CHM. Said by old Kah-chi'-ah woman at mouth of Russian River to be at Guerneville.-CHM. See also She-yo-le ciyole and Mo-kosh-pa-oo-loo (Mokocpeulu). Mo-kosh-pa-oo-loo (Moko'cpeuliu, Barrett). At Guerneville. See Mokos. See also She-yo'-fe. Moo-kah-ko-chah'-hle (mukakotca'LI, Barrett). Old village at northeast foot of Fitch Mountain and 1* miles northeast of Healdsburg (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). mukakotca'Li. See Moo-kah-ko-chah'-hle. 72 -n Mus-sa'ko (Mus-ha= ko'-we). Former Kah'-tah-we chumni rancheria at forks of road 4+ miles south of Healdsburg (Wauneta -gas station there now) where ranch road to Russian River leaves State Highway. The old rancheria was west of Highway and east of the other road (in fork between). "Nacion Chujuluya" (vulgo Cainameros). See synonomy under Chujuluya. 0-nah-chil' -ish. Mi-yahl' -kah-mah name for Kah'-to-we chum' -mi tribe at Healdsburg on Russian River. Given me in 1905 by old Mi-yah-kah-mah man.-CHM. 0-naht-se'-lish (Onnatsi'lic, Barrett). (Miyak'mah) name for Pomo inhabitants of cI'mela in Alexander Valley, on Russian River (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 265 footnote, 1908). See 0-nah-chil'-lish. Qo'-pah-wah-ne (u'pawani, Barrett). Village on 'Thompson Ranch' 1 mile west of Dry Creek and X mile north of Mill Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, Feb. 1908). Oo-pah-wah'-ni (upanawi, Barrett). Village on 'Miller Ranch' a mile east of Russian River and 23 miles southwest of Windsor (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, 1908). 0-so'-chah. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for rancheria in gap just west of present railroad station Lytton. Principal village of 0-so'-to chum'-mi.-CHM. 0-so'-to chum'-mi. Kah'-tah-we chum-mi name for Lytton Valley division of We-shum' tat'-tah. Before the war with the Miyakma the 0-so'-to chum'-mi were the original Alexander Valley tribe.-CHM. 0-so-yi. Name used by Mah'-kah-mo chum'-mi of Cloverdale Valley for the 0-so'-to chum'-mi.-CHM. ossoko'wi. Pomo name for their village in Alexander Valley about 5 miles northeast of Healdsburg. This village was taken by the Mi-yahl'-kah-mah and the name changed to She'-ma-lah (ci'mela) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 271, Feb. 1908). See also She'-nia-lah. Otsimtata. See "Sotiyomi or Otsimtata" in synonomy under So-to'- yo-me. Pe-po-hol'-mah (ptpZh5'lma, Barrett). Wappo name for old Pomo village djelheldjisekani in Alexander Valley, 4 mile upstream from Geyserville bridge (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 271, 1908). 73 Potriqui-Yomi (Potriquillome). Rancheria of "Nacion Chujuluya (vulgo Cainameros)" (Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, Original MSS, 1824-1837, Bancroft Library). Santa Rosa de Lima. See Gualomi. Santa Rosas. See "Cainameros or Santa Rosas' in Cainamero synonomy. Satayomi. See synonomy under So-to-yo-me. Satiyomes, Satiyomi, Satiyomies. See synonomy under So-to-yo-me. Shah-chahl-le (catca'll, Barrett). Village near east bank Dry Creek 3* miles up from Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, 1908). Shah-kahk'-mo (cakalkmuS, Barrett). Village on west shore Santa Rosa Lagoon 3 miles from north end (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, 1908). Shah-te'-nen (catinen, Barrett)0 Village near west bank Russian River 3* miles south of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 216, 1908). She'-ma-lah (ci'mela, Barrett). Village of 'Wappo' (Mish'-sha-wel) on northeast bank of Russian River about 5 miles northeast of Healdsburg. Originally occupied by Pomo who called it 5ss5k5'wl (which see) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 265, 271, Feb. 1908). See also Simela. She-o-hoot-mo'-ko-ne (ciohu'koni, Barrett). Village 1* miles east of Russian River and 1* miles north of Markwest Creek, probably on White and Wilson's ranch (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). She-yo'-le (c'y5'le, Barrett). Village at Guerneville, recent Indian Moko'cpeulu (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 214-215, 1908). Name of this village given me as Mo-kos by old Kah-chi'-ah woman at mouth of Russian River.-CHM. See Mo-kos. See also moko'cpieuil. Shoo'-tah-ko-we (cii'ta.k5wi, Barrett). Village on north bank Russian River in southeast part of Healdsburg (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, 1908). Shoo-tah'-wah-ne (ciuta'wani, Barrett). Village 2 miles northwest of Santa Rosa (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). Show-wah-ko tummi. Kah-tah-we chummi rancheria about a mile below Cuzzens on Dry Creek. Old 'dobe' house on rancheria site. 74 Simela. Rancheria (San Rafael Mission Book, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878). May be same as Tamalsimela in same book. See also She'-nia-lah (ct'mela, Barrett). So'-de-ah. Bo-yah name for tribe at Santa Rosa and Healdsburg. The Healdsburg Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi consider the Santa Rosa tribe as distinct and call it Bah-num'-tah'-dah. But members of the Santa Rosa tribe tell me their tribal name is Me-dah-kah chum'mi.-CHM. Soteomelos. See synonomy under So'-to-yo'-me. Sotiyomi. See synonomy under So'-to-yo'-me. So-to-yo-me. Name used by Le-kah'-te-wut of Petaluma for old rancheria and people at Healdsburg. Published under various spellings by many authors as village and band name, and also used by some (erroneously) as tribal name.-CHM. Synonomy: ?Cotiyomi (See in main list); Satayomi, tsatiyomi ('Tribe', Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MSS, Bancroft Library); Satayomi (Village, Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, 506, 1885); Satayomi (Village, Handbook Am. Indians, after Barrett, Pt. 2, p. 470, 1910); Satiyomis or Sotoyomes (Generally known as Guapos or "braves", Bancroft, Hist. Calif., IV, 72, 1885; Error, the Guapos are Yukean); Satiyomi (Enemies of Indians in vicinity of Sonoma in 1834; Salvador Vallejo, Narrative of Ancient Days in Calif., 85, MS, Bancroft Library, 1874); Satiyomies (Spelling by Salvador Vallejo, Origen de los Indios de Calif., MS Bancroft Library, 5, 1875); "Satiyomies nicknamed Guapa Indians" (M.G. Vallejo, Hist. Calif., 3:18, MS, 1875, Bancroft Library; Error, Guapa are Yukean); Satiyomies (Tribe; M.G. Vallejo, Hist. Calif., 3:22-27; Ibid, 1:11); Satiyomi (Ibid, 1:9; MS Bancroft Library, 1875); Satiyomi, Satiyomies (Tribe at Santa Rosa, chief Succara; Jose' Feniandez, Cosas de Calif., pp. 46, 87, 88, 91, 92-94, MS, Bancroft Library, 1876; Error in place); Satiyomes (Tribe under Sucarra, chief; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., III, footnote 257, 360, 1885); Satiyomies (Spelling in J.B. Alvarado's MS, History Calif., Vol. 3, p. 33, no date); "Sotiyomi or Otsimtata" (Rancheria; San Rafael Mission Book 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878); "Soteomelos or Yapos (braves; or probably Sotoyomos is the more correct name; Tom Gregory, History of Sonoma Co., p. 52, Los Angeles, 1911; Error, Yapos or Guapos are Yukean); Sotoyome (Bancroft, after Alvarado, Hist. Calif., Vol. II, p. 299, footnote, 1885); "Sotoyome rancho, now Healdsburg" (Bancroft, Hist. Calif., Vol. II, p. 689, 1885); Sotoyomes (Tribe; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., Vol. III , 722, 1885; Ibid, Vol. IV, p. 74, 1886); 75 So-to-yo-me. Synonomy: Continued. Sotoyomi Indians (Bancroft, after Vallejo, Hist. Calif., Vol. IV, p. 678, 1886); Sotoyome (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218-219, 1908); Sotoyome Rancho (Barrett, after Bower's "Map of Sonoma County"l, 1882; Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 219 footnote, 1908); "Sotoyomi" (People; Barrett, after Engelhardt, 1897, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 219, 1908); Sotoyomos, Soteomelos or Yapos (braves; See Soteomelos); ?Suluyomi (See Suluyomi in main list); Tsatiyomi, Satayomi (Tribe; Book of Mission San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MSS, Bancroft Library). Suluyomi. Rancheria between Bodega and Santa Rosa (M.G. Vallejo, Letter to Gov. Figueroa, May 6, 1833, Documentos para la Historia de Calif., MSS, 2:143, 1833-1834, Bancroft Library). Can this be same as So-to-yo-me? Tah-ko'-kah-le-we (tak5'kalewl, Barrett). Village at or near Lyttons Springs, about a mile west of Lyttons (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 220, Feb. 1908). Tahui-Yomi. Rancheria of "Nacion Chujuluya (vulgo Cainameros)"1 (Book of Mission, San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MS, Bancroft Library). tcelhe'lle (Barrett). See Chel-hel'-le. tcIL5'ton (Barrett). See Che-hla'-ton. Toh'-mah-kah-oo (t5'hrakai, Barrett). Village on north bank Markwest Creek where Fulton-Windsor road crosses (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). To-to-lah-gaw-chah (totolagotca, Barrett). Western Moquelumnan name for old Pomo village at Sebastopol (bati'kletcawi) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 213, Feb. 1908). See synonomy under Bah-tik'-la chow'-we. To-tse'-wahn. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for their rancheria on bend of Russian River beyond (east of) Fitch Mountain. -CHM. Tsatiyomi. See synonomy under So-to-yo'-me. Tse'-we-dah (tsi'wida, Barrett). Village near east bank Russian River 21 miles a little south of west of Windsor (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 215, Feb. 1908). Tso-le-kah'-we (tsolika'wl, Barrett). Village at "old Windsor" T mile east of railroad town of Windsor (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 222, 1908). 76 Tsoo-le kow-we (Blackbird water). Old Kah-tah-we chummi rancheria at site of present town of Windsor (old Windsor) on main highway between Santa Rosa and Healdsburg. Not West Windsor, which dates from arrival of railroad. 1'pawani (Barrett). Ool-pah-wah-ne. upawa'ni (Barrett). See Oo-pah-wah'-ni. Wah'-tah-kow'-we (watakkawwi, Barrett). Kah'-tah-we chum'-i name for their large rancheria about a mile east of northern part of Healdsburg.-CHM. Barrett says 3 mile east of Healdsburg; healdsburg cemetery covers site (Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Wah-tah-ko'-we (watakko'wi, Barrett). Old village (?) on edge of Dry Creek Valley about 13 miles north-northeast north- northwest of Healdsburg. May be place name only (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 219, Feb. 1908). Wah-teek'-le-chow'-we. We-shah-chum'mi name for Sebastopol tribe. -CHM. watakka'wi (Barrett). See Wah'-tah-kow'-we.. watakk'owl (Barrett). See Wah-tah-ko'-we. Waw-tawk-kah'-ton (wotokka't5n, Barrett). Village a mile north- east of watakka'wi on opposite side Russian River on Luce Ranch (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, Feb. 1908). We'-lok or We'-luk. Rancheria in Rincon Valley imnediately east and northeast of Santa Rosa belonging to the Me-dah-kah' chum'-mii of Santa Rosa.-CHM. Synonomy: Guiluc ('Tribe', San Rafael Mission Book, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878); Huiluc, Huil ('Tribe', Books of Mission San Francisco Solano, 1824-1837, Original MSS, Bancroft Library); Huiluc (Tribe in vicinity of mission at Sonoma, Calif. in 1823; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., II, p. 506, footnote, 1885); "Huiluc" (Barrett, after Engelhardt, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, 1908); Huilic (Tom Gregory, History Sonoma Co., p. 52, Los Angeles, 1911); Juiluc (Spelling in Register of San Jose Mission erroneously labeled San Fernando Original MS, Bancroft Library); w'i'lk (Old village about 3 miles northeast of Santa Rosa; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 222, Feb. 1908). We'-sah-bah-ka' atch-mah and Ah'-sho-bok'-ke esh'-mah. Kah-chi'-ah names for Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi of Healdsburg.-CHK. See synonomy under Kahl' -tah-we chum' -mi. 77 Woo-ge-l' -wah (wEgill' wa, Barrett). Old village near Agua Caliente in Sonoma Valley (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 314, 1908). Referred by Barrett to Mewan stock, but is probably We-shum' tat'-tah. Yapiam. An unidentified Pomo tribe living on Russian River (Barrett, Hdbook. Am. Inds., Pt. 2, 991, 1907). May be Kah-chi-ah. See also Japiam. Yapos (braves, Wappos). Name used erroneously for So-to-yo-me. See Soteomelos in synonomy under So-to-yo-me. Yo-shi'-kle-to-wah-ne (yoc;'kletowani, Barrett). Village at south end of wagon bridge across Russian River at Healdsburg; one says on west bank almst opposite this (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 218, 1908). Yu'-go tum-mi. We-shah' chum'-mi name for Santa Rosa Pomo. - CHM. Called by themselves Me-dah-kah' tum'-mi. Yu'-go chum'-mi. One of the Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi names for Pomoan bands at Sebastopol and Santa Rosa.-CHM. Yo'-ke. Po-mo'-ke-chah' (of Potter valley) name for Pomo of Healdsburg region, whose proper name is Kah'-tah-we chum-mi. -CHM. See synonomy under Kah'-tah-we chum-mi. 78 TRIBE LIST OF WE'-SHAH' CHUM'-MI PCMO We'-shah' chum'-mi (We-sha tum'-mi). Tribe extending from mouth of Gualala River on the coast easterly to the high divide between headwaters of Rockpile Creek on the west and those of Dry Creek (tributary to Russian River) on the east; and from the lower part of Gualala to Middle Fork Gualala. The We'-shah' chum'-mi include Kah-ba'-ho at Rockpile and Mah-kow'-sha at Annapolis. Their name for themselves; used also by Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi of Healdsburg and Mahl'-kah-mo chum'-mi of Cloverdale Valley. -CHM. ca'mli. Village in mountains imdiately north of Middle Fork Gualala River and probably about 3 miles a little north of east of confluence with main Gualala River (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 225, Feb. 1908). See Shah'mle. Chahl'-pe-dah. Kah-chi'-ah and We-shah' chum'-mi name for village about 2 miles north of Black Point, claimed by both tribes. -CHM. tca'pida (Village about 1 mile north of Black Point, Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 229, Feb. 1908). Chop-dah. Pronunciation given me by a Kah-ba-ha (We'-shah'- chum'-mi) named Dan Scott.-CHM. Chah-yah'-kah-tol. Kah-chi'-ah name for We'-shah' chum'-mi camp or village on Buckeye Creek about 3 miles northeast of Black Point.-CHM. tca'yahakaton (Old camp site near east bank of Gualala River, probably about 1l miles above confluence of Buckeye Creek; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 226, Feb. 1908). Doo'-tsah-kol. Kah-chi'-ah name for We'-shah' chum'-mi camp or village 2 miles north of Annapolis.-CHM. diu'tsakol (Old camp site in mountains east of Gualala River and about 1 mile north of confluence of Middle Fork with main stream near end of Biddle Ridge; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 226, 1908). du'tsakol. See Doo'-tsah-kol, p. 1. Im-me'-ko. Another name for Kah-ba'-ho, which see. kabapiutce'mal. See also Kah-bah-poo-che'-mah-le. 79 kabete'yo (Kah-ba-ta-yo). Village near east bank of Gualala River about l* miles above confluence of Rockpile Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 225, Feb. 1908). Kah-ba'-ho. We'-shah' chum'-mi name for their large town at Rockpile. This was their principal headquarters in summer. Name often used by the Indians in a tribal sense.-CHM. Not 'Kubahmoi' of Loeb. Kah-bah-poo-che'-mah-le (kabapuitce'mali). Village about 2 miles southeast of mouth of Gualala River, near coast (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 229, Feb. 1908). Kah-ba-ta-yo. See also kabete'yo. Kaht'-mah-je (Kaht'-mah-che). Kah-chi'-ah name for We'-shah' chum'-mi village at junction of Middle Fork Gualala and main Gualala River.-CHM. See also ka'tmatcl. Kah-wahn'-ta la-mah'-ne. Village near head of Buckeye Creek, a branch of Gualala River.-CHM. See also kawante' limani. ka'tmatci. Camp near summit of ridge between Middle Fork Gualala River and main stream, and about i mile southeast of junction of the two (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 226, Feb. 1908. See Kaht' -mah-je. kawante' limani. Old village near head of Buckeye Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 225, Feb. 1908). See Kah-wahn'-ta la-mah'-ne. Ko-bah'-ta. Kah-chi'-ah name for We'-shah' chum'-mi village at Annapolis.-CHM. See also koba'te. koba'te. Village on Biddle Ridge north of Middle Fork Gualala about 2 miles northeast of junction with main Gualala (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 225, 1908). See Ko-bah'-ta. ch' Koo-bah -mo-e. Village near Sobank Rockpile Creek at junction with Gualala River.-CHM. Synonomy: k?ibahmo'i (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 224, Feb. 1908); Note: Loeb puts "Kubahmoi' at "Rock Pile", the name of which is Kah-ba'-ho. Obviously Loeb either forgot to add the word Creek to Rockpile or else misplaced the village (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 244, 1926); Kukahmoi (Error for Kubahmoi; Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 361, 1926). Mah-kow'-shah. We'-shah' chum'-mi name for their large town about a mile east of Annapolis (Ko-bah'-ta). Name often used by the Indians themselves in a tribal sense.-CHM. See also Ma'kawica. 80 ma'kawica. Village about midway between Buckeye Creek and Middle Fork Gualala River, and about 1l mile a little north of east of kMbalte (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 225, 1908). See Mah-kow' -shah. See'-ton. Old village near coast about 4 miles southeast of mouth of Gualala River. Site on Hans Peterson ranch (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 229, Feb. 1908). Shahm-le' (ca'mli, Barrett). Village north of Middle Fork Gualala. -CHM. Located by Barrett about 3 miles north of east of junction of Middle Fork with main Gualala (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 225, Feb. 1908). See also ca'mli. tca'pida. See Chah'-pe-dah. tca'yahakat5n. See Chah-yah'-kah-tol. Wah-lah'-le. Rancheria on south side mouth Gualala River; territory reached south nearly to Chah'-pe-dah' (line just north of Chah'-pe-dah').-CHM. Wahl-hah'-lah (Wahl-hol'-lah). Primarily geographic name of region immediately south of lower part of Gualala River, extending south to Middle Fork Gualala and in the interior to Rockpile. Occupied by the We'-shah' chum'-mi and often used by Indians of region as their tribal name. Synonomy: Walhalla (Often spelt Gualala; used in tribal sense by Stephen Powers, Bancroft, Barrett, and others; usually indefinite as to boundaries and apparently includes both sides Gualala River and in some cases North Fork Gualala also; Hence may be considered an indefinite blanket name for both We'-shah'- chum'mi and Kah-no'-ah.-CHM; Dan Scott, a member of this tribe, tells me there was a rancheria called Wol-hol-lah on south side of mouth of Gualala River.-CHM); Gua-la'la(s) or Wal-halla (Tribe on Gualala creek, Sonoma Co.; Powers, Tribes of Calif., p. 186, 1877); "The Gualalas live on Gualala or Wallalla Creek" (Powers, Pomo MS quoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 449, 1874); "The Gualalas, on the creek which takes its name from them, about twenty miles above the mouth of Russian River" (Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, p. 362, 1874); Gualalas (Ibid., 386, 449, Vol. III, 643, 1875); Gualala ("Gualala, northwest corner of Sonoma County"; Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 88, 1891); Gualala (Mason, Directions for Collectors of American Basketry, Bull. 39, U.S. Nat. Mus., p. 28, 1902); Gualala (Barrett in Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. I, p. 509, 1907); Gualalas, Walhallas (W.E. Wilde, 'Indian Tribes I have Known: Pomos', Stockton, Calif., Record, Apr. 11, 1925); Gualala Pomo (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 233, 1925; Gen. Index, 978, no information); Walhalla (Gualala creek "spelled Walhalla on some maps"; Bancroft, 81 Wahl-hah' -lah. Synonomy: Continued. Nat. Races, I, p. 362 footnote, 1874); Walalla Mt. (Denny's pocket map of Mendocino Co., Calif.; Edward Denny & Co., San Francisco, 1921); Walhallas, Gualalas (W.E. Wilde, 'Indian Tribes I have known: Pomos', Stockton, Calif., Record, Apr. 11, 1925). 82 SHO-TE-AH OR NORTHEASTERN PCMO TRIBE AND VILLAGES Am-o'-tah-te. Village on south bank Big Stony Creek 3+ miles west Stonyford. Synonomy: amo'tati (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). am3'tatl (Barrett). See Am-o'-tah-te. baka'mtati (Barrett). See Bal-kum'-tah'-ta. Bak-kum' tah'-ta. Shoteah name for former large village on site now occupied by flour mill on south side Stony Creek a little west of Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: baka'mtatl (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908); torod;'Labe ('Southerly Wintun', Choohel'memsel, name for bakam'tat;; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908); Toro'de 'hlab'-be (Merriam MS; Choohelmemsel name). Be-she'-chil (Bes-sah-e'-chil, Bes'-se-e'-chil, slurred Be-she'- chil). Shote'ah name for present village on Stony Creek 21 miles west of Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: Bo-de-ta (Present Stonyford rancheria); No-ka-we (Name used by Grindstone Win.); n7' pnokewl (Given by Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 244, 1908, as 'Southerly Wintun', Choohel'memsel, name for present Stonyford rancheria; called by themselves Bes'-se-e'-chil.-CHM.) Bo-de-ta. Same as Be-she'-chil, which see. Cbi-e-te-do. Given by Barrett as village 3+ miles north of Stonyford and 1 mile west of Big Stony Creek, on northeast side "Saltspring valley" near salt-bed. But Chief San Diego says "no village there--name of small lake only."- CHM. Synonomy: tcee'tld5 (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). Chok'-'hlabe. Choohel'memsel name for Kakoskal' on Big Stony Creek 2+ miles north of Stonyford. Synonomyy: tco'kLabe (Given by Barrett as 'Southerly Wintun', Choohel'memsel, name for kakoska'l; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). De'-lah-ka. Former small village on south bank Stony Creek about 2 miles west of Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: 5d1'laka (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). 83 Doo-hool'-tam-te'-wah. Given by Barrett as old village on north bank Big Stony Creek immediately north of Stonyford. Given me by Chief San Diego as place name only.-CHM. Synonomy: dghflltamti'wa (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). n6'minLabe (Given by Barrett as 'Southerly Wintun', Choohel'memsel, name for du-hiiltamtVlwa, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, 1908). diuhuiltamtli'wa (Barrett). See Doo-hool-tam-te'-wah. Dun'-no te-do. Shoteah name for their former rancheria on south side Stony Creek about 2 mile west of Stonyford.-CHM. E-wel-han-nom. Yuke name for Stonyford people (Barrett, written iwil-han-nom, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 254, 1908). iwil-han-nom. Yuke name for Stonyford tribe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 254, 1908). See E-wel-han-norm. Kah-ko-skahl'. Given by Barrett as village on Big Stony Creek 2- miles north of Stonyford (on Biclcford Ranch). Given me as place name only.-CHM. Synonomy: Chok'-'hlabe or Cho' klabby (Choohel'memsel name; see Chok'-'hlabe); kakoska'l (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). tco'kLabe (Barrett: 'Southerly Wintoon name", Choohel'memsel; See Chok'-hlabe. Kah-tak-ta'. Old village on Big Stony Creek 24 mile north of Stonyford, where road turns in (west) to present rancheria. -CHM. Synonomy: kata'kta (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). kakoska'l (Barrett). See Kah-ko-skahl'. kata'kta (Barrett). See Kah-tak'-ta. Mi-hil-tam-te'-wah. Given by Barrett as old village near foothills east of Big Stony Creek 3 mile northeast of Stonyford. Given me as place name only.-CHM. Synonomy: mihiltamti'wa (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). mihiltamti'wa (Barrett). See Mi-hil-tam-te'-wah. No-kai-we. Win name for Stonyford tribe. Same as Be-she'-chil, which see. 84 Nomin. Choohel'memsel name for old village on north bank Big Stony Creek just north of Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: Doo-hool-tam-te'-wah (Shote'ah name; see Doo-hool-tam-te'-wah); Nomenkla, Nlo'min'hlab'-be (Choohel'memsel name; Merriam MS, 1908); n5'minLabe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908; See Doo-hool-tam-te'-wah. No'min'hlab-be. See Nomin and Doo-hool-tam-te'-wah. No'-pno-ki-wve (n5'pnke-wiL, Barrett). Choohel'memsel name for present Stonyford rancheria.-CHM. See Be-she'-ehil. no' pnk-ewi (Barrett). See No'-pno-kd-we. Nuk-kon-me (or Nuk-ko'-na-me). Yuke name for Pomo tribes. Synonomy: No'-ko'n-me (Oo-kot'-on'-til'ka name for Pomah; Merriam MSS). odi'laka (Barrett). See De'-lah-kah. Pah-katch-ah'-hoo-yah (Pa-kah-chah-hoo-yalh). Old camp site given by Barrett as halfway up southeast slope of St. John Mt. Given to me as place name only.-CHM. Synonomy: pakatca' huiya (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). pakatca'huya (Barrett). See Pah-katch-ah'-hoo-yah. Sha'-men. One of their names for their own tribe.-CHM. See Shote'ah. Sho-te'-ah. Name used by the Po-mo'-ke-chah' (Potter Valley Pomo) for Stonyford Pomo. Name means 'Easterners".-CHM. Synonomy: To-ro'-de-he (Merriam, MS 19; Win and Choochel'memsel name for Shote'ah tribe.-CHM); Sha'-men (One of their names for their own tribe.-CHM); To'-le-ta'-we (Choohel'memsel name for Stonyford tribe). Tah'-tah-shah. Old village (msall) on west bank Big Stony Creek 2 or 3 miles north of Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: ta'taca (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, 1908). ta'taca. See Tah'-tah-shah. tcee'tld5 (Barrett). See Chi-e-te-do. tcok'Labe. Given by Barrett as 'Southerly Wintun' (Choohel'memsel) name for kakoska'l (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, 1908). See Ch5k' 'hlab-be. 85 To'-le-ta' -we. Choohellmemsel name for Stonyford tribe (Shote'ah). -CHM. See Shote'ah and To-ro'-de-he. Too'-roo-roo-ri-be-da. Given by Barrett as old village on Middle Fork Big Stony Creek 1 mile from junction with south fork. Chief San Diego says it is the name of a small creek on north side Fouts Spring, and that there never was a rancheria there.-CHM. Synonomy: tU'ruriurribida (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). To-rol-de'-he 'hlab-be. Name used by the Win tribes of western Glenn County for the tribe at Stonyford.-CHM. Synonomy: torodi'Labe (Given by Barrett as 'Southerly Wintun', Choohel'memsel, name for Bak'um'tah'ta rancheria on south side Stony Creek at site of grist mill just west of Stonyford; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 245, Feb. 1908). torodi'Labe. See To-ro'-de-he 'hlab-be. Tshee'-te-do. See tcee'tidt and Cha-e-te-do. tii' riuriuraibida. See Too'-roo-roo-ri-be'-da. Wah'-im-moon. Given by Barrett as old camp site near su it of St. John Mt. Chief San Diego says there was no camp there, merely place name.-CHM. Synonomy: wa'imUn (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pono, 245, 1908). wa imuin. See Wah'-im-moon. Wi'-sil. 'Klet-win name (meaning 'north tribe') for Shote'ah.-CHM. 86 'HAM'-FO TRIBE LIST 'Ham'-fo or Oom'-tim-fo (also pronounced Oo'-tim-fo), Lower Lake tribe. Territory comprised the whole of Lower Lake and Sulphurbank Arm (East Bay) with included islands, the adjacent mainland, reaching north to include Mt. Konokti, Buckingham Point and the southeast half of Floyd Hill; east to High Valley, and the divide between the southeastern part of Lower Lake and North Fork Cache Creek, thus including Burns Valley; south to northern limit of Too'-le-yo'-me tribe (Lowerlake village); southeast to a hill 3 miles east of Lowerlake village (hill called La-lish by 'Ham'-fo, Al-lok ko-bo-je by Tuleyo'me). This tribe, whose language differs radically from that of the other Clear Lake tribes, has two general names for its own people - 'Ham'-fo and Oom'-tim-fo (sometimes called Oo '-tim-fo). The 'Ham'-fo regard themselves as comprising 3 bands according to the territory belonging to each of the 3 principal villages, all of which were situated on islands, as follows: Kail-im-fo; Band originally on Koi'-e Island and claiming mainland on both sides of south end of Lower Lake; on the west including the mountains extending from Mt. Konokti south-southeasterly to Mt. Hannah; on the east reaching the divide between North Fork Cache Creek and Lower Lake, and continuing southward to a hill 2+-3 miles east of Lowerlake village (the hill called La'-lish by the 'Ham'-fo). Kom'-dot im-fo: Band originally on Komdot Island and claiming the nothern two-thirds of the west shore of Lower Lake, including Buckingham Peninsula and the main body of Mt. Konokti; also including Long Point (Sulphurbank Point Hri' -e) and according to E.W. Gifford, a strip on the north side of the strait connecting Clear Lake with East Bay. This northern area is shown on Gifford's map (p. 79) as situated directly north of Buckingham Peninsula and includes the southeast part of Floyd Hill with the bay imiediately on the east, and extends in the interior to the High Valley divide. El-lem'-fo: Band originally on Ellem' Island at east end of East Bay and claiming adjacent mainland on both sides excepting Long or Sulphurbank Point and the narrow northern Floyd Hill strip both of which belonged to K0m'dot.-CHM. Synonomy: Ki-keyo'-me (Tuleyo'me name used specifically for Koi'-im-fo, in a general way for all 'Ham'-fo.-CHM; See Koi'-im-fo); Koi'-im-fo (Originally restricted to inhabitants of Koi'-e Island sometimes used in general way for 'Ham'-fo; Their own name.-CHM; See Koi'-im-fo); Kow'-bo-koo-li'-nah (One of the names used by the She'kam for Lower Lake 'Ham'-fo. 87 'Ham'-fo. Synonomy: Continued. -CHM; See Kow-e'-nab-bah, see also synonomy of Kow'-bo-koo- li'-nah); Kow-e'-nab-bah and Kow'-bo-koo-li'-nah (Names used by She'-kum for Lower Lake tribe.-CHM; Kow-e'-nab-bah may probably be used in sense of Khawina; See synonomy of Khawina); Kow'-oo-nah'-ka-ah (Yo-ki'-ah name used speci- fically for El-lem'-fo, in a loose sense for whole tribe ('Ham'-fo).-CHM; See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah); Lim'-mahk'- mah ('Koo-lan' nap'-po name for Kom'dot, used in loose sense for whole tribe ('Ham'-fo).-CHM; See synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah, and also of Kom'dot); Sah-chah-let'-a-mi (We'-shum-tat'-tah name for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM); Shoo-tow-no'-man- nuk (Dan-no'-kah name for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM; See synonomy of Shoo-tow-no' -man-nuk. ) Behepkobel. Overflow village from El-lem' (Gifford, 1923). See El-lem'-fo. Also called Xaukumaiina (Gifford, 1923). ca'kai (Barrett 1908). See Shah'-ki. Che-yol'-kit-hlah-le (tciy 'lkitLall, Barrett). Village on north- east point of Buckingham Peninsula which projects northerly as southeast corner of Clear Lake forming western boundary of strait between main body of Clear Lake and East Bay (Sulphurbank Arm) and Lower Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908). Cho-tan-o-man-as (Gibbs 1853). See synonomy of Shoo-tow-no'-man- nuk and Koi'-im-fo. Cow-goo-mah (Palmer 1881). Koo-lan-map-po name for El-lem-fo. See Kow'-goo-mah and El-lem'-fo. cuta'uyomanuk (Barrett 1908). "Northern Pomo" (apparently main Clear Lake) name for village Koi. See synonomy of Shoo-tow- no'-man-nuk, and Koi'-e under ko'i (Barrett). e'lem (Barrett 1908); Elem (Gifford 1923); and Elem (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of El-lem'. Elemite, Elemites (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of El-lem'-fo, also El-lem'. El-lem'. Principal village of El-lem'fo on El-lem' Island (Rattlesnake Island), at east end of East Bay.-CHM. Synonomy: e'lem (pronounced El'-lem; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 208, Feb. 1908; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo); Elem (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial, Vol. 79, 1923; see also synonomy of El-lem'- fo); Elem (Kroeber, after Barrett; Hdbook. Indians Calif., 88 El-lem'. Synonomy: Continued. 232, 1925; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo); Elemite, Elemites (Name used by Gifford for the people of Elem; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial, Vol. 80-81, 1923; see synonomy of El-lem'-fo). El-lem'-fo. One of the three divisions of 'Ham'-fo tribe. Named for El-lem' island at east end of East Bay, the site of their principal village. The survivors now live on the mainland at Sulphurbank. The El-lem'-fo territory included the mainland on north, south, and east sides of Sulphurbank Arm. -CHM. Synonomy: Behepkobel (An overflow village from Elem, which since the abandonment of Elem has become the only village; located on the adjacent mainland; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, p. 86, 1923; see also Xauk,maiina); Cow-goo-mah (Palmer 1881; see synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah); e'lem (pronounced El'-lem; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 208, Feb. 1908); Elem (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, pp. 87, 92, 1923; boundaries of territory); Elem (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925); Elemites (Used by Gifford for El-lem'-fo; Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., 80-81, 1923); Hawina (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy for Khawina); How-goo-mil-e-nah or Kow-goo-mi'-e-nah (Name used by Yoki'ah Pomo and by Clear Lake tribes, Han-nah'-bahch, for El-lem-fo.-CHM; see synonomy for Kow-goo-mah); How'-koo-mah or Kow'-goo-mah (Name used by 'Koo-lan-nap-po for El-lem'-fo.-CHM; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah); How-ku-ma (Spelling used by Gibbs in Schooleraft, 1853; by 18 Calif. Treaties, 1853; Senate reprint, 4, 53, 56, 1905; by Bancroft, after Gibbs, 1874; by Royce, 1901; and How-ru-ma, obviously a misprint for How-ku-ma, by John McKee, 1853; all of indefinite local- ity but probably referring to El-lem-fo; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah; see also Na-po-batlin, Gibbs, main list); ka'l-mina (Barrett 1908; "Northern Pomo", apparently main Clear Lake, name; see synonomy for Khawina); Kamina (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy for Khawina); ka'iigima (Barrett 1908; "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah; used also for Kom'dot); Kauguma (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah); Khawina (Barrett, after Kroeber, MS, 1903; Hdbook. Am. Indians, 1907; see synonomy for Khawina); Kow'-oo-nah'-ka-ah (Yoki'ah name; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah); Le-mah-mah (Palmer 1881; Name for Kem'dot wrongly referred by Palmer to El-lem'; see synonomy for Lim'-mahk'-mah); Na-po-batlin (in part; Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853; see Na-po-bat'in Gibbs, main list); Xaukumaiina (Gifford 1923; "Eastern Pomo't She'-kum, name used for both El-lem and Behepkobel; see synonomy for Kow'-goo-mah); xa'-wina (Barrett 1908; "1Eastern 89 El-lem'-fo. Synonomy: Continued. PomoU, She-kum, name; see synonomy for Khawina under ka' -muna Barrett); xuna'dai (Barrett 1908; see Hun-nah'di in main list). Hah'-we-nah (xa'-wina, Barrett). See Ka'-m!na (Barrett) in synonomy of Kahwina. 'Ham'-fo. Lower Lake tribe. For fuller definition see head of this tribe list. Haukoma (Barrett in Hdbook. 1907). See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah, (used for Komdot). Hawina (Kroeber 1925). Name used by Kroeber for El-lem'. See synonomy of Khawina and El-lem'-fo. How-goo-mi'-e-nah or Kow-goo-mi'-e-nah. Name used by Yo-ki'-ah Pomo and by Clear Lake tribes (Hah-nahl'-bahCh) for El-lem'-fo. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah and of El-lem'-fo. How'-koo-mah or Kow'-goo-mah. Koo-lan'-nap'-po name for El-lem'- fo. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah and Ellem-fo. How-ku-ma (Gibbs 1853) and others. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah. How-ru-ma (McKee 1853). See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah. Ho'-ye (k6'yi, Barrett). See Ko'i (Barrett) in synonomy of Koi'-e. Hoyi (Kroeber 1925). Name for village Koi-e. See Koi (Kroeber) in synonomy of Koi-e. See also x5'yi (Barrett). Hub-ba' (xube', Barrett). Village on east shore Lower Lake 2 mile north of Floyds Landing and 1+ mile northwest of Lake outlet (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908). Hun-nah'-di, called Kow-goo-mah by the Kulanaps (xuna'dai, Barrett). Village on east shore East Lake 2 mile north of Sulphur Bank and directly opposite old village on Rattlesnake Island (El-lem') (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 205, 208, 1908). Gifford says, Xunadai, not a village, name applied only to the boat landing there (Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, p. 86, 1923). kaa'lkfai (Barrett 1908). See Kah-ahlk'-fi. Kah-ahlk'-fi (kaa'lkfai, Barrett). Camp on west shore Lower Lake, probably 3 miles southeast of little Borax Lake, which is at base of Buckingham Peninsula (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). 90 Kah-le-le-yo (kale'liyo, Barrett). Old village on Buckingham Peninsula just southwest of Buckingham or Kahm'd5t Island (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, Feb. 1908). Note: Not to be confused with place of same name (Kal-le'-le-yo) on west side of Upper Lake Narrows half or 3 mile south of narrowest part of Narrows, and in territory of Bo-al-ka-ah Pomr . -CHM. Kah-mah-dit', Kah-mah-dot-tem-fo, Kahm' -dot, Hom'-dot. See Kom' dot. Kah'-me-nah (ka'-mLna, Barrett). See synonomy of Khawina. Kah-oo-bo'-ko-li. See Kaubo'kolai (Barrett) in synonomy of Kow- bo-koo-li-nah and of Koi'-im-fo. Kah'-oo-goo-mah. See kauigi'ma (Barrett) in synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah. Kah'-oo-shel (k!a'icel, Barrett). Village on east shore Lower Lake about due west of Big Borax Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomor, 208, 1908). Kn'-ke-yo-me. Tuleyome name for Koi'-im-fo or 'Ham'-fo.-CHM. See synonomy of Koi-im-fo and 'Ham'-fo. Kale'liyo (Barrett 1908). See Kah-le'-li-yo. Ka'mdot (Barrett 1908); Kamdot (Gifford 1923); and Kamdot (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Kom'-dot. ka'mina (Barrett 1908). "Northern Pomo"' (apparently main Clear Lake) name for Ellem'. See synonomy of Khawina and also of El-lem'-fo. Kaubakulaiina (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of Kow'-bo-koo-li'-nah. kaiibo'k5lai (Barrett 1908); Kaubokolai (Kroeber 1925). "Eastern Pomo" (She-kum) name for village Koi. See synonomy of Kow'-go-koo-li'-nah and also of Koi-im-fo. k!a'icel (Barrett 1908). See Kah'-oo-shal. ka'ugii'ma (Barrett 1908). "Eastern Pomo" (She'-kum) name for Ellem'; used also for Kom'-dot. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah and also of El-lem'-fo and Kom'-dot-im-fo. ke'celwai (Barrett 1908). See Ke'-shel-wi. 91 Ke'-shel-wi (ke'celwai, Barrett). Village on or near north end Buckingham peninsula, on strait connecting main body Clear Lake with Lower Lake. Given by Barrett as 4 mile northeast of ca'kai (Shah'-ki) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908). Ke-ye'-oot-sgt (kiye'utsit, Barrett). Village on south shore East Lake 2+ miles west of Sulphur Bank (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 208, 1908). Khawina. "Upper Clear Lake" name for Pomo village at Sulphur Bank (Barrett, after Kroeber, MS, Univ. Calif., 1903, Hdbook. Am. Indians, 678, 1907). See also synonomy of El-lem'-fo. Synonomy: Hawina or Kamina or Kauguma (Names used for village community of El-lem'; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonomy of Ellem'-fo); ka'-mina (pronounced Kah'-me-nah; "Northern Pomo", apparently main Clear Lake, name for village of Ellem'; xa'-wina and Ka'ugma. are "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, names for the same people; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 208, 1908; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo; Kamina (See Hawina, Kroeber); Kow'-e-nab'-bah (She'-kum Pomo name for 'Ham'-fo may probably be used in sense of Khawina; see also synonomy of 'Ham'-fo); xa'-wtna (pronounced Hahl'-we-nah; see ka'-mtna. Barrett). kiyeirtslt (Barrett 1908). See Ke-ye'-oot-sgt. ko'i (Barrett 1908); Koi (Gifford 1923); Koi (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Koi'-e. Koi'-e. Name of village on island of same name near south end of Lower Lake from which the Loi'-im-fo sub-tribe takes its name.-CHM. Synonomy: Hoyi (see Koi, Kroeber); Koi (Barrett in Hdbook. Am. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 721, 1907; see also synonomy of Makhelchel). "ko'i, x5'yi, c?ita'iiyomani3k" ("Northern Pomo", apparently Main Clear Lake, names, used by Barrett for village of Koi'-e; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Koi (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, pp. 87, 92, 1923; boundaries of territory; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); "Koi, Hoyi, Shutauyomanok, or Kaubokolai" (names used by Kroeber for village on Koi'-e Island; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); xo'yi (pronounced Ho'-ye; see under ko'i, Barrett). 92 Koi'-im-fo. Tribe on southern part of Lower Lake; one of the 3 principal divisions of 'Ham'-fo. Properly restricted to inhabitants of Koi'-e Island and adjacent mainland, but sometimes used for all Lower Lake Indians, thus including the Kom'-dot-im-fo. Survivors now (1927) on Cache Creek about 1 mile east of Lower Lake.-CHM. Synonomy: Cho-tan-o- man-as (Gibbs 1853; see synonomy of Shoo-tow-no-man-nuk); cutauyomanuk (Barrett 1908; see synonomy of Shoo-tow-no-man- nuk); Hoyi (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy of Koi'-e under Koi, Kroeber); Ka-ke-yo'-me (Tuleyome name for Koi'-im-fo or 'Ham'-fo.-CHM; see also synonomy of 'Ham'-fo); Kaubukulaiina ("1Eastern Pomo)", She'-kum, name for village on Koi Island; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, 86, 1923); kauib5'kolai (pronounced Kah-oo-bo'-ko-li; "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for Koi; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908); Kaubokolai (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925); Koi (Barrett in Hdbook. 1907); koIi (Barrett 1908); Koi (Gifford 1923); and Koi (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy of Koi'-e); Mahelchel (Kroeber 1925; Wintoon name; see synonomy of Makh'-el-chel); Makh'-el-chel (Powers 1877); Makh'-el-chel (Barrett 1908); Makhelchel (Powell 1891); Makhelchel (Barrett 1907); Makhelchel (Purdy 1901); and Makhelchel (Mason 1902; Wintoon name; see synonomy of Makh'-el-chel); Shoat-ow-no-ma-nook (Palmer 1881; see synonomy of Shoo-tow-no' -man-nuk); Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk (Dan-no'-kah name for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM; see synonomy of Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk; see also synonomy of 'Ham'fo); Shutauyomanuk (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy of Shoo-tow-no- man-nuk); tutli', Too-le' ("Northern Moquelumnan", Tuleyome, and Southerly Wintun, Win, name for Koi; Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908); Tuli (Name given by Kroeber as "Lake Miwok", Tuleyomre, name for Koi; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925); xo'yi (pronounced Ho'-ye; Name used by Barrett for village Koi; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see synonomy of Koil-e under koi, Barrett). Ko-lo-lah-hah (k!Zl1laxa, Barrett). Camp on west shore of strait connecting main Clear Lake with Lower Lake a little west of northeast projection of Buckingham peninsula (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). K5m -dot, Kah-mah-dot', Kahm'-dot, Hom-dot. 'Ham'-fo village on island of same name (also called Buckingham Island and Bull Island) on west side of north end of Lower Lake near east base of Mount Konokti.-CHM. See 'also Kom-dot im-fo. Synonomy: "rkam'dot (Kahm'-dot) or le makma (Le'-mahk-mah) or ka' UgOma (Kow'-goo-mah, Kah'-oo-goo-mah)" ("Eastern Pomo" She'-kim, names for village of Komd5t; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908); Kamdot or Lemakma (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook Indians Calif., 232, 1925); Kamdot (Gifford, after 93 Kom'-dot, et.al. Synonomy: Continued. Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., pp. 87, 92, 1923; boundaries of territory). Kom'-d5t-im-fo. One of the 3 principal divisions of 'Ham'-fo tribe. Their own name. Originally on Kom'dot Island from which it takes its name.-CHM. See also K6m-dot. Synonomy: Haukoma (Barrett in Hdbook. 1907; see synonomy of Kow'-goo- mah); Kah-mah-d5t-im-fo (Band on Kahm-dot Island; Usually spoken 'Kom-dot imfo', or simply Kom-dot.-CHM); ka'mdot (Barrett 1908); Kamdot (Gifford 1925 and Kroeber 1923; see synonomy of Kom'-dot); kaiigi3'ma (Barrett 1908) and Kauguma (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah; need both for El-lem' and Kom'dot); Kow'-goo-mah or How-koo-mah and How-goo-mi'e-mah (Name used by Clear Lake tribes, Han-nah- bahcn, especially Kulanapo, for inhabitants of Sulphurbank Island.-CHM; see synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah); le' a or ka'mdot or Kauguma ("Eastern Pomolt, She'-kum, names for village of Kom'dot; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908; see synonomy of Lim'-mahk-mah, and also of Kom'dot under ka'mdot, Barrett); Lemakma (Kroeber 1925; see synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah); Lim'-mahk'-mah ('Koo-lan'-nap'-po name for 'Ham'-fo; see synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah); Lim'-mahk'-mah bah-dun ('Ku-lan'-na'-po name for Kom'dot.-CHM; see synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah); Shutaunomanok (Name for Koi'-e wrongly referred by Barrett to Kom'dot; see synonomy of Shoo-tow- no'-nman-nuk). Koo-ool-bi-di (kuuii'lbidai, Barrett). Village on northeast shore Lower Lake on west edge of Burns Valley, 2 miles north- northwest of Lake outlet, house of T.G. Turner is on site (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 208, 1908). Kow'-bo-koo-li'-nah. One of the Kalanapo and She'-kum names for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM. Synonomy: Kaubakulaiina ("Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for village on Koi Island; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., 86, 1923; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); kauib5'k5lai (pronounced Kah-oo-bo'-ko-li; "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for Koi; Barrett, Etho-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Kaubokolai (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonony of Koi'-im-fo). Kow-goo-mi'-e-nah ? How-goo-mi'-e-nah. Yoki'ah and Clear Lake Han-nah'-bah== name for El-lem'-fo.-CHM. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah and also of El-lem'-fo. Kow'-e-nab'-bah. One of the She'-kum names for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM. See synonomy of 'Ham' -fo and of Khawina. 94 Kow'-goo-mah (How'-koo-mah). Name (merning Fisherman) used by Clear Lake tribes (Han-nah'-bahC ) for Lower Lake tribe (Ham-fo) as a whole, especially the inhabitants of El-lem' Island and adjacent Sulphurbank.-CHM. See also synonomy of El-lem'-fo and Kom'-dot-im-fo. Synonomy: Cow-goo-mah (Koo'lan-nap'-.po name for band at Sulphurbank; L.L. Palmer, Hist. Napa and Lake Counties, 36, 37, 1881; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo and Kow-goo' -mah); Haukoma (Division or band on west side of Clear Lake; Barrett in Hdbook. Am. Indians, Pt. 1, 537, 1907; see synonomy of Kom'-d3t-im-fo; see Kow- goo'-mah); How'-koo-mah or Kow'-goo-mah (Name used by 'Koo'-lan-nap'-po for El-lem'-fo.-CHM; see Kow-goo'-mah); How-goo-mi'-e-nah or Kow-goo-mi'-e-nah (Name used by Yoki'ah Pomo and by Clear Lake tribes (Han-nahI-bahch) for El-lem'-fo. -CHM; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo; see Kow-goo'-mah); How-ku-ma (Tribe belonging to Clear Lake; Gibbs in School- craft, III, 109, 1853; see also Na-po-bat'in in main list, and also synonomy of El-lem-fo; see Kow-goo'-mah); How-ku-ma (Tribe meeting U.S. Treaty Commr. at camp Lu-pi-yu-ma on Clear Lake, August 20, 1951; 18 Calif. Treaties, 1852; Senate reprint, 4, 53, 55, 1905; see Kow-goo'-mah); Howkuma (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Nat. Races, I, 451, 1874); Howkuma (C.C. Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, part 2, p. 954, 1899, publ. 1901; written How-ku-ma, p. 784); How-ru-ma (Tribe in council at Camp Lupiyuma, Clear Lake, Aug. 18, 20, 1851; John McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Spec. Sess. p. 136, 1853); ka'iguma (pronounced Kah'-oo-goo-mah; "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for people of lelem, El-lem'; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 208, 1908; used also for people of Kom'd5t; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo and of Kom'- dot-im-fo); Kauguma (Kroeber, obviously after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925); Kow'-goo-mah (see How'-koo-mah); Kow-goo-mi'-e-nah (See How-goo-mi'-e-nah); Kow'-oo'-nah (Name used by Russian River Pamo for Lower Lake tribe; see also synonomy of 'Ham'-fo); Kow'-oo-nah'-kA'-ah (Yo-ki'-ah Pomo name for Sulphurbank tribe, formerly on El-lem' Island; Same as El-lem'-fo and 'Ham'-fo.-CHM; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo and of 'Ham'-fo); Xaukumaiina (She'-kum name for village of El-lem' used also for Behepkobel; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., p. 86, 1923; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo). Kow'-oo-nah'-ka-ah. Yoki'ah name for El-lem'-fo and for 'Ham'-fo. -CHM. See synonomy of Kow'-goo-mah, also of El-lem'-fo and of 'Ham'-fo. Ktsoo'-kah-wi or Pah-tol'-kah-le-yo (ktsui'kawai or pato'lkaleyo, Barrett). Village on north shore East Lake (=Sulphurbank Arm) in deep bay immediately east of Floyd Hill, on ranch of I. Alter (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). 95 ktsui'kawai (Barrett 1908). See Ktsoo'-kah-wi. kula'i (Barrett 1908). See Kul-li'. Kul-li' (kula'i, Barrett). Village on northeast shore Lower Lake on edge of Burns Valley, 21 miles north-northwest of lake outlet; separated by small creek from k0lbidai (Koo-ool- bi-di) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 208, 1908). kIiui'lbidai (Barrett 1908). See Koo-ool'-bi-di. Le-mah-mah (Palmer 1881). Name for Kom'dot wrongly placed by Palmer at Ellem'. See synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah and of El-lem'-fo. Le'-mahk-mah. See le'makma (Barrett) in synonomy of Lim'-mahk'- mah. lemakma (Barrett 1908); Lemakma (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah. Limakaiina (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah. Lim'-mahk'-mah. 'Ku-lan'-nap'-po name for Kom-dot.-CHM MS 1906. See also synonomy of Kom'dot and of 'Ham'-fo. Synonomy: Le-mah-mah (Wrongly placed by Palmer at El-lem Island; Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., pub. Slocum Bowen & Co., San Francisco, pp. 36, 37, 1881; see also synonomy of El-lem'-fo); le'makma (pronounced Le'-mahk-mah; "Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for Kom'-dot; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206; see also synonomy of Kom'-dot); Lkma (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonomy of Kom'-dot); Limakiina ("Eastern Pomo", She'-kum, name for Kom'-dot; Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., p. 86, 1923; see also synonomy of Kom'-d5t); Lim'-mahk'-mah bah-dun ('Koo-lan'-nap'-po name for Kom'-dSt.-CHM 1906; see also synonomy of Kom'-dot). Lim'-mahk'-mah bah-dun. See synonomy of Lim'-mahk'-mah, and of Kom' -dot. ?Lopillamillos or Lupilomis. "On the borders of Clear Lake", location not certain (Taylor, Calif. Farmer, Mar. 30, 1860; cited by Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, p. 451, 1874 from MS map). Synonomy: Lopillamillos (Northeast of main Clear Lake; Bancroft, after Taylor, Native Races, I, map opp. p. 322, 1874). 96 Loo-pu-yo-me. Old rancheria on east side of Lower Lake, Lake Co., about 4 miles north of present town of Lowerlake. Called Wo'-kah-yo-wah by Lower Lake Koi'-im-fo.-CHM. See also Wo-kah-yo-wah. (Not Loo-py-yo-me of Big Valley, which see in Clear Lake List.) ?Lupilomuis. See Lopillamillos. Mahelchel (Kroeber 1925). Wintun name for Koi. See synonomy of Makhelchel, also of Koi'-im-fo. Makh'-el-chel. Wintun name for Pomo band at Koi'-e. See also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo. Synonomy: Mahelchel (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makh'-el-chel, Makhelchel (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 214-215, 1877; Powers erroneously refers it to one of the Patwin Tribes; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makhelchel (Powell, after Powers, Linguistic Families, 70, 1891; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makhelchel (Barrett, after Powers, gives them as of ItKulanapan, Pomo, stock" and says they called the village and island Koi; Hdbook. Am. Indians, Pt. 1, 793, 1907; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makh`-el-chel (Barrett, after Powers, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makhelchel (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, 1st ed., in Land of Sunshine, p. 442, Dec. 1901; 2nd ed., p. 1, 1902; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Makhelchel (Mason, Directions for Collectors of American Basketry, Bull. 39, U.S. Nat. Mus., p. 29, 1902; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo). Moo'-sho-kol (mii'cokol, Barrett). Camp on very small slender peninsula (alst cut off from mainland) on north shore East Lake about due north of El-lem' or Sulphurbank Island (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). Synonomy: Mucokol (Gifford, after Barrett, gives it as a mainland village; Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., 86, 1923). mi'ckol (Barrett 1908); Mucokol (Gifford 1923). See Moo'-sho-kol. Na-po-bat'in, Napo-bati'ns. Collective name (for themselves) used by the Kula-napo, Habe-napo, Dahno-habe, Moal-kai, She-kom and How-ku-ma, belonging to Clear Lake (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109-110, 1853). See El-lem'-fo. Napobatin. (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races, I, 451, 1874). Spelled Napobatim on map opp. p. 322. Oom'-tim-fo (Oo'-tim-fo). Another name for 'Ham'-fo.-CHM. 97 Pah-t5l'-kah-le-yo (pat7o'lkaleyo, Barrett). See Ktsoo'-kah-wi. pato'lkaleyo (Barrett 1908). See Ktsoo'-kah-wi. Sah-chah-let'-a-mi. Name for Lower Lake Indians ('Ham'-fo) used by Kah'-tah-we-chum'-mi or We-shum'-tat'-tah.-CHM. See synonomy of 'Ham'-fo. Shah'-ki (calkai, Barrett). Village on northwest point of Buck- ingham Peninsula, fronting on northwest end of narrows leading to Lower Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908). Shutauyomanok (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Shoo-tow-no'-man- nuk and of Koi-im-fo. tciyo'lkitLali (Barrett 1908). See Che-yol'-kit-hlah-le. Too-le, see tull' (Barrett 1908). Tuleyome name for Koi'-e. See Koi'-im-fo synonomy. tuli' (Barrett 1908). See Koi'-im-fo. ts!atbal (Barrett 1908). See Tsah'-bahl. Tsah'-bahl (ts!a'bal, Barrett). Camp on south shore Lower Lake, probably 2+ miles west-northwest of Koi'-e Island (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). Tse-we' (tsiwi', Barrett). Village on east shore of Buckingham Peninsula, facing strait between Clear Lake and Lower Lake and just northeast of "Little Borax Lake" (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 206, 1908). Wo'-kah-yo-wah. Koi'-im-fo name for Loo-pu-yo-me, which see. Sholat-ow-no-me-nook (Palmer 1881). Name for tribe on Koi'-e Island. See synonomy of Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk and of Koi-im- fo. Shoo-tah'-oo-yo-mah-nook. See ciitauiiy&manik (Barrett) in synonomy of Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk and of Koi'-im-fo. Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk. Dan-no'-kah Pomo name for 'Ham'-fo, the Lower Lake tribe.-CHM. See also synonomy of 'Ham'-fo. Synonomy: Cho-tan-o-man-as (Tribe or band living on Clear Lake "toward the outlet"; Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853; Barrett says this is the first mention of the people of the village of Koi'-e; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Cho-tan-o-man-as (Barrett, after Gibbs, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); cuita'Uy3manUk 98 Shoo-tow-no'-man-nuk. Synonomy: Continued. (pronounced Shoo-tah-oo-nah-nook; "Northern Pomo", apparently main Clear Lake, name for village Koi'-e; Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908; see also synonomy of Koi'-e under Koi, Barrett); Shoat-ow-no-ma-nook (Tribe on an island near the lower end of Lower Lake; "Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, pp. 35-36, 37, 1881"; see also synonomy of Koi'-im-fo); Shoat-ow-no-ma-nook (Barrett, after Plamer, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908); Shutaunomanok (Wrongly placed by Barrett on Buckingham Island; Barrett, after Kroeber inf'n., 1903, Hdbook. Am. Indians, pt. 2, 561, 1911; see also synonomy of Kom'-dot; Shutauyomanok (Name for village Koi; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 232, 1925; see also synonomy of Koi'-e under Koi, Ktoeber). Xaukumaiina (Gifford 1923). Used for both El-lem' and Behepkobel. See El-lem'-fo. xa'-wina (Barrett 1908). "Eastern Pomo" (She-kum) name for village of Elem. See Hah-we-nah and synonomy of Khawina under ka-mina (Barrett); also of El-lem-fo. x5'yi. One of Barrett's spellings from Koi'-e: ko'i, xo'yi, cuta'i!y5manilk, kaubTh'k5lai or tull' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 207, 1908). See Koi'-im-fo (Merriam), also Hoyi (Kroeber). xube' (Barrett 1908). See Hub-ba'. xuna'dai (Barrett 1908). See Hun-nah'-di. Xunadai (Gifford 1923). See Hun'-nah'-di. Yo. Camp at south extremity of Lower Lake and adjacent narrow neck of land running into lake just west of outlet. Named from Yo Island (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 209, 1908). 99 CLEAR LAKE PCM0, BIG VALLEY DIVISION "Koo' -lan-nap'-po and Hab '-be nap' -po (For references and synonomies consult Clear Lake (Han-nah-bah ) list). Baht-som'-ke-tem (batso'mkitem, Barrett). Camp on south shore Clear Lake 2* miles west of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo , 201, 1908). Baht-su'-me-se (batsui'mise, Barrett). Camp X mile west-southwest of St. Turibius Mission. Be-dum'-me-we-nah. Ku'-lan nap'-po name for Hab'-be nap'-po rancheria near Kelseyville.-CHM. Bo-awm'-le (b5o'mll, Barrett). Village in Lakeport, on knoll where Bellvenue Hotel now is.-Barrett. Hab'-be nap'-po. Tribe in eastem part of Big Valley nidiately east of the 'Koo'-lan nap'-po and between Adobe Creek and Cold Creek. Rancheria of same name on Kelsey Creek, about half a mile south of Clear Lake.-CHM. Hah-dah'-boo-toon (xada'biitin, Barrett). Uninhabited modern Koo'-lan nap'-po village 1 mile south-southeast of Lakeport. -Barrett. Hah'-dah-lahm (Xa'dalam, Barrett). Uninhabited modem Habbe nap- po village on east bank Adobe Creek 2* miles northwest of Kelseyville. Hi'-kah-lo-le-se (Xa'ikal5lise, Barrett). Uninhabited modem Hab'be nap'-po village i mile south-southeast of St. Turibius Mission. Hi'-ki-yah-oo (Xa'ikaiyafu, Barrett). Camp in small valley at head of Adobe Creek and 2+ miles southeast of Highland Springs. Hmah'-rah-ge-mo-we-nah (Hmalragimowina, Barrett). Hab'-be nap'-po village near west bank Kelsey Creek on "Lamb Ranch't, 1 mile south-southwest of St. Turibius Mission. 100 Kah-ba'-chah. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for Koo'-lan na'-po and Hab'-be nap'-po.-CHM. Kah-lah'-be-dah (kala'bida, Barrett). Camp on west shore Clear Lake 4 mile north of Lakeport (on L.P. Burger's place). -Barrett. Kah-lan' nap-po. Yo-ki'-ah name for Koo'-lan nap'-po. Kah-she'-bah-don (kaci'badon, Barrett). Koo'-lan-nap'-po village just within southern limit of Lakeport, on west shore Clear Lake; on east slope of knoll immediately south of flour mill.-Barrett. Kroeber says was principal town of Koo'-lan nap'-po. Kah-tot'. Koo'-lan nap'-po name for their principal rancheria, which was on the spot now occupied by the reservation rancheria at St. Turibius Mission.-CHM. Kah-tot'-nah po-te (kat3'tnapoti, Barrett). Kulanapo village near east bank "1Rumsey's Slough" (Carex Creek), about 3 miles southwest of St. Turibius Mission.-Barrett. Kah-tsah'-moo-gahl (Katsa'mugal, Barrett). (Koo-lan nap-po?) camp on west shore Clear Lake 1* miles north of Lakeport. -Barrett. Kah-wo'-ah-kah (Frog Springs). Former Koo'-lan nap'-po rancheria at Highland Springs. Barrett spells it kawoaxa and gives it as a camp 4 mile due east of Highland Springs on headwaters of Adobe Creek. Klam'-mi-am-fo (obviously slurred form of Kol'-lah-mi-am-fo). 'Ham'-fo name for Hab'-be' nap'po or koo'-lan nap'-po. -CHM. 'Koo'-lan nap'-po. Tribe of Clear Lake Pomo in western part of Big Valley, south of main body of Clear Lake and west of Adobe Creek. Name used by themselves and by the northern Clear Lake tribes.-CHM. 'Lah'-poot-soom (La'xpiutsum, Barrett). Hab'be nap'po camp on point projecting into Clear Lake on south shore 1 mile west of St. Turibius Mission.-Barrett. Le-shoo'-e-kah-le-ho-wah (Llciil'kalexowa. Barrett). Hab'-be nap'-po uninhabited modern village on west bank Kelsey Creek directly opposite Kelseyville.-Barrett. 101 Loo'-pu-yo' -me. Name used by various tribes and authors for old Hab-be nap-po village near Kelseyville. Mahn'-ah-tol (Ma'natol, Barrett). Uninhabited modern Hab'-be nap'-po village near east bank Adobe Creek, 2 miles west- northwest of Kelseyville.-Barrett. Na'-po-bat'in. Given by Gibbs as collective name (meaning "many houses") for Kulanapo, Habe-napo, Dahno-habe, Moal-kai, She-kum and How-ku-ma (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853). No'-bu-tu. (Kulanapo) camp on south shore Clear Lake near west bank Adobe Creek and 2 miles west of St. Turibius Mission. -Barrett. No'-nah-po-te (N5'nap5tI, Barrett). (Hab'be nap'po) village in east part of Kelseyville.-Barrett. Sed'-de-leu. Koo'-lan nap'-po name for old Hab'-be nap'-po village on Hulbert Ranch near Kelseyville.-CHM. Shah-ba-gawk (Cabe'gok, Barrett). (Hab'be nap'-po) village on both sides small stream emptying into Clear Lake at old camp site Lah'-poot-soom 1 mile west of St. Turibius Mission. -Barrett. So'-be-dah-me (S5'bidame, Barrett). (Hab'-be nap'-po) village on small wet-weather slough i mile a little west of south of St. Turibius Mission.-Barrett. Tsah'-lahl (Tsa'lal, Barrett). (Koo'-lan nap'-po) camp on south shore Clear Lake 2j miles west of St. Turibius Mission and on east bank of "Rumsey's slough".-Barrett. Tsahn'-mah-mah-oo (Tsa'nmamatl, Barrett). (Hab'be nap'-po) camp near east bank Kelsey Creek 4 miles up from Kelseyville.- Barrett. Tse-wish'-be-dah-me-nah-po-te (Tsiwl'cbidmtinap5ti, Barrett). (Koo'-lan nap'-po) canp on south shore Clear Lake 3 miles west of St. Turibius Mission; on slight elevation in the Tule. -Barrett. Tsu-bah'-hah-poot-soom (Tsuba'haputsTh, Barrett). (Hab'-be nap'-po) camp on south shore Clear Lake mile south of mouth of Kelsey Creek.-Barrett. Yo'-kah-koi'-bahch . Name used by Clear Lake Han-nah'-bahch for the 'Koo'-lan nap'-po.-CHM. 102 UPPER CLEAR LAKE TRIBES AND VILIAGES Including Upper Lake but not including Kulanapo of Big Valley or 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake.-CHM. Ah-ko-p'-shoo. Former Upper Lake rancheria; their own name. Also used by the Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi for Upper Lake Dan-no'-kah. -CHM. Bah-don-nah-po-te. Given by Barrett as village (now modern camp) on south slope of Bloody Island. Ba-ha-pal. Given by Barrett as village at foot of hills on east side Upper Lake Valley 4 mile east of town of Upperlake. Beh-kah'-rah. Hi-yow-bah--- rancheria west of Tule Lake.-CHM. Bo-al' ka'-ah. Scott Valley tribe, reaching Clear Lake north of Lakeport.-CHM. Bo'-chah-wel. Ki'-yow'-bah-- rancheria on west side of Tule Lake.-CHM. Dah-tsin'. Camp on west side Clear Lake 1+ mile south of Narrows.- CHM. Dan-no -hah-bah=h (or Dan-no'-kah). Upper Lake tribe holding valley of Middle Creek and Clover Creek (including the Ho-al'-lek of Middle Creek). Original rancheria on Clover Creek about 2 miles east of Upperlake village. Present remnants of both Ho-al'-lek and Dan-no'-kah are at Habl'-be-mat'-to-lil on Middle Creek.-CHM. Dan-no' ka'-ah (or Den'-no-hah ka'-ah). Yo-ki'-ah name for Upper Lake Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. Dan-nub-be-dow'. Small settlement (few houses) of She'-kum Pomo on purchased land on east side of road opposite Ne-po'-shel and on opposite side of Upper Lake from terri- tory of She'-kum tribe.-CHM. Dan-o-sho. Given by Barrett as village 1 mile east of Dan-no'- kah, on east slope of same hill. De-we-lem. Given by Barrett as village on small knoll i mile southeast of town of Upperlake. 103 Gah-li-ah-kal-a-yo. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Upper Lake, 1 mile north-northwest of Kabel. Hah'-be-mat'-to-lil' (or Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil). Village on Middle Creek 4 or 5 miles north of Upperlake village. Now occupied by remnants of both Dan-no'-kah and Ho-al'-lik.- CHM. Hah-ki'-yah. Dan-no'-kah rancheria a short distance north of Upper Lake on east side Ho-dan-no Mountain.-CHM. Hah-le-kah. Given by Barrett as village on northeast shore main body Clear Lake, 7 miles southeast of Upperlake village and 2 mile southeast of Bank Ranch village. ch ch Hah-nah'-bah-= (or Han-na-bah-=). Collective term applied by Potter Valley and Russian River tribes to all the Clear Lake tribes, except those of Sulphur Bank and Lower Lake, and now accepted by these tribes as a permissable name for themselves.-CHM. ch Har-raw. Ki-yow'-bah=- rancheria north of Tule Lake.-CHM. Ho-al'-lek. Former rancheria and band on west side Middle Creek about a mile north of Upper Lake. The Ho-al'-lek and Dan- no'-kah now live together at rancheria Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil on Middle Creek (on purchased land).-CHM. Hom'-chah-te. Given by Barrett as village j mile north of Tule Lake. Hopitsewah or Sacred Town. Given by Revere as largest village on west side Upper Lake. Ka-bel'. Dan-no'-kah village on west side of narrows between Upper Lake and main body of Clear Lake. -CHM. Kah-bah'-i. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Clear Lake 2x miles north of Lakeport. Kah-ki'-ow (or Kah-ki'-ah). Ki-yow'-bah- rancheria in Batchelor Valley.-CHM. Kah-kuhl'-kah-lah'-we-shal. She-kum rancheria among the oaks on east side Upper Lake Narrows. Name from Kah-kool' kah'-le, Blue Oak trees.-CHM. Kah-lah'-be-da. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Clear Lake i mile north of Lakeport. 104 Kah-le-sho-kon. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Clear Lake 13 miles north of Lakeport. Kah'-nal. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for Ki-yow'-bah~= at Blue Lakes. -CHM. Kah'-rah-ka. Given by Barrett as village on eastern border Scott Valley 1l miles north-northwest of Lakeport. Kaht-sah'-moo-gal. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Clear Lake 1* miles north of Lakeport. ch Ki-yow'-bah='=. Tribe in Tule Lake and Blue Lakes region. Language said to lean toward that of Potter Valley Pomo.-CHM. Ko'-bah-tap. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Clear Lake, 4 miles north of Lakeport. Kom-le. Given by Barrett as camp in Eight-mile Valley at head of Scott Creek 3 miles north-northeast of Red Mountain. Written Cum-le-bah by Palmer who gives it as a tribe at upper end of Scott Valley. Koo-shah'-dah-no (-yo). Former village on west side Upper Lake just west of the Soda spring.-CHM. Given by Barrett as village on south bank Scott Creek 2 mile southwest of Upperlake town. La'h-poot-soon. Given by Barrett as village on east side of narrows between Upper and Clear Lakes. Mah'-dan-no. Dan-no'-kah rancheria on slope of hill a little west of Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. Mah-mah'-mah-mah-oo. Given by Barrett as village on point pro- jecting into Tule Lake from north shore near outlet. Ma-tel-nah-po-te. Given by Barrett as camp on east shore Upper Lake probably 33 miles south-southeast of Upperlake town. Mi-ye'. Given by Barrett as village at foot of hills on extreme west side Upper Lake Valley, a little north of Scott Creek where it cuts divide between Tule Lake and Upper Lake Valley. Spelled Mayi by KroebeA who calls it an important village. (Must be Ki-yow'-bahS.-CHM.) Na-po'-shel. Present rancheria of She'-kum tribe on purchased land 1+ mile south of Upperlake village. Their own name, but location on opposite (W) side of Upper Lake from their own territory. -CHM. 105 No-baw'-ral. Given by Barrett as village on west bank Scott Creek, 2f miles north-northwest of Lakeport. Oo-pawt'-nu. Round Valley 'Yuke' name for Upper Lake Dan-no'- kah.-CHM. Po-lit-soo-wi. Given by Barrett as camp on west shore Upper Lake 32 miles south-southwest of Upperlake town. Sah-mah'-kah-na. Given by Barrett as village on west bank Scott Creek 32 miles north-northwest of Lakeport. Se2b-hah-go. Dan-no'-kah summer camp on east side Upper Lake just east of Bloody Island.-CHM. Se'-wah-kal. Given by Barrett as village on west slope and near summit of ridge west of Clear Lake, 2 miles north of Lakeport. She-kum'-bah---. Tribe on east side Clear Lake from southern part of Upper Lake to Floyd Hill. Commonly called She'-kum from village of same name at Morrison Landing on east side of Clear Lake.-CHM. She-wah. Given by Barrett as village on east shore Upper Lake near north extremity, almost due east of Bloody Island. Shnalkeya. Given by Hudson (MS 1906) as small Kulanapan tribe living near town of Upperlake at head of Clear Lake. Sho-ke. Potter Valley Pomo name for Upper Lake Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. Tah-ah' be-dum-me. Dan-no'-kah village on hill a little south of Upperlake village.-CHM. Tah-ah-we-na. Given by Barrett as village on south slope of small ridge just north of Bald Mountain (probably Floyd Hill) 4+ miles south-southeast of Bank Ranch village, and 2 miles southeast of Morrison Landing. ch Te'-rah-kah. Ki-yow'-bah-= village at Briar Spring on south side Tule Lake.-CHM. Tse-yah-kah-ba-yo. Given by Barrett as village on creek tributary to Middle Creek heading on south side Buckner Mountain. Tsi'-no-mah-sam-fo (Tsi-no-sus-sa). 'Ham'-fo name for tribe at Upperlake. -CHM. Ye-mah'-bah~=. Tribe in southern part of Scott Valley. Their name for themselves. Best regarded as division of Bo-al' ka-ah.-CHM, 106 Yo-boo-too-i. Given by Barrett as village near west bank Scott Creek 2 miles south-southwest of Upperlake town. Written Yo-voo-too-ea by Palmer (1881) who located it on Tule Lake. Yo'-to-gah-go. Given by Barrett as camp in very small valley on head of Scott Creek, 2j miles northeast of Red Mountain. 107 ch HAN-NAH'-BAH CLEAR lAKE TRIBES AND VILIAGE This list comrises the Upper Lake and main Clear Lake tribes, including the Kulanapo and Habenapo of Big Valley, but not including the Ki-yow'-bahCh of Tule Lake, Blue Lakes, and Batchelor Valley, or the 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake. The Ki-yow'-bahch and 'Ham'-fo represent different groups of the stock and speak dialects quite distinct from that of the Han-nah' -bahch -CHM. Ah-kop' -shoo. Former rancheria of Upper Lake Dan-no' -kah at or near site of Upperlake Village. Their own name; applied to them also by the Kah'-tahwe chum'-mi of Healdsburg. Called Dan-no' ka'-ah by the Yo-ki'-ah; Sho-ke by the Potter Valley Po-mo'-ke-chah'; and Tsi'-no-mah-sam-fo by the Lower Lake 'Ham'-fo.-CHM. Bado'nnap5ti (Bah-don' -nah-po-te, Barrett). (Dan-no'-kah) village (now modern camp) on south slope Bloody Island at extreme north end of Upper Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 189 and map, 1908). Synonomy: Badonnaoti (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 231, 974, 1925). Baht-som'-ke-tem (Bats3'kikltem, Barrett). (Kulanapo) camp on south shore Clear Lake 2+ miles west of St. Turibius Mission. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 201, 1908). Baht-su'-me-se (BatsWl'mlse, Barrett). (Kulanapo) camp i mile west-southwest of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 201, 1908). Bank Ranch. (She'-kum) village of 6 houses and about 20 inhab- itants on northeast shore of Clear Lake about 6 miles south- east of Upperlake town (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 186, 1908). Bats5'mkitem (Barrett 1908). See Baht-som'-ke-tem. Batsti'mise (Barrett 1908). See Baht-su'-me-se. Be-dah-me-we-nah. See Bida'miwina (Barrett) in synonomy of Be-dum'-me-we-nah. Be-dum'-me-we-nah. 'Ku'-lan nap'-po name for 'Hab'-be nap'po rancheria near Kelseyville.-CH*f. (1* miles down from Kelseyville.-Barrett.) Synonomy: BIda'miwlna (pronomced Be-dah'me-we-nah; Hah-be-nappo, village on east bank Kelsey Creek, lj miles down from Kelseyville; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 197, Feb. 1908); Bidamiwina (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., p. 228, 1925). 108 Behe'pal (Be-he'-pahl). Old (Danno'keh) village on east side of Upper Lake Valley about 3 mile east of town of Upper Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 188, 1908). Sometimes called ca'behe (Gah'-be-he) which see. Bida'Tmiwlna (Barrett 1908), Bidamiwina (Kroeber 1925). See Be-dum' -me-we-nah. Bo-al' kl'-ah. Tribe in northern part of Scott Valley. Name usually stretched to cover the Ye-mahI-bahch in southern part of Scott Valley.-CHM. Synonomy: Boalkea (Kroeber in Handbook Am. Indians, 155, 1907); Boil-kai-pomo (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 231, Index, 984, 1925); Boil-ka-ya (Palmer, Hist. Napa and Lake Counties, pub. Slocum, Bowen & Co., pp. 35, 37, 1881); Boil-ka-ya (Barrett, after Palmer, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908; see also No-baw'-rahl); Mo-al-kai (18 Calif. Treaties, 1852, Senate reprint, pp. 4, 53, 56, 1905); Moal-kai (John McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Special Session, p. 136, 1853); Moal-kai (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109, 1853; see also Na'-po bati'n); Moalkai (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races, I, 451, 1874); Mo-al-kai (Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, Pt. 2, p. 784, 1899, Publ. 1901; without hyphens p. 956); Moal-kai (Barrett, after Gibbs); and Moal-kai (after McKee; Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908; see also No-baw'-rah, main list); Moal-kai or Boil-kai-pomo (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 231, 1925); Moal-kai-pomo (Index, p. 984). Bo-awm'-le (B5o'mli, Barrett). (Kulenapo) village in Lakeport, on knoll where Bellevenue Hotel now is (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 195, 1908)0 Synonomy: Boomli (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 229, 1925). Boalkea (Kroeber in Hdbook 1907). See Bo-al' ka'-ah. Boil-kai-pomo (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Bo-al' ka'-ah. Boil-ka-ya (Palmer 1881; Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Bo-al' ka' -ah. Boo'mli (Barrett 1908), Boomli (Kroeber 1925). See Bo-awm'-le. Ca-ba-na-po (McKee 1853). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'po and of Koo ' -lan nap' po. Cabe'gok (Barrett 1908). See Shah-ba'-gawk. Ca-la-na-po (18 Calif. Treaties 1852). See synonomy of Koo-la-na'- po and 'Hab-be nap'-po. 109 Che-com ('18 Calif. Treaties, 1852, 1905). See She-kum-'-bah9h. Cigom (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of She-kum-bah-. Cigomites (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of She-kuml'-bah Ciwa' (Barrett 1908). See She-wah'. Cum-le-bah (Palmer 1881). See Kom'-le. Dah-no-habe (Gibbs 1852). See Dan-no'-hah-bah2h. Dah-no'-be-dah-oo. See Dano'bidau (Barrett) in synonomy of Dan-nub-be-dow' . Dah-no'-shaw (Dano'co, Barrett). (Dan-no-kah) village mile east of Don5'xa (Dan-no'-kah) on east slope of same hill (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Poro, 188, 1908). Dah-tsin'. Camp on west side of Clear Lake -l- miles south of Narrows.-CHM. Barrett gives it a + mile back from lake. Synonomy: Da'tsin (Fishing camp . mile back from lake; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 159, 1908). Dan-no'-hah-bahch (or Dan-no'-kah). Upper Lake tribe holding valley of Middle Creek and Clover Creek (including the Ho-al'-lek of Middle Creek). Original rancheria on Clover Creek about 2 miles east of Upperlake village. Present remnants of both Ho-al'-lek and Dan-no'-kah are at Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil on Middle Creek.-CHM. Synonomy: Dah-no-habe (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109, 1853; see also Na'-po-bat'in); Dahnohabe (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races, I, 451, 1874); Dahnohabe (Handbook Amer. Indians, after Gibbs, Pt. 1, p. 375, 1907); Dan-no' kS-ah or Den'-no-hah ka'-ah (Yo-ki'-ah name for Upper Lake tribe. CHM); Danoha (Village community some miles up eastern tributary of lower Scott Creek; Kroeber, Hdbook Indians Calif., 231, 1925); Da-no-ha-bo (Mention; '18 Calif. Treaties', 1852; Senate reprint, 4, 53, 55, 1905); Da-no-ha-bo (Mention; C.C. Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, Pt. 2, p. 784, 1901; written Danohabo, p. 954); Danokakea (Mason, after Hudson, Aboriginal Amer. Basketry, 328, 1904); Danokakea (Barrett, after Hudson, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 188, 1908); Danokha, DanoXa (Village on north shore Clear Lake; Barrett, in handbook Amer. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 382, 1907); DanoXa (Hdbook 1907; see Danokha); Danoxa, Dah-no-hah (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 188, 1908); Danoxa (Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, 207, 1926); Den'-no-hah-ka'-ah (See Dan-no' ka'-ah); Di-noo-ha-vah ('Koo'-lan-nap'-po name for band on north side of head of Clear Lake, east of head of Clear Lake; Palmer Hist. Napa 110 ch Dan-no' -hah-bahli. Synonomy: Continued. and Lake Counties, Calif., pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., pp. 35, 37, spelled Di-no-ha-vah, p. 37, 1881); Di-noo-ha-vah (Barrett, quoting Palmer, Etho-Geog. Pomo, 188, 1908); Do-no-ha-be (Tribe in council at camp Lupiyuma, Clear Lake; McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Special Session, p. 136, 1853). Dan-no' k7-ah (or Den'-no-hah ka'-ah). Yokiah name for Upper Lake Tribe.-CHM. See synonomy of Dan-no'-hah-bahch. Dan-nub-be-dow'. Small settlement (few houses) of She'-kum Poo on purchased land on east side of road opposite Na-po'-shel (1jr miles south of Upperlake village) on opposite side of Upper Lake from territory of She'-kum tribe. -CHM. Synonomy: Dano'bidau, Dah-no'-be-dah-oo, or Napo'cal, Nah-po'-shanl (Camp site on west shore of Upper Lake at its north extremity; Also called Fishcamp by both whites and Indians; Barrett, Etho-Geog. Pomo, 191, 1908); Danobidau, Napocal (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Mem. Vol., 77, 1923). Dano'bidau (Barrett 1908) and Danobidau (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of Dan-nub-be-dow'. Dano'co (Barrett 1908). See Dah-no-shaw. Danoha (Kroeber 1925). See Dan-no'-hah-bahch. Danohabo (Royce 1899, 1901). See Dan-no'-hah-bah-=h-. Danokakea (Mason 1904). See synonomy of Dan-no-hah-bahch. ch Danokha (Handbook 1907). See Dan-no'-hah-bah==. ch Dano'xa (Barrett 1908) Danoxa (Loeb 1926). See Dan-no'-hah-bah=h. Da'tsin (Barrett 1908). See Dah-tsin'. Den'-no-hah ka'-ah (or Dan-no' ka'-ah). Yo-ki'-ah name for Upper Lake Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. De-we'-lem (Diwi'lem, Barrett). (Dan-no'-kah) village on small knoll i mile southeast of town of Upperlake. Present residence on Rice Estate stands on site (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomoc 188, 1908). Di-no-ha-vah, Di-noo-ha-vah (Palmer 1881). See Dan-no'-hah-bahCh. Diwi'lem (Barrett 1908). See De-we'-lem. 1ll Do-ne-ha-be (McKee 1851, 1853). See synonomy of Dan-no'-hah-bah Ga'behe (Barrett 1908). See Behe'pal. Gah'-be-he (Ga'behe, Barrett). See Behelpal. Gah-li'-ah-kah-la-yo (Galatiakaleyo, Barrett). Camp on west shore Upper Lake 1 mile north-northwest of Ka-bel' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 190, Feb. 1908). Gala'iakaleyo (Barrett 1908). See Gah-li'-ah-kah-la-yo. Ghula-napo (Hdbook. 1907) and Ghulanapo (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan-na-po. Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil. See Hah'-be-mat'-to-lil. 'Hab'-be nap'-po. Clear Lake tribe occupying eastern part of Big Valley between Adobe Creek and Cold Creek, immediately east of 'Koo'-lan nap'-po. Rancheria of same name on Kelsey Creek, about half a mile south of Clear Lake. Another rancheria, called Be-dum'-me-we-nah, was near Kelseyville.-CHM. Synonomy: Ca-ba-na-po (Tribe in council at Camp Lupiyuma, Clear Lake, Aug. 18, 20, 1851; John McKee Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Special Session, p. 136, 1853; spelled Ca-la-na-po in 18 Calif. Treaties); Ca-la-na-po (Tribe meeting U.S. Treaty Commr. at Camp Lu-pi-yu-ma on Clear Lake, Aug. 20, 1851; 18 Calif. Treaties, 1852; Senate Reprint, 4, 53, 55, 1905; see also Ca-ba-na-po); Habe-napo (One of the Clear Lake tribes; Gibbs, 1852, in Schoolcraft, III, 109, 1853; see also Napobat'in); Habe Napo (Redick McKee in Schoolcraft, III, p. 634, 1853); Habenapo or "stone house" (Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 451, 1874); Habe-nap-o (Lyman L. Palmer, Hist. Napa and Lake Counties, Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, pp. 35, 37, Lake Co., 1881; see also Ha-be-nap-po); 1tHabe-na-po, or Kabinapek, the stone people of Bidamiwina" (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., p. 228, 1925; written Habe-napo, p. 232); Ha-be-nap-po (Palmer, Hist. Napa and Lake Counties, Slocum, Bowen and Co., p. 4, Napa Co., 1881); Ha-bi-na-pa (John McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Special Session, p. 136, 1853); Ha-bi-na-pa (18 Calif. Treaties, Secret Doc. 1852, Senate Reprint, 4, 53, 55, 1905); Ha-bi-na-po (C.C. Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, Part 2, p. 784, 1899 publ. 1901; written Habinapo, p. 954); Habinassa, Habenapo (Palmer, after Napa Reporter of 1860, Hist. of Lake and Napa Counties, pp. 68-69 of Lake Co., 1881); 'Hah-be' Kol'-im-fo ('Ham'-fo, of Lower Lake, name for Hab'-be nap'-po.-CHM); Kabe napo (Mason, after Hudson, Aboriginal American Basketry, Report U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1902, p. 329, 1904); Kabenapo or Rock People (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Basket and their Makers, 112 'Hab '-be-nap ' -po. Synonomy: Continued. Land of Sunshine, p. 444, Dec. 1901); Kabe'naps (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, p. 192, 1908); Kabenapo (Loeb , Pomo Folkways, 205, Sept. 29, 1926; spelled Xabe napo and xabe napo on p. 234); Ka'-bi-na-pek (Village on Lower Kelsey Creek; Powers, Tribes of Calif., p. 204, 1877; Vocab. 504- 508); Kabinapek (Wihl. Herzog, after Powers, Verwandtschaft des Yumassprachstammes, Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, X, 457, 1878; "another version of Habe-napo"; Kroeber, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 232, 1925); Kabinapek (Kroeber, after Powers, Handbook Indians Calif., p. 232, 1925); Kabinapo (Mason, Aboriginal American Basketry, Report U.S. Nat. Mus. for 1902, p. 368, 1904); Khabenapo (Barrett in Handbook Am. Inds., Pt. i, p. 677, 1907); "Lu-pa-yu-ma" (Name, meaning 'stonehouse', used by Indians of Coyote Valley on Putah Creek; Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853); Lu-pi-yu-ma (Name applied to Clear Lake Indians of Big Valley, Kelsey Creek region, in 1851 by Major H.W. Wessells in conand of soldiers escorting Redick McKee, Indian Treaty Counr. to Clear Lake, 1851; House Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong. 3rd. Session, p. 60, 1857); Lupuyama (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., p. 232, 1925); "Rock Tribe" (See Xabenapo, Loeb); Rock People (See Kabenapo, Purdy); Xabenapo "Rock Tribe", xabe napo (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 234, Sept. 1926); for village synonomies see under Loo'-pu-yo'-me and be-dum' -me-we-nah. Habel or Kabel (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Ka-bel'. Habe-napo (Gibbs 1853); Habe Napo (R. McKee 1853); Habenapo (Bancroft 1874); Habe-nap-o (Palmer 1881); Habe-na-po (Kroeber 1925); Ha-be-nap-po (Palmer 1881). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Ha-bi-na-pa (J. McKee 1853; 18 Calif. Treaties 1852); Ha-bi-na-po (Royce 1901); Habinassa (Palmer 1881). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Hadabutun (Kroeber 1925). See Hah-dah'-boo-toon. Hadalam (Kroeber 1925). See Hah'-dah-lahm. Hagashobagil (Kroeber 1925). See Hah'-gah-sho-bah-gil. Hah-be' Koi'-im-fo. See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. HahI-be-matr-to-lil (or Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil). Village on Middle Creek 4 or 5 miles north of Upperlake village. Now occupied by remnants of both Dan-no'-kan and Ho-al'-lek.-CHM. Synonomy: Kabgmat3'lil (pronounced Kah-ba-mah-to'-lil; Barrett,, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 186, 1908); Khabemadolil (Hand- book, from Kroeber MS, 677. 1907). 113 Hah-bi' (Xaba'i, Barrett). See Kah-bi' (Kaba'i, Barrett)0 Hah-dah'-boo-toon (Xada'biitiin, Barrett). Uninhabited modern (Kulanapo) village 1 mile south-southeast of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 198, 1908). Synonomy: Hadabutun (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). Hah' -dah-lahm (Xa' dalam, Barrett). Uninhabited modern Habenapo village on "Clark Ranch" on west bank Kelsey Creek, 1 mile south of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 199, 1908). Synonomy: Hadalam (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). Hah'-gah-sho-bah-gil (Xa'gacobagil, Barrett). Habenapo village on site of present village of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 197, 1908). Synonomy: Hagashobagil (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). Hah-ki'-yah. Dan-no'-kah rancheria a short distance north of Upper Lake on east side Ho-dan-no Mountain.-CHM. Hah-le-bem' (Xallbe'm, Barrett). (Habenapo) village on east bank Adobe Creek 21 miles northwest of Kelseyville (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 198, 1908). Halibem (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook, Inds. Calif., 229, 1925). Hah'-le-kah (Ha'lika, Barrett). (She'-kum) village on northeast shore main body Clear Lake, 7 miles southeast of Upperlake village and 2 mile southeast of Bank Ranch village (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 190, 1908). Hah-nah'_bahch (or Han-na-bahch). Collective term for all tribes of main Clear Lake. Originally applied by Potter Valley and Russian River tribes to all Clear Lake tribes except those of Sulphur Bank and Lower Lake, and now accepted by main Clear Lake tribes as a pennissible name for themselves.-CHM. Synonomy: H'hana (Erroneously placed by Bartlett on upper Sacramento River, Calif.; Bartlett, Personal Narrative II, 7-8, 1854; Bartlett in Powers, Tribes Calif., 492, H'hana vocab. given as Pomo, 504-508, 1877; Vocab. obtained from "stray Pomo at San Diego"; translit- eration of vocabulary; Gibbs, S.I. Colls., 558; Hdbook., after Bartlett, Pt. I, p. 678, 1907); Khakaiauwa (Said to be a collective name for the Pomo villages on upper Clear Lake, Calif.; Handbook, after Kroeber MS., 1903, Pt. I, p. 678, 1907); Khana (A term descriptively applied to the Pomo of Clear Lake; Hdbook., after Barrett inf'm. 1906, Pt. I, p. 678, 1907). Haikalolise (Kroeber 1925). See Hi'-kah-lo-le-se. 114 Halibem (Kroeber 1925). See Hah-le-bem'. Ha'lika (Barrett 1908). See Hah'-le-kah. H'hana (Bartlett 1854). See synonomy of Han-nah'-bahch Hi'-kah-lo-le-se (Xa'ikalolise, Barrett). Uninhabited modern (Habe napo) village - mile south-southeast of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 199, 1908). Haika- lolise (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 978, 1925). H'-ki-yah-oo (Xa'ikaiyau, Barrett). (Kulanapo) camp in small valley at head of Adobe Creek and 2w miles southeast of Highland Springs (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Poma, p. 204, 1908). Hmah'-rah-ge-mo-we-nah (Hma' raglimwina, Barrett). (Habenapo) village near west bank Kelsey Creek on "Lamb Ranch" 1 mile south-southwest of St. Turibius Missicon (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 197, 1908). Hmaragiwm -wina (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 979, 1908). Hm' ragimwia (Barrett 1908); aagino-wina (Kroeber 1925). See Hmah'-rah-ge-mo-we-nah. Ho-al'-lek. Former rancheria and band on west side Middle Creek about a mile north of Upper Lake. The Ho-al'-lak and Dan-no'-kah now live together at rancheria Habl-be-mat'- to-lil on Middle Creek (on purchased land).-CHM. Synonomy: Hwoi-lak or Quoi-lac (Kulanapo name for tribe; Palmer's Hist. Lake and Napa Couties, 35, 37, 1881); Khoalek ("Village"; Hdbook, from Kroeber MS 1903, p. 679, 1907); Quoi-lack (Palmer 1881; see Hwoi-lak); "Quoi-lak or Hwoi-lak" (Barrett, after Palmer, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 187 ftnote., 1908); X5'walek, Ho'-wah-lek (Village; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Po, 187, 1908). Ho' -hla-nap-po. See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap' -po. Hoo-la-nap-po (Palmer 1881). See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap'-po. Hopitsewah or Sacred Town. Given by Revere as largest village on west side Upper Lake. Synonomy: "Hopitse-wah or Sacred Town" (Revere, Tour of Duty, 130, 1849); Hopitsewah (Bancroft, after Revere, Hist. Calif., V, 297 ftnote., 1886; Handbook, after Revere, Pt. I, 568, 1907). Ho'-wah-lek. See X3'walek (Barrett) in synonomy of Ho-al'-lek. Hula-napo (Gibbs 1852; Bancroft 1874). See synonomy of 'Koo'- lan nap'-po. 115 Huta-napo. Misprint for Hula-napo. See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap ' -PO 0 Hwoi-lak (Palmer 1881). See synonomy of Ho-al'-lek. Kaba'i (Barrett 1908). See Kah-bi'. Ka-bel'. Dan-no'-kah village on west side of Narrows between Upper Lake and main body of Clear Lake. A famous fishing village where other Clear Lake tribes were allowed to come to camp and fish.-CHM. Synonomy: Kabe'l or Xabe'l, Hah-bel' (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 157, 186, 1908); Kabel or Habel (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 231, 1925); Kabel (Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, 207, Sept. 29, 1926); Xabe'l (See Kabe'l, Barrett). Kab5matoflil (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil. Kabenapo (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Ka-bi-na-pek (Powers 1877), Kabinapek (Herzog 1878), and (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Kaci'badon (Barrett 1908). See Kah-she'-bah-don. Kah-ba-chah. Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for Koo'-lan nap'-po and Hab'-be nap'-po.-CHM. Kah-ba-mah-to'-lil. See Kabemato'lil (Barrett) in synonomy of Hab'-be-mat'-to-lil. Kah-bi' or Hah-bi' (Kaba'i or Xaba'i, Barrett). (Bo-al-ka'-ah) camp on west shore Clear Lake 21 miles north of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908). Kah-kuhl'-kah-lah'-we-shal. She'-kum rancheria among the oaks on east side Upper Lake Narrows. Name from Kah-kool' kah'-le, Blue oak trees.-CHM. Synonomy: KakiilkalewiLcal (Village; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 189, 1908); Kakulkalewical (Northernmost Cigom, She'-kum, tract; Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Mem. Vol., 85, 86, 1923). Kah-lah'-be-dah (Kala'bida, Barrett). (Kulanapo?) camp on west shore Clear Lake 3 mile north of Lakeport (on L.P. Burger's place) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 159, 1908). Kah-lan' nap-po. Yo-ki'-ah name for Koo'-lan nap'-po.-CHM. 116 Kah-le'-sho-kawn (Kale'c3kon, Barrett). Camp on western shore Clear Lake 1 miles north of Lakeport (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908). Kah'-rah-kah (Ka'raka, Barrett). (Bo-al-ka'-ah?) village on east border Scott Valley lA miles north-northwest of Lake- port. Part or all on ranch of J.F. Burger (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908). Kah-she'-bah-don (Kaci 'bad5n, Barrett). (Kulanapo) village just within southern limit of Lakeport, on west shore Clear Lake, on east slope of knoll immediately south of flour mill (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 196, 1908). Synonomy: Kashibadon (Principal town of the Kulanapo; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 228, 229, 232, 1925). Kah-tZ5't. Kulanapo name for their principal rancheria, which was on the spot now occupied by the reservation rancheria at St. Turibius Mission.-CHM. Kah-tot'-nah-po-te. See Kat5'tnap5ti (Barrett). Kah-tsah'-mu-gal (Katsa'mugal, Barrett). Camp on western shore Clear Lake 1* miles north of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 159, 1908). Kah-wo'-ah-kah (Frog Springs). Former Kulanapo rancheria at Highland Springs.-CHM. Synonomy: Kawo' axa, Kah-wo'-ah-ha (Camp E mile due east of Highland Springs on head waters of Adobe Creek; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 203, 1908). Kakli'lkalewical (Barrett 1908), Kaklkalewica (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of Kah-kuhl'-kah-lah'-we-shal, Kala'bida (Barrett 1908). See Kah-lah'-be-dah. Kala'leo. Old camp site on northwest corner of Clear Lake 1 mile south of Ka-bel (Narrows).-CHM. Synonomy: Kile'lio (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908; Not to be confused with place of same name on east side of Buckingham Peninsula, in territory of 'Ham'-fo.-CHM). Kale'cokon (Barrett 1908). See Kah-le'-sho-kawn. Ka'raka (Barrett 1908). See Kah'-rah-kah. Kashibadon (Kroeber 1925). See Kah-she-bah-d5n. 117 Kat6' tnapott (pronounced Kah-to't-nah-po-te). (Kulanapo) village near east bank "Rumsey's Slough" (Carex Creek), about 3 miles southwest of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 196, 1908). Synonomy: Kato-napo-ti (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 229, 1925). Katsa'miugal (Barrett 1908). See Kah-tsah'-mu-gahl. Kawo'axa (Barrett 1908). See Kah-wo'-ah-kah. Khabemadolil (Handbook 1907). See synonomy of Hah'-be-mat'-to-lil. Khabenapo. See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Khana (Hdbk. Am. Inds. 1907). See synonomy of Han-nah'-bahCh Khoalek (Hdbook. 1907). See synonomy of Ho-al'-lek. Kile'lio (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Kala'leo. Klam'-mi-am-fo (obviously slurred form of Kol'-lah-mi-am-fo). 'Ham'-fo name for Habbe' nap'po or 'Koo'-lan nap'-po.-CHM. Ko'batap and Ko'batamk (Ko'-bah-tahp). (Bo-al-ka'-ah) camp on west shore Clear Lake, 4 miles north of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908). Kol'-lah-mi-am-fo. Koi'-im-fo name for "Mission tribe" ('Koo'- lan nap'-po).-CHM. See also Klam'-mi-am-fo. K5m'-le. Tribe and rancheria formerly located on ground now covered by northern part of city of Ukiah. Stephen Knight, a trustworthy Yokiah Indian, was told by an old Yokiah woman, (Mother-in-law of Dan Scott, a Lah-ta of Yorkville) that many years ago (several hundred years ago, Knight thinks) the Kom-le occupied the northern part of Yokiah Valley, including present site of Ukiah and the asylum at Talmage. They quarreled with the Yokiah and were driven out of the valley, crossing the mountains to the east and settling in Scott Valley, Lake Co. Some of the old people say the Kom-le established themselves on the narrow flat between Blue Lakes and ColdhCreek (but this was in the territory of the Ki-yowI-bahc tribe). Knight does not believe this. Where the Kom-le came from "no one knows". Stephen Knight adds, "They spoke a language half Yokiah and half Calpella (Mah-soo'-tah-ki'-ah) .-CHM. Barrett gives the location of the Scott Valley settlement as in Eight-Mile Valley at head of Scott Creek, 3 miles north-northeast of Red Mt. (Ethno-Geog. PoU, 158, 1908). Synonomy: Cum-le-bah ('Koo-lan nap-po name for tribe in upper end of Scott 118 Kom'le. Synonomy: Continued. Valley, on the Deming place; Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif.; pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, 35, 37, 1881); Cum-le-bah (Barrett, after Palmer, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908); ko'mll (Old camp site in Eight- Mile Valley at head of Scott Creek, about 3 miles north- northeast of Red Mountain; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908; old village of same name at Ukiah; Ibid. 137-138); Komli (The Komli people as a whole left their village in the north end of Ukiah Valley, journeyed up the East Fork of Blue Lakes, and finally settled in Scott Valley; Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., pp. 235-236, 1925); Komli ("Scott's valley tribe"; Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, p. 207, 1926); Scott's valley tribe (See Komli, Loeb). 'Koo'-lan-na-po. Tribe of Clear Lake Pomo in western part of Big Valley, south of main body of Clear Lake and west of Adobe Creek. Name used by themselves and by the northern Clear Lake tribes.-CHM. Synonomy: Ca-ba-na-po (Tribe in council at Camp Lupiyuma, Clear Lake, Aug. 18, 20, 1851; McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Spec. Sess., p. 136, 1853; spelled Ca-la-na-po in 18 Treaties); Ca-la-na-po (Tribe meeting U.S. Treaty Commr. at camp Lu-pi-yu-ma on Clear Lake, August 20, 1951; 18 Calif. Treaties, 1852; Senate reprint, 4, 53, 55, 1905; see also Ca-ba-na-po); Calanapo (C.C. Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, Pt. 2, p. 952, 1899, publ. 1901); Ghula-napo (A.L. Kroeber, Inf'n, 1906; Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 732, 1907); Ghulanapo (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 226, 1926); Ho'-hla-nap'-po (Pronunciation given me by member of the tribe at the mission village in August 1906); Hoo-la-nap-po (Tribe just below Lakeport on place formerly owned by Dr. J.S. Downes; L.L. Palmer, History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., Slocum, Bowen, and Co., San Francisco, pp. 35, 37, 1881; written Hoo-la-nap-po, p. 4); Hula-napo (Gibbs, 1852, in Schoolcraft, III, 109, 1853); Hila-napo (Bancroft, after Gibbs, Native Races, I, 451, 1874); Huta-napo (Misprint for Hula-napo; Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1874); Kah-lan' nap-po (Yo-ki'-ah name for 'Koo'-lan-nap'-po.-CHM); Klam'-mi-am-fo ('Ham-fo name for tribe west of north part of Lower Lake.- CHM); Kol-lah-mi-am-fo (Koi-im-fo name for 'Koo-lan-na'-pO. -CHM); Kuhlanapo (lit. 'yellow water-lily village'; Barrett, in'f. 1906, in Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 732, 1907); Kuhla-napo (Kroeber, after Barrett, Handbook Inds. Calif., p. 232, 1925); Kuhlanapo (Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, pp. 207-210, spelled Kuhlenapo on p. 209; "Water Lily Tribe", kuhlanapo, 234, Sept. 1926); Kuhlenapo (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 209, Sept. 29, 1926); Kula-napo (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 421, vocabulary 428-434, 1853); Kula-napo (Ludewig, Aboriginal Languages, 97, 1858); Kulanapo (W.W. Turner, 119 'Koo'-lan-na'po. Synonomy: Continued. after Gibbs, in Ludewig, Aboriginal Languages, 212, 239, 1858); Kulanapo (Buschmann, K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin fur 1859, 505, 1860; Phililog. u. hist. abhand.); Kulanapo (Bancroft, Nat. Races, III, 643-644, 647, 1875); Kulanapo (Gatschet, Ind. Languages Pacific States, Mag. Am. Hist., I, 162, 1877); Ku-la-na-po (Powell, Vocabularies, p. 492, Vocab. 505-508, 1877); Ku-la-na-po (Power, Tribes of Calif., 492, vocabulary 428-434, 1877); Kulanapo "Latham, Trans. Phililog. Soc. Lond., 77, 1856" (quoted by Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 87, 1891); KuLanapo (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 192, Feb. 1908); Kulenapo (Wihl. Herzog, Verwandtschaft des Yumassprachstanues, Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, X, 458, 1878; on same page, 458, spelled also Kulanapo, Kulenopo); Kura napo (Mason, after Hudson, Aborig. Amer. Basketry, Report Nat. Mus., 1902, p. 329, 1904); Palanapo (Name used for Ku'-lan nap-po; Carl Purdy, The Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, Land of Sunshine, 442, Dec. 1901; changed in reprint to Talanapo, which see); (Pond-lily people) Talanapo (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, 2nd ed., 9, 1902); Talanapo (Pond-lily people; Error for Koo-lan nap-po; Carl Purdy, Pomro Indian Baskets and their Makers, 2nd ed., 5, 9, 1902; printed Palanapo in 1st ed. Land of Sunshine, 1901); "Water Lily Tribe" (See Kuhlanapo, Loeb); YoI-kah-koi-bahch (Name used by Clear Lake Han-nahI-bahcn for 'Koo'-lan nap'-po.-CHM). Koo-shah'-dah-no. Former village on west side of Upper Lake just west of the Soda Spring.-CHM. Synonomy: kiuca'danoy5, Ku-shah'-dah-no-yo (On Scott Creek 1y miles southwest of Upperlake village; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Poro, 187, 1908). Kuanapan stock (typog. error for Kulanapan; Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 310 ftnote., 1926). kiuca'danoyo (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Koo-shah-dah-no. Kuhlanapo (Barrett in Hdbook. 1907), Kuhla-napo (Kroeber 1925), Kuhlanapo (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan na'-po. Kuhlenapo (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of Koo'-lan na'-po. Kula-napo (Gibbs 1853; Ludewig 1858); Kulanapo (Latham 1856 quoted by Powell 1891; Turner 1858; Buschmann 1860; Bancroft 1875; Gatschet 1877); Ku-la-na-po (Powell 1877; Powers 1877); kulanapo (Barrett 1908); Kulenapo, Kulenopo (Herzog 1878). Kura napo (Mason 1904). See synonomy of Koo'-lan na'-po. Ku-shah'-dah-no-yo. See kMca'danByo (Barrett) in synonomy of Koo- shah' -dah-no. 120 'Lah'-poot-soom (La'xpltsum, Barrett). Camp on point projecting into Clear Lake on south shore 1 mile west of St. Turebius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 201, 1908). La'xpiutsT (Barrett 1908). See 'Lah'-poot-soom. Le-shoo'-e-kah-le-ho-wah (licil' kalex5wa, Barrett). Uninhabited modern village on west bank Kelsey Creek directly opposite Kelseyville (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 200, 1908). licu'ikalexowa (Barrett 1908). See Le-shoo'-e-kah-le-ho-wah. Lopillamillos or Lupilomis (Taylor 1860; Bancroft 1874; and Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo'-me. Loo'-pu-yo'-me. Name used by various tribes and authors for old Hab'-be nap'-po village near Kelseyville.-CHM. (Not to be confused with Loo'-pu-yo'-me on east side of Lower Lake, nor with the one in Tuleyome Valley 3 or 4 miles south of Lower Lake.) Synonomy: ?Lopillamillos or Lupilomis (Tribe on Clear Lake; Taylor, Calif. Farmer, Mar. 30, 1860; indefinite); ?Lopillamillos or Lupilomis (Bancroft, after Taylor, Nat. Races, I, 451, 1874; Lopillamillos located northeast of main body of Clear Lake, map opp. p. 322); ?Lopillamillos or Lupilomis (Barrett, after Taylor, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 195, 233, 1908); Lu-pa-yu-ma (Name, meaning 'stone house', used by Indians of Coyote Valley on Putah Creek for 'Habe-napo' Clear Lake Indians; Gibbs, Schoolcraft III, 110, 1853); Lu-pa-yu-ma, Lupayuma (Barrett, after Gibbs, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 195, 233, 1908); Lu-pi-yu-ma (Name applied to Clear Lake Indians of Big Valley in 1851 by Major H.W. Wessells, who escorted Redick McKee, Indian Treaty Commr., to Clear Lake, Aug. 1851; House Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong. 3rd Sess., p. 60, 1857); Luppoyomi (Mission Book Spelling; see Lupuyomi); Lupuyama ("The Lake Miwok, Tuleyome, translated the word, Habe-napo', into Lupuyama"; Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., p. 232, 1925); Lupuyomi (Spelling used 15 times in San Rafael Mission Book of Baptisms, 1818-1839, MS copy, Pinart, Bancroft Library, 1878; Luppoyomi used 9 times, Lupucyomi 2 times); Lupuyomi (Tribe near Clear Lake; name means 'stone, lup, town, yomi; Salvador Vallejo, Origin de los Indios de California, MS, Bancroft Library, p. 8, 1875). Lu-pa-yu-ma (Gibbs 1853; Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo' -me. Lupilomis (Taylor 1860). See Lopillamillos in synonomy of Loo '-pu-yo -me. Lu-pi-yu-ma (Wessells 1857). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo'-me. 121 Luppoyomi (San Rafael Mission Book 1818-1839). See synonomy of Loo '-pu-yo -me. Lupuyama (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo'-me. Lupuyomi, Luppoyomi, Lupucyomi (San Rafael Mission Books, 1818- 1839). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo'-me. Lupuyomi (Vallejo 1875). See synonomy of Loo'-pu-yo'-me. Mah'-dan-no. Dan-no'-kah rancheria on slope of hill a little west of Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. Mahn'-ah-t51 (Ma'natol, Barrett). Uninhabited modern (Hab-be'- nappo) village near east bank Adobe Creek, 2 miles west- northwest of Kelseyville (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 198, 1908). Synonomy: Manatol (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 229, 1925). Mah-tel'-nah-po-te (Mate'lnapoti, Barrett). Camp on east shore Upper Lake probably 3x miles south-southeast of Upperlake town (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 190, Feb. 1908). Synonomy: Matelnapoti (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Volume, p. 86, 1923). Ma'natol (Barrett 1908), Manatol (Kroeber 1925). See Mahn-ah-tol. Mate'lnap3tl (Barrett 1908) and Matelnapoti (Gifford 1923). See Mah-tel'-nah-po-te. Mo-al-kai (18 Calif. Treaties 1852); Moal-kai (John McKee 1853); Moal-kai (Gibbs 1853; Bancroft 1874; and Barrett 1908); Mo-al-kai (Royce 1901); Moal-kai (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Bo-al' ka'-ah. Nah-po'-shal. See Nap5'cal (Barrett) in synonomy of Na-po'-shel. Na'-po-batin, Napo-bat'ins. Given by Gibbs as collective name (meaning "many houses") for Kulanapo, Habe-napo, Dahno-habe, Moal-kai, She-cum and How-ku-ma (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 110, 1853). Napo'cal (Barrett 1908), Napocal (Gifford 1923). See synonomy of Na-po'-shel. Na-po'-shel. Present rancheria of She'-kum tribe on purchased land 1l miles south of Upperlake village. Their own name, but location on opposite (west) side of Upper Lake from their own territory.-CHM. Synonomy: Napo'cal (pronounced Nah-po'-shal; Camp; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 191, 1908); Napocal (Gifford, after Barrett, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, Hearst Memorial Vol., 77, 1923). 122 No-baw'-rahl (Nbbo'ral, Barrett). Village on west bank Scott Creek, 2A miles north-northwest of Lakeport (Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908). Barrett says the people of this village may be the Moal-kai of Gibbs and the Boil-ka-ya of Palmer. Synonomy: Noboral (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 231, 1925). Nobo'ral (Barrett 1908) and Noboral (Kroeber 1925). See No-baw'- rahl. No'butfu (No'-bu-tu). (Kulanapo) camp on south shore Clear Lake near west bank Adobe Creek and 2 miles west of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 201, 1908). No'nap5tl (No'-nah-po-te). (Hab'-be nap'-po) village in east part of Kelseyville (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 197, 198, 201, 1908). Synonomy: No-napo-ti (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). Oo-pawt'-nu. Round Valley 'Yuke' (0o-kum-n5m) name for Upper Lake Dan-no' -kah. -CHM. Palanapo (Purdy 1901). Misprint for Talanapo. See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap'-po. Poli'tsuiwi (Po-lit'-su-we). (Dan-no'-kah) camp on west shore of Upper Lake about 3+ miles south-southwest of town of Upper Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 190, 1908). Pond-lily people (Purdy 1902). See synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap'po. Quoi-lack or Hwoilak (Palmer 1881). 'Koo'-lan nap'po name for tribe north of Upper Lake. See synonomy of Ho-al'-lek. Rock People (Purdy 1902). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. "Rock Tribe" (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Sacred Town (Revere 1849). See Hopitsewah. Sama'kahna (Sah-mah'-kah-nah). (Bo'-al kU'-ah) village on west bank Scott Creek 3+ miles north-northwest of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908). "Scott's Valley Tribe" (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of Ko5m'-le. ch' Se -ah-go. Dan-no'-kah sumer camp on east side Upper Lake just east of Bloody Island.-CHM. 123 Sed-de-leu. 'Koo'-lan nap'-po name for old Habena'po village on Hulbert Ranch near Kelseyville.-CHM. Synonomy: Se'dileu (Se'-de-le-oo). Village X mile from lake shore, 1 mile a little south of west of present village at St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 46 ftnote., 199, 1908); Sedileu (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). Se'dileii (Barrett 1908) and Sedileu (Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of Sed'-de-leu. Se'-wah-kahl (Si'wakal, Barrett). (Bo-al k'-ah) village on west slope and near summit of ridge west of Clear Lake, 2 miles north of Lakeport (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 156, Feb. 1908). Shabegok (Kroeber 1925). See Shah-ba'-gawk. Shah-ba'-gawk (Cabe'gok, Barrett). (Hab'be nap'po) village on both sides small stream emptying into Clear Lake at old camp site 't'LaxputsUi't (Lah'-poot-soom) 1 mile west of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 46 ftnote., 196, 1908). Synonomy: Shabegok (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). She'-gom. See C1'g3m (Barrett) in synonomy of She-kum,-bahch. Shegumba (Palmer 1881). See synonomy of She-kum'-bahch. ch She-kum'-bahc . Tribe on east side Clear Lake from southern part of Upper Lake to Floyd Hill. Commonly called She'-kum from village of same name at Morrison Landing on east side of Clear Lake. Their own name; used also by the Yokiah.-CHM. Synonomy: Che-com ('18 Calif. Treaties' 1852; Senate reprint, 4, 53, 56, 1905; McKee, Senate Ex. Doc. 4, Spec. Sess. 136, 1853); Cil'gom (She'-gom; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 190, 1908); Cigom (Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, 152, 176, Sept. 29, 1926); Cigomites (Gifford, Pomo Lands on Clear Lake, 86, 87, 1923); She-gum- ba (Kulanapo name for tribe; Palmer, Hist. Napa and Lake Counties, pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., 35, 37, of Lake Co., 1881); She-kom (Gibbs in Schoolcraft, III, 109, 1853); Shekom (Bancroft, quoting Gibbs, Nat. Races, I, 451, 1874); Shigom (Handbook, after Barrett inf'm. 1907, 547, 1910; Kroeber, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 228, 231, 236, 238, 990, 1925). She-wah' (Clwa', Barrett). (Dan-no'-kah) village on east shore Upper Lake near northern extremity, almost due east of Bloody Island (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 189, 1908). 124 Shigom (Handbook 1910; Kroeber 1925). See synonomy of She-kum'- bahch. Sho-ke. Given me by Potter Valley Pomo as their name for Upper Lake Dan-no'-kah.-CHM. Carl Purdy gives Shoke Pomo as Yokiah, Redwood, and Potter Valley Pomo name for Clear Lake Pomo (Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, Land of Sunshine, 444, Dec. 1901; Reprint, same title, 2nd ed., p. 7, 1902). SI'wakal (Barrett 1908). See Se'-wah-kahl. So'-be-dah-me (So'bidame, Barrett). (Kulanapo) village on small wet weather slough 4 mile a little west of south of St. Turibius Mission (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 199, Feb. 1908). Synonomy: So'-bida-me (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 229, 1925). S5'bldame (Barrett); So'-bida-me (Kroeber 1925). See So'-be- dah-me. Stone House. Built by Kelsey and Stone at or near Kelseyville. Taa'wina (Barrett 1908). See Tah-ah'-we-nah. Tah-ah' be-dum-me. Dan-no'-kah village on hill a little south of Upperlake Village.-CHM. Tah-ah'-we-nah (Taaw].na, Barrett). (She'-kum) village on south slope of small ridge just north of Bald Mountain (probably on Floyd Hill) 4r miles southeast of Bank Ranch village and 2 miles southeast of Morrison Landing (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 190, 1908). Talanapo (Purdy 1902). Error for 'Koo'-lan nap'-po, which see. Tsah'-lahl (Tsallal, Barrett). Camp on south shore Clear Lake 21 miles west of St. Turibius Mission and on east bank of "Rumsey's slough't (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 200, 1908). Tsa'namamau (Tsahn'-mah-mah-oo). Habenapo camp near east bank Kelsey Creek 4 miles up from Kelseyville (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, p. 203, Feb. 1908). Tsa'lal (Barrett 1908). See Tsah'-lahl. Tse-wish'-be-dah-me-nah-po-te (Tsiwi' cbldaminapoti, Barrett). Given by Barrett as camp on south shore Clear Lake 3 miles west of St. Turibius Mission; on slight elevation in the Tule (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 200, 190). Synonomy: Tsewic bidumi (Loeb, after Barrett, Pomo Folkways, 234, Sept. 29, 1926). 125 Tse-yah'-kah-ba-yo (Tsiya'kabeyo, Barrett). (Dannokah) village on creek tributary to Middle Creek, heading on south side Buckner Mountain, and 3 miles south of village of "Canekail' (Shah-na-ki) on summit of Buckner Mountain (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 156, 1908). Tsi'-no-mah-sam-fo (Tsi-no-sus-sa). 'Ham'-fo names for tribe at Upperlake.-CHM. Tsiwi'cbidaminapoti (Barrett 1908). See Tse-wish'-be-dah-me-nah- po-te. Tsiya'kabeyo (Barrett 1908). See Tse-yah'-kah-ba-yo. Tsuiba'hapuitsuim (Tsu-bah'-hah-poot-soom). (Habbenappo) camp on south shore Clear Lake 2 mile west of mouth of Kelsey Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 201, 1908). Synonomy: Tsubahaputsum (Kroeber, after Barrett, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., 229, 1925). "Water Lily Tribe" (Kuhlanapo). (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, 234, 1926). See synonomy of Koo'-lan-nap'-po. Xaba'i (Hah-bi'). See Kah-bi' (kaba'i, Barrett). Xabe'l (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Ka-bel'. Xabenapo (Loeb 1926). See synonomy of Hab'-be nap'-po. Xada'butiun (Barrett 1908). See 'Hah-dah'-boo-toon. Xa'dalam (Barrett 1908). See 'Hah'-dah-lahm. Xa'gaco-bagil (Barrett 1908). See Hah'-gah-sho-bah-gil. Xa'ikalolise (Barrett 1908). Hi'-kah-lo-le-se. Xa'ikaiyaui (Barrett 1908). See Hi'-ki-yah-oo. Xalibe'm (Barrett 1908). See Hah-le-bem'. Xo'walek (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Ho-al-lek. Ye-maht-bahch. Tribe in southern part of Scott Valley. Their name for themselves. Best regarded as a division of the Bo-al' ka'-ah.-CHM. Synonomy: Ye'-mah (Name used by Kulanapo.-CHM); Yemabak (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, p. 280, 1926). '-kh-ki' bach c Yo-kah-koi-bah . Name used by Clear Lake Han-nah'-bah for the Koo'-lan na'-po.-CHM. See also synonomy of 'Koo'-lan nap' -Po. 126 Yo'togago (Yo-'to-gah-go). (Bo'-al-ka-ah) camp in very small valley on head of Scott Creek, 2j miles northeast of Red Mountain (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 158, 1908). 127 TU-LE-YO-ME TRIBE LIST The Tu-le-yo-me are the northernmost of the Mewan tribes. Their territory extends from Mount St. Helena northward to Lower Lake, and from the Miyahkma Mountains on the west to Jerusalem and Pope Valleys on the east.* Alacyomi. See synonomy of Al-lk'-yo'-me po-goot. Al-lok-ko-boo-je. Village 21 or 3 miles east of Lowerlake town, situated at south base of hill of same name (hill called IA-lish by the Ham'-fo). A1-lok-woo-boo-te. Village 3 miles south of town of Lowerlake (near Tu-le-yo-me po-goot?). Al-lok-yo'-me po'-goot. Tuleyome name for their village in Pope Valley, Napa Co.; about a mile east of Pope Valley post- office (Merriam, Am. Anthropologist, NS X, 356, June 1908). Synonomy: Alacyomi (Band mentioned in San Rafael Mission Book of Baptisms, 1818-1839, MS copy by A. Pinart, Bancroft Lib., 1878); Aloquiomi (Band furnishing converts to Sonoma Mission; Bancroft, after MS registers of San Francisco Solano Mission, 1824-1839, in Bancroft Library; Hist. Calif. II, 506 ftnote, 1885; other spellings, Aloquoi, Aloq., Aloqui, Aloq.M2, Aloquiom, Alocyomi; San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1839; original MSS in Bancroft Library). Aloquiomi, Alocyomi. See synonomy of Al-lok-yo'-me po-goot. Cauiyomi. (Mission Books San Francisco Solano Mission, 1824- 1829, Original MS, Bancroft Lib.). See Kah'-we-yo-me. Cauyomi. (Book of Baptisms, San Rafael Mission, MS copy by A. Pinart, 1878). May be Coyome of Barrett, which see. Hikii'hyGme or S'IwI'y3me. Inhabited modern village about 1+ miles downstream from Guenoc (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 316, 1908). See synonomy of Hoo-koo'-yo-me po-koot. In-ne-ko Family. Name proposed by Merriam for a family of Mewan stock, comprising 2 subfamilies: Tuleyome and Hoo-koo-e-ko (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropologist, NS IX, p. 341, June 1907). *See pp. 43-48 in C. Hart Merriam, Studies of California Indians, University of California Press, 1955. 128 Joyayomi or Coyayomi. Mentioned in Mission Books of San Francisco Solano, 1824-1839. Barrett refers it questionably to his Co'yome, but it may have been Kah'-we-yo'me. Ki-bool-poo-goot. Tuleyome name for their old village on low point east of north end of Wennok lake behind rocky part of point (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropologist, NS IX, p. 353, June 1907). Synonomy: kebui'lp?i3it, Ke-gool'-poo-koot (Barrett says village 21 miles southeast of Guenoc, which distance is far too short; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 316, 1908); Kebul (Kroeber, map plate 27, opp. p. 172, Hdbook. Indians Calif., 1925). Kah'-choo-loo-loo-koo-wahn (Ka'tc?iliilik?iwan, Barrett). Given by Barrett as Lower Lake ('Ham'-fo) name for Tuleyome village Tsi'tsapogut. But the chief of the 'Ham'-fo tribe gave me 'K'tah'-koi as their name.-CHM. See tsitsapogut (Barrett) in synonomy of Tsit'-sah yo'-me. Kah-dah'-yo-me. Old village at Dry Creek bridge on road a little north of Middletown. Said to have been at 'Koo'-koo-min house. -CHM. Kah-low'-yo-me. Name used by 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake for "Stone House" rancheria (Too'-le-yo'-me).-CHM. (Not to be confused with the Habbe-nap-po "Stone House" at Kelseyville.) K'tah'-koi. 'Ham'-fo name for Tu'-le-yome.-CHM. Kah'-we-yo-me (ka'wlyme, Barrett). Old village on south bank of Cache Creek about 1l miles from Lower Lake (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 317, 1908). Cauiyomi (San Francisco Solano Mission Books 1824-1837); and Cauyomi (San Rafael Mission Book; may be spellings for Kah'-we-yo-me; see Cauiyomi and Cauyomi in main list). ka'tciililikiwan (Barrett 1908). "Southeastern Pomo" ('Ham'-fo) name for Tsit'-sah yo'-me. See tsi'tsapogut (Barrett) in synonomy of Tsit'-sah yo'-me. ka'wiyome (Barrett 1908). See Kah'-we-yo-me. Ke-bool'-poo-koot. See kebii'lpfikfit (Barrett) in synonomy of Ka-boot-po-goot. keb?ilpiikiit (Barrett 1908). See synonomy of Ka-boot' po-goot. Kel-lew'-in-fo or Kel'-lew'-win-a-koi'-im-fo. 'Ham'-fo name for Tu'-le-yo'-me tribe.-CHM. 129 Kil'-le-yo'-ke po-koot. Tuleyome name for their former village on Putah Creek at north end of Coyote or Guenoc Valley (Merriam, Dist. and Classification of Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropologist, NS IX, p. 353, June 1907). Koo-noo-la-ka-koi. 'Koo-lan-nap-po name for tribe in Coyote Valley (Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., pub. by Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, Lake Co., p. 36). See 0'-l1a yome po-koot. Koo-pa'-choo (kiipg'tciu, Barrett). Old camp site at Harbin Springs about 4 miles northwest of Middletown (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 274, 1908). Wrongly referred by Barrett to "Wappo'l (=Miyakma). Ko-tsah'-to yo'-me or Yo'-me ko'-tsah (spoken both ways). Name used by people of Hoo-koo'-yo-me for themselves. See Hoo- koo'-yo-me po-koot. Also said to be exclusive name for all Tuleyome bands. K'tahl-koi. 'Ham'-fo name for Tuleyome village Tsit'-sa-yo'me. kipe'tc?i (Barrett 1908). See Koo-pa'-choo. Lah-kah'-hyo-me. See Laka'hy5me (Barrett) in synonomy of Lah-ki'- yo-me po-koot. Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. Tuleyome name for their old village at northern edge of present town of Middletown. Called L3k-no'-mah by the Yukean Miyahkma (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NX IX, 353, 1907). Both names mean the same - Goose Valley.-CHM. Synonomy: laka'hyome, Lah-kah'-hyo-me (Barrett 1908; Tuleyome, name for "llknOmait; see l1kn-ma (Barrett) this synonomy); ?Lal-nap-o-een ('Ku-lan-nap-po name for tribe on St. Helena Creek, just west of Middletown in Loknomah Valley; Palmer's Hist. of-Lake and Napa Counties, Calif., pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., Lake Co., 36, 1881; Barrett says this name probably refers to loknoma, which he regarded as 'Wappo', Miyahkma, but which is here shown to be Tuleyome); ?Lal-nap-o-een (Barrett, after Palmer, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 273, 1908); Loaquiomi (Tribe mentioned many times in San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1837; original MSS in Bancroft Library; evidently a spelling for Lah-ki'-yo-me; other spellings in Mission Books are Loaquio, Loaquiom, Loaquiomil, Loaq.Yomi); Loaquiomi (Bancroft, after Sonoma Mission Books, Hist. Calif., II, 506 ftnote., 1885); Loaquiomi (Engelhardt, after Bancroft, The San Franciscans in Calif., 451, 1897); ?Locollomillos.(Between Clear Lake and Napa, in neighborhood of rancheria called Guenocks; Taylor, Calif. Farmer, March 30, 1860; Barrett says it is possible these people lived in Pope Valley, but it is more probable they 130 Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. Synonomy: Continued. lived near Middletown); Locollomillos (Bancroft, after Taylor, Native Races, I, 451, 1874; Slocum, Bowen and Co. say the Locollomillos of Bancroft's list,are their Lal-nap-o-een; see Lal-nap-o-een); ?Locollomillos (Barrett, after Taylor and Bancroft, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 273, 1908); Socollomillos (Typographic error for Locollo- millos; Bancroft, after Taylor, Native Races, I, 363, 1874). Lahl'-mok po-goot. Tuleyome name for their village on creek 2 mile west of Middletownr (Merriam, Am. Anthropologist, NS X, 357, June 1908). laka'hy&me (or loknoma) (Barrett 1908). "Northern Moquelumnan't (Tuleyome) name for village northeast of Middletown. See lok'noma (Barrett) synonomy of Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. Lal-nap-o-een (Palmer 1881). Kulanapo name for tribe in Loknomah Valley. See synonomy of Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. Lake Miwok. Name used by Kroeber for Tuleyome tribe. See synonomy of Tuleyome at head of this tribe list. Loaquiomi, Loaquio, Loaquiom, Loaquiom1, Loak.Yomi (San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1839); Loaquiomi (Bancroft 1885; Engelhardt 1897). See synonomy of Lah-ki'-yo-me po- koot. Locollomillos (Taylor 1860; Bancroft 1874; Barrett 1908). Location irndefinite. See synonomy of Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. See also Socollomillos (typog. error). Lok-no'-mah. Miyahkma name, adopted by Tuleyome, for Tuleyome band in Middletown valley and for old village which they called Lah-ki'-yo'-me po'-goot on site of present town of Middletown.-CHM. Synonomy: Locnoma (Mentioned in San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1837, original MSS, Bancroft Lib.); Locnoma (Bancroft, after Sonoma Mission records, Hist. Calif., 506 ftnote., 1885); Locnoma (Engel- hardt, after Bancroft, The San Franciscans in Calif., 451, 1897); Lo'knoma or laka'hyome (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Poro, 373, 1908); Loknoma (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 27, 1925; village northeast of Middletown, wrongly refer- red to 'Wappo', Miyahkmah). Ma-hwah-le'-le-no-mah (mehwale'len5ma, Barrett). Old camp site near west bank of Putah Creek about 31 miles south-southeast of Middletown (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 274, 1908). Wrongly referred by Barrett to "Wappo"l (=Miyahkma). mehwale'lenoma (Barrett 1908). See M-a-hwah-le'-le-no-mah. 131 Mo-a'-vo'me. "All our tribes or rancherias", said by several members of tribe.-CHM. Northern Coast or Lake Moquelmman or Miwok (Barrett 1908). Name used by Barrett for Tu-le-yo'-me. See synonomy of Tu-le-yo-me, head of this list. Northern or Lake Moquelumnan (Barrett 1908). Name used by Barrett for Tu-le-yo-me. See synonomy of Tu-le-yo-me, head of this list. Oi' -a-yum' -me ko and 0' -ye-yo' -me ko. Hoo '-koo-e' -ko and Olamentko name for Olayome tribe on Putah Creek. Given me by both tribes in 1905.-CHM. See synonomy of 0'-la-yo'me po-koot. 0'-la-am-me or 0-la-yo'-me (Merriam 1907). Used in tribal sense. See synonomy of Tu-le-yo'-me, head of this list. 0'-la-yo'-me po-koot. Village in northern part of Coyote Valley half a mile south of Kil'-le-yo'-ke but north of Guenock (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS IK, 353, 1907). Head village of Coyote Valley band. Synonomy: ?Holiyomi (Given by Bancroft as tribe north of San Francisco Bay; Bancroft 1886; may have been Olayome; see Holiyomi in main list); Oi'-a-yum'-me and 0'-ye-yo'-me (Badger Bay Hoo-koo-e'-ko name for Olayome of Putah Creek.-CHM); Oleomi, Oleyomi (Mentioned as furnishing converts to mission at Sonoma; San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1837, original MSS, Bancroft Library; no information); Oleomi (Bancroft, after Sonoma Mission Books, 1824-1837; Hist. Calif., II, 506 ftnote., 1885); Oleoml (Engelhardt, after Bancroft, The San Franciscans in Calif., 451, 1897); Oleomi (Barrett, after Engelhardt, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 317, 1909); ole'yome, 0-la'-yo-me (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 317, 1908; see also Koo-noo-la-ka-koi, Palmer, in main list); Oleyome (Kroeber, map plate 27, facing p. 172, Hdbook. Indians Calif., p. 272, 1925); Oleyomi, Oleomi (Mentioned as furnishing 4 neophytes to mission at Sonoma; San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824-1839, original MSS, Bancroft Library); Oleyomi (Rancheria visited by Arguello in 1821; Fr. Blas Ordaz 'Diario de la Espedicion del Sr. Don Luis Arguello', Archive Santo Barbara Mission, Vol. 4, pp. 161-190, 1806- 1821; alsq referred to by Bancroft, after Ordaz MS.-CH; Bancroft, after Ordaz MS Diary; Hist. Calif., II, 448, 1885); O'-ye-yo'-me and Oi'-a-yum'-me (Name used by Bodega Bay Olamentko for Olayo'me of Putah Creek.-CHM; Same name pronounced Oi'-ye-yum-me is used by Tuleyome for Miyahkma tribe at Calistoga and in Alexander Valley on Russian River; Barrett gives oye'yomi, O-ya'-yo-mi, as name of village of "Southern Moquelulman"e, Hoo-koo-e-ko, at Freestone). 132 Oleomi (Mission Books, 1824-1837; Bancroft 1885; Engelhardt 1897; Barrett 1908). See synonomy of 0'-la-yo'-me po-koot. 5l1'y5me (Barrett 1908). Village 1* miles above Guenoc. See synonomy of 0'-la-yo'-me po-koot. Oleyome (Kroeber 1925). Principal village in Coyote Valley. See synonomy of 0'-la-yo'-me po-koot. Oots-no-mah-nok. See Utsnomanoc. Oo-yoo'-hah-no-mah (iyi'han5ma, Barrett). Village on east bank of Putah Creek about 1+ miles nearly due east of Middletown (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 273, 1908). Erroneously refer- red by Barrett to "Wappo" (=Miyahkma). O'-ye-yo'-me or Oi'-a-yum'-me. Name used by Hoo-koo-e'-ko of Bodega Bay for Olayome. See synonomy of 0'-l1-yo'-me po-koot. ?Paguenjelayomi. Unidentified band at Mission at Sonoma. May not have been Tuleyome (Bancroft, after Vallejo, Hist. Calif., IV, 363 ftnote., 1886). Pe'-te-no-mah (pe't"n5ma, Barrett). Old village west of Putah Creek about 1 mile north-northwest of Middletown. Site short distance north of cemetery at Middletown (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 273, 1908). Referred by Barrett to "Wappo" (=Miyahkma) is Tu-le-yo-me. pe't'inoma (Barrett 1908). See Pe'-te-no-mah. Re'-ho. Powers gave Re'ho as one name of the tribe in Pope Valley, derived from a chief. They early became extinct (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 228, 1877). Little is known of the Pope Valley tribes. 'Re'ho' may have been a nickname for a Win (Ko'peh) band in the eastern part of the valley. Certainly not Tuleyome.-CHM. Included here for information. Sahl'-sahl-po-goot. Tuleyome name for their village in Wen'-nok Valley on flat at base of Cone peak (Loo-peek' pow-we) at southeast corner of Wennok Lake, south of Phelan Ranch (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS IX , 353 , 1907). Sah'-ti-yo-me po-koot. Tuleyome name for their village in a rocky place at south end of Coyote Valley about 2 miles south of Guenoc (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. of Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS IX, p. 353, June 1907). Not to be confused with Sotoyome at Healdsburg. 133 Se-we'-yo-me (siwi'yome, Barrett). Another name for Hoo-koo'-yo-me. See hukiU hyiime (Barrett) in synonomy of Hoo-koo' -yo-me po-koot. S'iwvyame. Given by Barrett as another name for ffiki'hyime. Shoyome. (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., map, pl. 27, opp. p. 172, 1925). Based on Barrett's C5'y5me, located on south bank Putah Creek about 3+ miles below Guenoc (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 316, 1908). I failed to get this village from the Indians.-CHM. Synonomy: Coyome (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 316, 1908). Socollomillos. Typographic error for Locollomillos (Bancroft, after Taylor, Native Races, I, 363, 1874). See synonomy of Lah-ki'-yo-me po-koot. "Stone House". Well known place name near Tu'-le-yo'-me (in Excelsior Valley), not to be confused with another of same name at Kelseyville in Habbe nappo territory. Te'-5m-fo and Kel-lew'-win-fo. Names used by the 'Ham'-fo for the Tuleyome. See Kel-lew'-win-fo (Merriam) in synonomy of Tuleyome, head of this list. Toleomi. Rancheria (San Francisco Solano Mission Books, 1824- 1837). See synonomy of Tu-le-yome po-koot. Tsit'-sah-yo'-me. Old rancheria just north of Lowerlake, same as K'tah'-koi.-CHM. Tse'-tsah po-goot. See tsI'tsapogut (Barrett) in synonomy of Tsit'-sah-yo'me. Tsit'-sah yo'me. Village immediately north of Lowerlake village. The 'Ham'-fo call it Ktah'-koi.-CHM. Salvador Chapo's mother born and raised there. Synonomy: ka'tc llkbiwan (Barrett 1908; see tsl'sap5giit, Barrett, this synonomy); K'tah'-koi ('Ham'-fo name for Tsit'-sah-yo'me.-CHM); Tsitsa (Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., map plate 27, opp. p. 172, 1925); tsi'tsap6gUt (pronounced tse'-tsah-po-goot); or ka'tcUliiuikiwan (pronounced Kah'-choo-loo-loo-koo-wahn; "Southeastern Pomo't, Lower Lake or 'Ham'-fo, name for Tsit'sah yo'me; Barrett says it is in northwestern part of town of Lower Lake; site near Scottman residence just north of the wagon bridge at Lower Lake; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 318, 1908). Tso'-kew po-goot. Village in Pope Valley (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol. NS IX, 353, 1907). Slurred form of Tso'-ke-yo-me po-goot (Merriam), which see. 134 Tso'-ke-yo'-me po'-goot. Principal village in Pope Valley south of postoffice and close to Creek. Slurred Tso'-kew-me po- goot (Merriam 1907); (Merriam, Corrections Concerning California Indians, Amer. Anthropol., NS X, p. 356, June 1908). This village was on Pope Creek at the first crossing of the main road coming south from Butts Canyon (on the Bank Ranch).-CHM. Tu'-le-am'-me or Tu'-le-yo'-me (Merriam 1907). Used in tribal sense. See synonomy of Tu'-le-yo'-me, head of this list. Tuleomi (Mission Books, 1797-1830). Rancheria. See synonomy of Tu'-le-yo'-me po-koot. Tu'-le-yo'-me po-koot. Old village 3 miles south of Lower Lake. The most ancient settlement of the tribe. Name used also for Sub-family (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS IX, 353, 1907). Synonomy: Toleomi (Rancheria; San Francisco Solano Mission Register, 1824-1837, original MSS, Bancroft Library; no information); Tuleomi (Rancheria; San Jose Mission, Book of Baptisms, 1797-1830, MS; no information); tiu'leyome, Tu'-la-yo-me (Village about 2 miles south of the Town of Lower Lake; site is on east side of county road on what is called the Dock Murphy ranch; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 318, 1908); Tuleyome (The metropolis of the settlements in the valley of town of Lower Lake; Kroeber, Hdbook. Indians Calif., Map, plate 27, opp. p. 172, and p. 272, 1925); Te'-om-fo and Kel-lew'-win-fo ('Ham'-fo names for Tu'-le-yo'-me; see Kel-lew'-win-fo); Tuleamme, Tuleyome, or Olayome (Names used for Tuleyome tribe; Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS, IX, 353, 1907); ?Tulioni (Spelling in San Jose Mission Register; Lista Alfabetica de Neofitos; San Jose Mission, erroneously labeled Mision San Fernando; original MS, Bancroft Lib., no date); Tuliyomi (One of the tribes or bands north of San Francisco Bay against whom an expedition under Salvador Vallejo was sent in 1843; location indefinite; Bancroft, after Vallejo, Hist. Calif., IV, 363 ftnote., 1886). Tulioni (Register San Jose Mission). See synonomy of Tu-le-yo- me po-koot. Tuliyomi (Bancroft 1886). See synonomy of Tu-le-yo-me po-koot. tumi'stimis (Tu-mis'-tu-mis). Old village on small stream tri- butary to Putah Creek about 21 miles northeast of Guenoc (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 316, 1908). uyi'han&ma (Barrett 1908). See oo-yoo'-ha-no-mah. 135 Wen'-nok. Name of small valley and lake just south of Coyote Valley on Putah Creek about 6 miles east of Middletown. Valley contained 3 rancherias (one or more may have been camps). See also Guenocks. Wo-de'-di-dep'-pe po'-goot. Tuleyome name for their village in Jerusalem Valley (Merriam, Dist. and Classif. Mewan Stock of Calif., Amer. Anthropol., NS IX, 353, 1907). Yo'-me-ko'-tsah or Ko-tsah'-to yo'me. Name for themselves used by people of Hoo-koo'-yo-me po-koot and other rancherias. Yo'-me is the word for home; Ko-tsah for people, so the name means Home people.-CHM. Yo'tsah. Name used by 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake for Tuleyome rancheria on Putah Creek, 2 or 3 miles east of "Stone House" (Tu-le-yo'-me). 136 HOO-KOO-E-KO BANDS AND RANCHERIAS Ah-kum'-tut'-tah. Pomoan Bo'yah and Kah'-tah-we chum'-mi name for Olamentko tribe at Bodega Bay. Ah-mah-yel-le. Old village on San Antonio Creek 5 miles west- southwest of Petaluma (Barrett). Ah-wahn'-we. Old village at or near San Rafael.-CHM. Anamas. Rancheria of Huimen 'tribe' on Tiburon Peninsula. Annamus (Anama's, Anamon), or San Pedro Alcantara. Former village "in the Corte de Madera" near Tiburon and San Rafael. Aranwhes (Aranjuez, Arangues). Place (rancheria?) in San Pedro Regaldo Canada near San Rafael. AP-tem (E-tem). Old village site at Petaluma E-tem (Barrett). A'-woo (E'wf, Barrett). Old village 3 miles north of San Rafael (Barrett). Bolanos (Baulenes, Baulinas, Bolinas, Bollanos, Guaulen, Guaulem, Gualem, Guaulenes, Ua'uale, Guanlen). Spanish name for band on Bolenas Bay. Used by Taylor (1860) in a tribal or subtribal sense. Bolego, Bolego em los Tamales. San Rafael Mission Books. Cho'-ketch-ah (=Tcoke'ttce of Barrett). Old village at Old Town, about a mile south of present Novato.-CHM. (Old Town - not present Novato.) Chokuyem (Chocouyem, Choconyen, Chocuyem, Cho-ku'-yen, Cocouyem, Chocuy, Chocoim, Chocoym, Chocoin, Choci, Chucuien, Tcho- ko-yem, Tshokoyem). Rancheria formerly on site of Sonoma. Coast Miwok. Undefined tribal name (Loeb, Pomo Folkways, pp. 289 ftnote, 312, 354, map pl. 1, after Kroeber). Colomache. Canada few miles northwest of San Rafael (Bancroft). May not have been rancheria. Estero. Probably Hookooeko at mouth of Tomales Bay (Estero Americano) (Langsdorff 1806). 137 Etch'-a-tam'-mal (Echacamal, Hechatamal, Echatamal). Old village at or near Nicasio.-CHM. Etsh-ah-ko'-loom (Echako'loom, Echacolom, Echaclom, Hechacolom, Etchacolom). Old Village on east side Tomales Bay, two miles south of Marshall (Barrett). Green Valley Indians. Term used for Indians of Green Valley, Manin County (Sacramento Daily Democratic State Journal, after Petaluma Journal, 1854). Guacaicos. Another name for Tamales tribe (San Francisco Mission Rec.). Guaulen (Guaulem, Gualem, Guaulenes, Ua'uale, Guanlen). Tribe north of San Francisco presidio toward the Farallones (Mission Records). See Bolanos. Guymen-Sonomi. Name used in supertribal sense by Balbi (1826) for Chamisso's group of Guymen, Utschin, Olumpali, Soclan and Sonomi tribes. Gwi-men (Guimen, Guymen, Huimen, Huymen, Uhimen). Band speaking same language as Hoo-koo-e-ko (Chamisso 1821; Choris 1822; Guymen, Balbi after Chamisso 1826). De la Cuesta's MS Vocab. shows it to be Hookooeko.-CHM. Hoo'-koo-e'-ko. General name used for themselves by tribe reaching from Tomales Bay to San Rafael and Petaluma.-CHM. Huimen. See Guimen, Cuymen, Uhimen, Wimen, Xuymene (Huimen and Uhimen spellings given by Arroyo de la Cuesta). See also Livangelva, Livangebra. On Tiburon Peninsula opposite Angel Island. Jok'tanas. Native name of site of San Rafael Mission (Taylor 1864). Juchium. See Uchium. Jukiusma (Joukiousme', Jouskiousme, Juchiyunes, Juchium, Yonkiousme; misprint San Rafael Indians). Tribe at San Rafael Mission (De Mofras 1844). Same as Youkiousme. Le'-wan-nel-lo-wah (Livangelva, Libangelva, Livangebra, Livangelua, Liuangelva, Liuaneglua). Old village at or near Sausalito. -CHM. Rancheria also called Uimen, North of San Francisco Presidio (Mission Records). See Huimen. Livangelva. See Le'-wan-nel-lo-wah'. 138 Mela'yah (Melg'ya, Barrett). Old village on San Antonio Creek 3' miles west-southwest of Petaluma (Barrett). Motsucocha en la bolsa de los Tomales, Nottococha, Mottocotcha, Nottococha, Nottucacha, Notococha. San Rafael Mission Records. Naig (Naique). Rancheria of 'Huimen' tribe on Tiburon Peninsula. Located north of San Francisco Presidio and opposite Angel Island (San Francisco Mission Records). Nanaguani (Nanaguanui). Site of San Rafael (Payeras 1817, Bancroft). Nicasio Indians. (J.P. Munro-Fraser, History Marin County, Calif., pub.'by Alley, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, pp. 288, 289, 1880). Nicassias (Nicassios, Nicasio). Spanish name for band at Nicasio in Marin County (Taylor 1860). Novato (Napato?). Indians about Novato. Numpale (Noumpolis, Choris 1822; Numpole; Numpali, Chamisso 1821; Numpali, Balbi, after Chamisso, 1826). Probably slurred fonm of Olumpale on west side of Petaluma marshes 4f miles south-southeast of Petaluma. Ocolom (Ocolomi, Otcolom, Jocolom, Hochoalom, Hoccolom). Laguna and Hookooeko band at head of San Antonio Creek northwest of San Rafael (Bancroft). 0-la'-mah (Olemos, Olema, Olemloque, Olem-loque, Olemex?). Old village near present town of Olema in Marin County,-CHM. Olemochoe (Olemloque, Olem-loque, Olemoloque). Native name of San Antonio Creek north of San Rafael. May not apply to Indians (Bancroft). Olemos-Tamales. Tribe mentioned in Mission Records. 0-lum-ko (meaning south people). Name used by Bodega Bay Olamentko for Marin County Hoo'-koo-e'-ko.-CHM. O'-lum-pal'-le. Name of the Petaluma marshes beyond Novato and reaching from Petaluma down to the Bay. There was also a village of the same name - on the south side of San Antonio Creek about 54 miles southwest of Petaluma.-CHM. Olumpali (Tribe of which many were at San Francisco Mission in 1816; Chamisso, Kotzebue's Entdeckungs-Reise, III, 23, 1821; English Ed. London III, 51, 1821; Bancroft, after Chamisso, 139 O'-lum-pal'-le. Continued. Native Races I, 453, 1874; A.S. Taylor, Calif. Farmer, June 8, 1860, after Chamisso, quoted in 'Alta California', June 1858; A. Balbi, after Chamisso, Atlas Ethnographique du Globe, p. XXXV, 1826); Olombali (San Jose Mission Register, Book Baptisms, 1797-1830); Olompalis (Choris 1822); Other variants: Olompas, Olomb, Olompali, Olompalies, Olompolli, Onompali, Nonpali, Alompali, Lompali. O'n-wal'-le-sah. Miyahkma name for Petaluma Hoo'-koo-e'-ko.-CHM. Oo'-che-um. Tribe mentioned by Chamisso and Choris as numerous at San Francisco Mission in 1816 and speaking same language as Guimen and Olumpali. As the 'Olumpali' (0-lum-pal'-le) are Hoo'-koo-e'-ko it is to be inferred that Guimen and Utschium were the same.-CHM. Utschin (typog. error; Balbi, after Chamisso, 1826); Other variants: Outchiouns, Outchioung, Uchium, Utschium, Utschim, Utschiun, Juchium, Aguassajuchium, Huchun?. Oo'-tro-mi-ah. Old village at present town of Tomales.-CHM. Pet-a-loo-mah'-chah. Kah'-tah-wechum'-wi name for Petaluma Hoo'-koo-e'-ko. Probably Lekahtewut. Poo-yoo'-koo. Old village between Ignacio and Novato; big orchard there now - Kopo. Piuyui'kui (Old village about 1 mile south of Ignacio, Barrett). Rafaelenos. Spanish name for Indians at San Rafael Mission. Sak-lo'-ke. Old village on long point on east side of entrance to Tomales Bay.-CHM. Other variants: Seglogue, Saglogue, Serglogue, Xecloke, Xecloque, Xeglogue, Xocloque. San Rafael Indians. Indians at Mission of same name. Sho'-tom-ko'-cha, Cotomkotca. Old village 42l miles north of San Rafael (Barrett). Sho-tom'-ko-we; Cotomkowi. Old village on east side of Tomales Bay a short distance south of the town of Tomales (Barrett). Other variants: Sottomcouhui, Sotcouhi, Sotomcoyi, Xotoncohui, Xotoncoui, Xotoncchui. Suysun-Tamal. Name used by Balbi (1826) in supertribal sense for Chamisso's group of Suysum, Numpali, and Tamal tribes. 140 Tamal (Chamisso 1826; Balbi, after Chamisso). Other variants: Tamalo, Tllo, Tamals, Tamales, Tmal anos, Tamalenos, Tamallos, Tomales tribe (Sacramento Daily Democratic State Journal, 1856), Tanmalanos, Bollanos, Tal colo, Tl, Tamalsimela, Tamalsimena, Tam-mal'-ko (Term applied by Hookooeko to members of their tribe on Tomales Bay.-CHM), TmNl enia, Tu-ma-leh-nias. Tcho-ko-yem. See Chokuyem. Too-chi-yel'-len. Old village on creek at Petaluma - Kopo. This must have been so close to boundary between Hoo'-koo'-e-ko and Leka'tewut tribes that one cannot say to which it belonged.-CHM. Tutcaiyelin (Old village about a mile northwest of Petaluma, Barrett). Tumalenia. Tribe on Bodega Bay (Gibbs 1853). Doubtless Spanish rendering of Tamalko. Uhimen. Hoo'-koo'-e-ko tribe on Tiburon Peninsula (San Francisco Mission Records); Uhimen and Huimen (forms given by De La Cuesta). Other variants: Gumen, Guymen, Huines, Uhimenes, Xuymene. Utschium. See Oo'-che-um. Wah-to'-ke. Old village on hill near Petaluma Creek about 31 miles southeast of Petaluma.-CHM. Wotoki ("probably near Donahues Landing", Barrett). Yol-hios, Yohios. Taylor (1860) speaks of "Ukias or Yohios of Petalums". Other variants: Yolhios, Yo-Nios. Youkiousme. Name used by De Mofras, Latham, and Gatschet for San Rafael tribe, Other variants: Joukiousmi, Jukiusme, Juchium, Yonkiousme. Yt' aes. Place of the Usuale tribe, north of Presidio of San Francisco (San Francisco Mission Records). See Guaulen. 141 IvIWUK TRIBES, BANDS, AND VILLAGES Ah-low'-lah-che (Al-low'-lah-che, Merriam 1907). Former band of Southern Mewuk (Mew'wah) on lower Merced, ij miles above Merced Falls.-CHM. Ah-pah-sah. Mew'wah village at Fresno Flat (on north side Fresno Creek). -CHM. Ahp-pan-tow'-we-lah. Me'wuk village at forks of road near Rich Gulch, Calaveras Co. Apparently same as Witch'-e-kol'-che. The last inhabitant, old Chief Makenzie, died in 1908.-CHM. Ah' -wahl-a-che (A-wal-a-che, Awallache, A-wal-lache, A-wall-a-che. See Ow'-wal-a-che). Former Mew'wah band on Merced River at head of Pleasant Valley. Inhabitants of the village Ow'-wal. CHM. Also written I-nex-lo-che (misprint). Ah-wah'-mah. Lowermost (westernmost) Mew'wah village in Yosemite Valley; on north side a little below Black Spring.-CHM. Ah-wah'-ne (Awanee, AhwaneeMuwa, Awanees, Awnaee, Awani). Former Mew'wah village and tract of flat land on north side of Yosemite Valley, east of Yosemite Creek and west of Indian Canyon Creek. Also applied by the Indians to Yosemite Valley as a whole (Powers 1873; Merriam 1904).-CHM. Ah-wah-ne'-chee (Ahwahnachee, Ahwahnachees). Inhabitants of Ah-wah'-nee (=Yosemite Valley) (Bunnell 1859; Hittell 1874). Mew'wah band living in Yosemite Valley.-CHM. A-koo'-ta-nuk'-ka (A-goot'-a-nuk'-ka, slurred to 'Koo-ta-nuk'-ka). Me'wah (Middle Mewuk) village 2 miles west of Vallicito, Calaveras Co.-CHM. Amador dialect. Amador or Northern Sierra Miwok (Bartlett). Ang-e'-sa-wa'-pah. Former Mew'wah village on south bank Merced River opposite He-ka'-nah and above Merced Falls.-CHM. A-pang-as-se (Apangape, Apangasi, Apangasse, A-pang-as-se, Apang- as-se, A-pang-assi, A-pang-as-se, Apoungosee, Apoung-osse, Appang-assa, Ap-yang-ape). Tribe meeting Treaty Commrs. on Little Mariposa River March 19, 1851. Said to be vlilage on Tuolumne River (Handbook, Pt. I, 69, 1907). Ap'-la-che (Ahp'-lah-che, Ahp-lah-chee, Ap-laches, Aplatchi). Former Mew'wah village near Garrote, a few miles east of Big Oak Flat, south of Tuolumne River (near Pahng'-ah-hung'- che).-CHM. 142 Ap'-poo-me. Mew'wah summer camp on Merced River just above Yosemite Valley and below Vernal Fall.-CHM. Aw'-o-koi-e. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley at foot of El Capitan.-CHM. Bonacks. Erroneous reference of Yosemite Mew'wah to the Shoshonean Bannok (Brace). Calaveras (Calaveas). Name of river applied to Indians (Domenech). Ca-sus' = Jesus. See Kasus'. Me'wah or Mew'-ko band on Stanis- laus River; named after Chief Casus' (probably Mew'-ko). Cawnee (Cawnees). Same as Ko'-ne or Kon'-ne, which see. Cha'-cha'-kal-lah. Former large Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley just below Folsom ford.-CHM. Chah-woo'-ah. Mew'wah village on east bank Colorow (=Colorado) Creek 1 miles below Tin-pah'-nah-te.-CHM. Chahm-hahn'-che. Former Mew'wah village on Mariposa Creek in lower timber (on old road).-CHM. Cha-pa-er-se (Cha-pa-ir-cy). Si-yah-um-na name for their rancheria at Knights Ferry). Chap-pah-sien (Chap-pah-sims, Chap-pah-seins). Band attributed to Stanislaus-Tuolumne region (Ryer 1851). Location and status uncertain. Probably Chap-pah'-mus'-se, a Nissenon tribe on South Fork American River.-CHM. The name of Knights Ferry in the language of the Siskiemna; the tribe living between the Stanislaus (a Mewko tribe) was Cha-pa-ir-cy. Whether or not this was same as Chappahsien is still uncertain, but the names are very much alike. Chik-ke-me-ze. Me'wuk village at Grizzly Flat, El Dorado County. Northernmost village of Mewuk.-CHM. Kroeber (p. 394) calls this Maidu. Chu'-ma-duk (Chim'-a-duk, Chim'-ma-tuk, Chimedoc, Choomedoc, Choo'-me-duk, Choomuch, Chumuch, Choomwits, Chumwit, Choo- me-to-kah, Choomte' yas, Chum'-me-to-kah, Chumetoka, Chumeto, "Chu'-mi-dok or Chim'-i-dok" (Powers 1877), Chumidok, Chum-ta'a-yah, Chuim-te'-ya, Chumtiwa, Chimteya). Term, meaning 'south people' or 'southerners', applied by the various Me'wuk tribes and bands to those farther south. The name Choomte'ya or Chimte'ya has been used by Gatschet in a specific sense for a band on the middle Merced.-CHM. 143 Cho-lo'-ne. Mew'wah village at foot of hill called Lim-me-hahk, 5 miles south of Colorow (Colorado).-CHM. Choo'-pi-tah or Choo'-pi-do. Large village on Merced River 11 miles below El Portal (close to Hitehine).-CHM. Chow'-chil-lah. Mew'wah village in Chowchilla Canyon.-CHM. Chow'-chil'-la Mew'wah (Chowchilla, Chow-chilla, Chowchilla muwa, Chowchillas, Chauchiles, Chau-chil'-la, Chou-chil-las, Chouchillas, Chouchille, Chou-chill-ies, Chou-chillies, Chow-chela, Chow-chil-la, Chow-chillas, Chou-chillas, Chow-chillas, Chowchilles (Daily Alta Calif. 1857), Chowchille, Chow-chill-ies, Cowchillas, Chaushila, Chow-chi-liers, Cowchillas, Teausilla, Culin). Ruling Mew'wah band or tribe in Chowchilla Canyon and adjacent region. To be discriminated from Yokut tribe, also called Chow'-chill-la, formerly living lower down (farther southwest), on the plain (McKee, Barbour and Wozencraft 1851; Bunnell 1859; Merriam 1904).-CHM. Chowcla (Chowclas). Unidentified band in Fresno River foothills (Henley). Location and status uncertain. Chuk-kan-ne-su (Chuckehalins?). Village at Ione, Amador County. -CHM. Coomi'nee. Mew'wah village in Yosemite Valley (Powers 1873). See Ko-mi'-ne. Cosumnes. Erroneously used by Fas. Mooney for Northern Mewuk. Co-to-plan'-e-mis (Cotoplametme, Cotoplanenee, Co-to-plan-e-nee, Cotaplanimnes, Co-to-planemis, Co-to-pla-ne-mis, Co-to- plammis, Koto-plo-menis (Daily Alta Calif. 1857). Me'wah rancheria at Rawhide, 4 miles northwest of Jamestown, Tuolumne Co. See Ko-tup'-plan-nah.-CHM. E-le'-look-no. Village 1 mile south of Hogan ranch on Creek (about 2-L miles north of Puk-ko'-lah).-CHM. Fonecha. See Honahche. Freznales (Freznos, Fresnos, Fresno Indians (Marysville Weekly Express 1858). Indians of Fresno region (Mewuk on north, Yokut on south). Ha-cha-nah. Me'wuk village at Railroad Flat, 6 miles south of West Point, Calaveras Co.-CHM. Ha-e'-nah. Former Me'wuk village at Sandy Gulch, 2 miles south of West Point.-CHM. 144 Ha-eng'-ah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley at foot of El Capitan and little west of He-le'-jah.-CHM. Hah-ki'-ah. Former Mew'wah large village on north side Yosemite Valley near base of Three Brothers and west of Soo-sem'- moo-lah.-CHM. Ham'-moo-ah. Former Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley on Ford Road and nearly opposite Three Brothers.-CHM. Hang-e'-we-e. Large Me'wah village on McKinney ranch near Stanislaus River, 14 miles northeast of Columbia.-CHM. Hawhaw. "Tribe" in Tuolumne River region mentioned by Bancroft. Hawhaw is not the name of a tribe but of an old chief of the Aplache tribe.-CHM. Haw-kaw'-koi (Hokok'wito, Hok-ok'-wi-dok, Hococwedoc). Former large and important Mew'wah village on south side Merced River in Yosemite Valley, on site now occupied by Sentinel Hotel and cottages. Home of band called Yo-ham'-i-te.- CHM. Hawk-ok'-we-dok (Hok-ok'-wi-doc, Hok-ok'-wito, Hococwedoc). Inhabitants of How-kaw-koi.-CHM. Haw'-too-too. Former Mew'wah village on north side Merced opposite present 'Indian Ranch'.-CHM. He-hu-to. Former Mew'wah village on Mariposa Creek in lower timber.-CHM. He-hut'-to-che. Mew'wah band on Mariposa Creek in lower timber; inhabitants of village he-hu-to.-CHM. He-ka'-nah (Hik-ka'-nah). Former Mew'wah village on north side Merced River near Exchequor mine dam.-CHM. He-le'-jah. Former small Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley at base of El Capitan.-CHM. He-le-oo (Koo-loo-te). Me'wah village at Sonora (present rancheria). -CHM. Hep-hep'-oo-ma. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley where present road to Big Oak Flat leaves the Valley road, near west end of El Capitan Meadows.-CHM. Hetch'-hetch'-e. Former village in Hetch-hetchy Valley on Tuolumne River. The people, Hetch-hetch we-ah.-CHM. 145 He-toi'-yah (Hittoya, Hettitoya, Heth-to-ya). Yokut (of San Joaquin Plain) name for Mew' -wah of the Mountains (in the pine timber).-CHM. Heth-to'-ya (Hethtoyas). Mew'wah band on Upper Chowchilla (Powers 1873). See He-toi'-yah. Hitch-a-wet'-tah. Mew'wah village 3 miles above (east of) Wassama.-CHM. Hok-ok'-wi-doc (Hok-ok'-wito, Hocoewedoc). Said by Powers (1873) to be old village in Yosemite Valley, on site of Hutchings Hotel. Really the people of the village Haw-kaw'-koi, -CHM. Band called Ho-kok'-kwe'-tah and Yo-ham'-i-te.-CHM. Ho-ko-nah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley below Ti'-e-te'-mah.-CHM. Hol'-low'. Indian Cave, on north side of east end of Yosemite Valley. Also called Lah'-koo'-hah.-CHM. Ho-nah'-che (Ho-na-chee, Ho-na'-ches). Alleged tribe in southern Sierra foothills, mentioned by L.H. Bunnell. The Me'wuk tell me that there never was a tribe of this name, but that ho-nah'-che means "drunken people". See also Pohoneche.-CHM. Hook-ka'-go. Mewuk band (village?) near Buena Vista, Amador County. -CHM. Hoo-ke-hatch-ke. Former Mew'wah village at extreme head of Yosemite Valley, between Merced River and Tenaya Creek.- CHM. Hoo'-koo-me'-ko-tah. Former Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley just east of Galen Creek house - looked easterly over big meadow.-CHM. Hoong'-ah (Hung-ah). Former Me'wah village at Bald Rock, northeast of Soulsbyville (old original village).-CHM. Hoo-tah'-zoo. Me'wuk village about 1 mile west of San Andreas. -CHM. Ho-po-to'-ne or Ho' p'to'-ne. Former Mew'wah village or camp on south side Yosemite Valley at west base of Cathedral Rocks and close to south end of El Capitan bridge.-CHM. Ho' pl-lo'-ho. Former Mew'wah village in Mariposa foothills 4 or 5 miles below Tin-pah'-nah-te and some distance west of Colorado Creek.-CHM. 146 Ho- sam-mah. Chukchansy name for Po'-ho-ne'-che or Was-saml-mah (Fresno Flats). -CHM. Ho-too'-nah-che. Former Mew'wah village on lower Merced in timber. -CHM. How-wi'-ne. Mew'wah village about 9 miles above Cold Spring.-CHM. Hung'-ah. Former Me'-wah rancheria at Bald Rock about 3 miles northeast of Soulebyville.-CHM. I-nex-lo-che. Misprint for A-wal-a-che = Ow'-wal-a-che. Kahp'-pah-nin'-nah. Me'wah village 2+ miles southwest of Jamestown, Tuolumne Co. -CHM. Kah-win'-na-bah. Former Mew'wah large sumer camp in Little Yosemite Valley (on Merced River above Yosemite).-CHM. Kahl'-win-oo'-chah. Me'wah village on McCormick ranch, between north and Middle Forks of Stanislaus River.-CHM. Kasus' (Jesus, Casus', Kos-soos', Kossus). Band on Stanislaus River under Chief Jose' Jesus' (-Casus', pronounced Ka- soos' or Ha-soos'). May have been Mew'ko.-CHM. Kee-che (Keeches). Rancheria and band near Fresno River. Kew'-sah. Former Me'wah village at Phoenix Lake reservoir, between Sonora and Soulsbyville.-CHK. Ke'-tratche (Ket Watche). Band at or near Merced (probably not Me'wan but Yo'kut.-CHM). Kil'-mit-ten. Big Mew'wah rancheria on flat on north side Merced River just above 'Government Bridge'.-CHM. Kis'-se. Former large Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley near Merced River and nearly opposite Hah-ki'-ah.-CHM. Kit'-te-we'-nah. Former Mew'wah village 1 mile above (east of) Ow'-wal, on Merced River; 1+ miles above head of Pleasant Valley and below Horseshoe Bend.-CHM. Ko-mi'-ne (Ko' m-i'-ne, Koom-i-ne, Coomi'nee, Ku-mai'-ni, Kuinini). Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley near foot of Yosemite Falls. Largest and most important village in Yosemite Valley.-CHM. Kom-pom-pa-sah. Small Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley below Hah-ki'-ah and near Three Brothers.-CHM. 147 Ko'-ne (Kon'-ne, Kon'-na, Koni, Ka'-ne, Ka-ni, Cawnees, Ko'-ne-u- kon'-ne; misprint for "ko'-ne or Kon'-ne"). A Mewuk tribe on Middle and south Forks Cosumnes River. The most northerly Mewuk tribe.-CHM. Koo'-loo-te. Me'wah village where Sonora now is, in Tuolumne Co. -CHM. Koo-yu'-kah-che. Former Mewwah village and band 3 miles above Merced Falls.-CHM. Ko-sa-mah-no'-noo. Me'wah village on Sixmile Creek near Vallecito. -CHM. Koos'-soo'-mah-te. Mew'wah band w mile above Mariposa, on Mariposa Creek in lower timber.-CHM. Ko-tup'-plan-nah (Co-to-plan'-e-mis, Koto-plo-nemis; Daily Alta Calif. 1851). Former Me'wah village at Rawhide, Tuolumne County, 4 miles northwest of Jamestown (across Table Mountain). -CHM. Ko'-yo-che (Salt people). Former Mew'wah village in foothills on south side Tuolumne River, 1yj miles from Si-ang'-ah-se. -CHM. Kuk'-kah-hoo'-lah-che. Former Mew'wah village on Merced River in south part Pleasant Valley, 1 mile above Wil-le'-to. -CHM. Kun-nu'-sah (also called Mas'-sing wal'-le mas'-se). Old Mewuk village 1 mile east of West Point, Calaveras County.- CHM. Kut-too-gah. Me'wah village on ridge 1 mile north of Murphys, Calaveras County.--CHM. Lah'-koo'-hah. Indian Cave on north side of east end of Yosemite Valley. Also called Hol'-low'.-CHM. La-la, Lah'-lan or Lah'-a-lan (La-la, La-las, Lalos). Mew'wah village in Mariposa Hills at Plum Bar, at west head of Bear Creek (toward Sweetwater).-CHM. La-pap-poos (Lapappu, Lapapu). A Tuolumne Me'wah band (Adam Johnston 1854; Latham 1856). Laysamite (Le-sam'-ai-ti, Lesamaiti). Unidentified village attributed by Powers to Yosemite Valley and said to be 1/5 mile above No-to-mid'-u-la (Powers 1873 and 1877). Doubtless error. 148 C,h Le-ham'-i-te or Le-=-ham'-i-te (Le-ham-mit-te). Mew'wah band on Mariposa Creek near lower limit of timber (on old road). -CHM. Lem-me'-hitch'-ke. Former Mew'wah village or camp on south side Yosemite Valley on east side Bridalveil or Pohono Creek.- CHM. Leucheas. Tribe located by Schenck on banks of San Joaquin about 12 miles south of Stockton- (W. Egbert Schenck, Aboriginal Groups of Calif., Delta Region, p. 126, map p. 133, Nov. 13, 1926). Li-yan-to. Error for Si-yan-to = Si-yang-o-se. Loi'-ah. Former large Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley in open pine forest between base of Sentinel Rock (Loi-ah) and Merced River.-CHM. Lo'-pah-tah'-tah (Lopotatimnes, Lopotatimni, Lapototot, Lapototo- mney, Lopstatimnes, Lopolatimne, misprint, Sapototot, Sapotatumne, Putto or Putato?). Former Ko'ne Me'wuk village on Cosumnes River.-CHM. Luk-lum' -ne (Laklumne, Loc-lum-ne, Loclumne, Lucklumna, Luck-lum- na, Louklumnes, Locklomnee, Locolomne, Locolome, Locol, Lacomnis). Band in Ione Valley, Amador County in 1844. Mah-cha'-to (Macha'yto, Ma-che'-to). Large Mew'wah village on north side of Yosemite Valley at mouth of Indian Canyon (Powers 1874, 1877). Only village still inhabited in 1910. -CHM. Malposelta ve'-ah. Spanish-Indian name for big Mew'wah village about 6 miles below Mariposa, on same Creek.-CHM. Mariposas. Mewwah tribe in Mariposa region (Garcia 1820). Mas'sing-wal'le-mas'-se. Former Mewuk village 1 mile east of West Point, Calaveras County. Same as Kun-nu'-sah.-CHM. Meewie. Southernmost band of Mewuk family, between Merced and Fresno (Powers) = Mu-wu = Mew'wah. Meewoc (Meewoc (Powers 1873), Mi'-wok (Powers 1877; Gatschet 18830, Miook (Kingsley 1885), Me'-wuk (Merriam 1907). Term used in a family sense; also for the northernmost of the 3 tribes. See Me'wuk. Mercedes (Merced). Spanish name for Indians on Merced River in foothills (Barbour and Wozencraft, 1853). 149 Me-uk. (Oakland Tribune, Feb. 15, 1931). Me-Wa. (Berkeley Gazette, June 27, 1928). Me'-wah (Mewahs (Jewett 1856), Meewa (Powers 1873), Mi-ua (Gatschet 1877), Me'-woss (Salem Clark 1904), Mi'-wa (Powers 1877), Me'-wah (Merriam 1903 and 1907), Middle Me'wuk (Merriam 1907). The middle one of the three Mewuk tribes (territory from southern branches Calaveras River to Tuolumne River). -CHM. Me'-wan. Stock name; includes both Me'wuk and Inne'ko families. -CHM. Me-we. Wemvks (typog. error) (San Francisco Chronicle, May 3, 1924); Meuwks (typog. error) (Stockton Record, April 16, 1924). Me'wuk (Meewxoc (Powers 1873), Mil-wuk, Mi'-wok, Me'wuk, Mi'wuk, MeWuk Me-wuk, Mewucks, Newuk, Meewocs (Chalfant 1922). Northernmost of the three Mewuk tribes. Territory: Middle Fork Cosumnes south to Sheep Ranch and Mountain House in Calaveras Co.-CHM. Me-wak tribe (Sonora region). (Oakland Tribune, June 29, 1928). Mew'-wah (Meewie (Powers 1873), Mi'-wi (Powers 1877), Mu-wa, Muwa (Merriam 1904), Mew'-wah and Me-we (Merriam 1907), Mu-wu (Merriam MS). Southernmost of the three Mewulc tribes. Territory from Tuolumne River south to Fresno Creek. -CHM. Middle Mewuk (Central Sierra Miwok). See Me'wah. Mikechuses. Foothills band said to have lived between Mariposa and Tuolumne Rivers (Barbour 1853). May be error for Nutchuches = Noot'-choo.-CHM. Mo-ke'. Mew'wah village in Mariposa hills east of Plum Bar and near western head of Bear Creek, toward Sweetwater.-CHM. Mo'-nas-soo (Mo'-nas-su). Mew'wah village on high hill 1 mile east of Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras County.-CHM. Moo'-lah-buk'-sa-bah'. Former Mew'wah village on north side Merced River just below and close to 'Government Bridge'.-CHM. Moquelumnan. Moquelumne group of Latham = Moquelumnan Family of Powell = Me'wan stock of Merriam = Stock name for largest group of tribes in central California. See Me'wan. -CHM. 150 Muwik tribe. (Stockton Record, Calif., Dec. 6, 1932). Muh-cho'-kah-ne'. Old Mew'wah rancheria on flat on south side Merced River not far from 'Government Bridge'. Present 'Indian Farm'.-CHM. M4ul-lat-te-co (Mullateco). Name used by Adam Johnston (and after him by Latham) for a Tuolumne band. The word is not a village or band name but means "no good`tt-CHM. Nelceltchumne. Unidentified band said to have been on Fresno Reservation in 1861. Newuk. Error for Mewuk (Dorrington 1927). Newuka. At Knights Ferry, Stanislaus River (Oakland Tribune, May 26, 1930). Nok'-too-tah-che. Former Mew'wah village in Mariposa - Merced region; on Mariposa Creek in lower timber.-CHM. No'-mah. Me'wuk village at Indian Diggings, El Dorado County. -CHM. Noot'-choo (Nootchoos, Noot-cho, Noot-chu, Nut'-chu, Nuchu, Neut-chu, Noochues, Nookchu, Nook-chu, Nook-choo, Nookchoo, Nook-choos (Daily Alta Calif. 1851), Nook-choos, Nookchues, Nut'-choo-che, Nutrecho, Neuch-teus, Nuch-tues (Daily Alta Calif. 1851). Mew'wah band or subtribe at Was-sam'-mah. Western Monache (Nim) name for Po'-ho-ne'-che.-CHM. Northern Me'wuk or Me'wuk proper. Northernmost tribe of Mewuk Family (Merriam 1907 and 1909).-CHM. Notomi'doola (Notomidula, No-to-mid-u-la). Said to be former Mew'wah village in Yosemite Valley, 400 yards east of Macheto at mouth of Indian Canyon (Powers 1874, 1877). Not identified by me.-CHM. No'-watch. Mew'wah village 5 miles southwest of Grubb Gulch and due south of Indian Peak. Probably southernmost village of tribe.-CHM. Nu-mal-tachee (Numaltachi, Nu-mal-tachee, Mumaltachi). Band attributed to Tuolumne region (Johnston). The middle Me'wuk tell me there never was a band by the name, but that Noo-mah'-tah-chee means liar.-CHM. Nu-tre-cho. Tribe on Fresno River (Wessells 1853). Probably Noot'-choo.-CHM. 151 0-haw'-wun'-te or O-ho'-wun-te. Mewlwah village in Mariposa hills a little south of head of Bear Creek.-CHM. Oi'-ko'-bah. Small Mew'wah village at mouth of Moss Canyon, north side Merced River.-CHM. O'-ke-chum'-ne (=Hawktchumne). A Yokut tribe on lower Merced River (Wessells 1857) erroneously referred to Mewuk by Kroeber. Olowits (Olowit, Olowedocs, Ol-lo'-e-tuk, Olowedo, Olowedoc, Ol-o-wi-dok, Olowidok, Olowitok, Ol-law'-we-dah, Olawee'yas, Ol-o-wi'-yah, Olowiya, Olwiya, Ol-o-wit, Ol'-lok-kuk). Westerners = valley people.-CHM. Ol'-we'-ah. Village 2 or 3 miles south of Indian Peak, about 5 miles from Grub Gulch. May be Yokut?-CHM. Omo. Me'wuk village at Omo Ranch, El Dorado County.-CHM. Oo-poo'-san-ne (U-poo'-sa-ne). Ko'ne Me'wuk village 1 mile south of Buena Vista (6 or 7 miles south of Ione), Amador County.-CHM. O-wel'-lin haht'-te-hu. Former Mewlwah village on Merced River 1 mile above dam of Exchequor mine.-CHM. Ow'-wal. Former Mew'wah village at big water hole on Merced River at head of Pleasant Valley.-CHM. Ow'-wal-la-che (Ow'-al-a-che). The inhabitants of Ow'-wal.-CHM. Pah-ka-nu. Tribe or band in Stanislaus - Tuolumne region (Wessells 1853). Probably Pek-kan'-soo.-CHM. Pahng'-ah-hung'-che. Me'wah village at or near Garrote, a few miles east of Big Oak Flat, Tuolumne County.-CHM. Pal-la'-chan (Pal-lah-chan). Native (Mew'wah) name of Wawona basin and village. The people were Pal-la'-chan we'-ah.-CHM. Pa'-pah-la.-no (Pa-pah-la-nah, Pa-plin). Me'wah village at Old Sonora Camp, 1 mile north of Sonora, Tuolumne County.-CHM. Pa'-plan Mu'-wah. Inhabitants of Pa-pah-la-nah (their name for themselves).-CHM. Pek-ken'-soo (Pen-ken'-soo, misprint, Pah-ka-nu?). Former Me'wuk village 4 miles east of West Point, Calaveras County. Easternmost village of tribe.-CHI. 152 Pel-le'-win-ne we'-ah. Mew'wah band or subtribe of Bear Valley, Mariposa County, and thence down nearly to Mariposa and Hornitas. Language same as Chowchilla Mew'wah.-CHM. Pe-loo'-ne (Pe-loo'-ne-che). Mewwah band in lower Merced- Mariposa region; on Mariposa Creek in lower timber.-CHM. Pe-loo'-ne. Village on west side Chowchilla Canyon between Grant Springs and old Chowehilla schoolhouse. Given me by A.J. Hogan, half-breed Chowchilla Mewuk.-CHM. Phonecha. See Honache and Po'-ho'-ne-che. Po'-no-ne'-che (Po'-ho-ne-chees, Po-ho-neech-es, Poho-neche, Po'honeechees, Po-ho-nee-chees, Powhawneches, Po-ho-neich-es, Po'-ho-ni-chi, Po-no-no-chee, Po-no-nu-chus, Pohuniche, Pah-huh-hach-is, Po-ko-na-tri, Phonecha, Fonechas-misprint). Band on north bank Fresno Creek (Powers 1873). (To-e-ne-ches of Barbour?). Name used by Southern Mewuk of Fresno Flats (Was-sam'-mah) for their own tribe, which they agree reaches north to Tuolumne River and west to Raymond.-CHM. Po-ko-no'. Mewwah village on north side Mereed River on flat X mile below El Portal.-CHM. Po-koo'-noo'. Mew'wah village in Mariposa foothills 21 miles north of Tin-pah'-nah-te.-CHM. Po-li'-as-soo. Me'wuk village at Scottsville, 1+ miles south of Jackson, Amador County (Mewuk).-CHM. Po-lo (Paulo, Polo Indians (Gilbert 1882). Band in vicinity of San Andreas, Calaveras County, of which there were about 200 in 1856. Named after chief Polo (Taylor). Pon-wat-chee (Pon-watch-ee). See Pow-watch-e. Poot'-poo-toon' (Put'-put-toon, Putputon). Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley near Black Spring.-CHM. Po'-tah (Potaaches?, Potoachos?). Old Me'wuk village near Springfield (between Sonora and Columbia, Tuolumne County). Largest village. Its people Po-tah-a-cho.-CHM. Potawackaties (Potawackati). Unidentified band attributed to Merced and upper Tuolumne region (Barbour 1853). May have been Pou-watch-ie's band on South Fork Merced. Potoyante (Po'-to-ah'-che, Potaaches?, Potoachos?, Po-to-yun-te, (Fresno Republican, April 15, 1929). Southern Mewuk tribe on Merced River (Warde). See Po-toi'-an-te and Po'-ho- ne'-che.-CHM. 153 Pow-watch-e (Pou-watch-ie, Pon-watch-ee, Pon-wat-chee). Noot-choo chief and band on South Fork Merced in 1851.-Bunnell. Put-wu-hu or Poot-wu-hu. Mew'wah village in Mariposa Hills at head of Bear Creek.-CHM. Puk-ko'-lah. Village about 2 miles east or southeast of Grant Springs on the east side Chowchilla Canyon and east of Hogan Creek, about 3 miles south or southwest E-le'-look- noo. Given me by A.J. Hogan half-breed Chowchilla Mewuk. -CHM. Sak-ka-ya (Sakaya, Saccaya). Said to be village in Yosemite Valley. -Powers. Sal-lah'-to. Mew'wah village in Merced Canyon at El Portal (where railroad station now stands).-CHM. The place, apparently, Sas'-oo-lah. Sapototot (Sapotatumne). (Misprints). See Lo-pah-tah'-tah. Sap-pah'-sam'-mah. Former summer camp in south side Yosemite Valley near Pohono Meadows.-CHM. Saw'-po-che. Me'wuk village at Big Flat, 5 miles west of West Point, Calaveras County.-CHMi. Se'-saw-che. Mew'wah village and people at Horseshoe Bend, Merced River; on both sides river.-CHM. Se'-wah. Village near Slough House. Probably Mew'-ko (B.T.-CHM). Si-ang'-ah-se (Si-yang'-o-se, Si-yan-te, Siyante, Se-gan-te, Se-an-tre, Singaw-to (misprint), Si-yau-te, Seyante, Li-yan- to, Ty-poxies (after Chief Ty-poxe). Mew'wah band on south side Tuolumne 4 miles below Pleasant Valley; at base of mountain of same name between head of Pleasant Valley and LaGrange, near where Stanislaus, Tuolumne, Merced, and Mariposa Counties come together.-CHM. Sik-ke'-ne. Mew'wah village in Mariposa foothills 1 or 1l mile south or southeast of Colorow (=Colorado), toward Bear Creek.-CHM. So-law'-ne. Village on mountain 7 or 8 miles from Hite's Cove (near Sneider's ranch).-CHM. So'-pem'-che (So-pen'-che (Merriam 1907). Mew'wah village on Bull Creek east of Coulterville. Many of the Yosemite Indians winter here.-CHM. 154 Soo-hoo'-koo-loon'. Former Mew'wah village on present site of Ferguson Station on north side Merced River, 6 miles below El Portal.-CHM. Soo-sem'-moo-lah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley at northwest end of Folsom Ford.-CHM. Soo'-wut-oo-lah'. Former large Mew'wah village on oak-forested flat on north side Merced River (near Railroad Switch Flat) separated from Choo'-pi-tah by Hogback ridge.-CHI. Sosemity. Error for Yosemite. Southern Melwuk (Mew'wah, Southern Sierra Miwok). Tribe in foot- hills and mountains between Tuolumne and Fresno Rivers (Merriam 1907). Stanislaus (Stanislas). Spanish name for tribe between Calaveras and Tuolumne Rivers. Same as Kossus' (Casus') band. May have been Mew'ko on lower Stanislaus.-CHM. Suk-kah-ah (Suc-co-ah, Su-caah, Sucaah, Su-kah's (Daily Alta Calif. 1851), Suc-ca-ah, Suc-caahs, Lukahs?). Unidentified band in Stanislaus - Tuolumne region, named for its chief, Suc-caah-ke.-CHM. Su-ki'-uk. Ko'-ne Mewuk village on or near Cosumnes River above Slough House.-.CHM. Sut-p-ok. Said to be at Hites Cove. Sut-pok = South Fork! Tah-hah'-ll (Ta-ha-leel). Rancheria at Indian Garden at main forks of Chowchilla River in foothills (18 Calif. Treaties; Merriam). A Mew'wah band whose dialect is like that of the Noot'-choo of Was-sam'-ma.-CHM. Tahk'-a-mah. Me'wah village on main Stanislaus near old bridge between McCormick and McKinney (W).-CHM. Tah'-tahk'-itch-ke. Former Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley on south bend of Merced River west of LeConte Memorial. -CHM. Takin (Tankan?). Rancheria near Dents Ferry on Stanislaus River (name given by Yokut) (Powell in Powers 1877). Ta-la-sa'-nah (Ta'-les-sa'-nah). Present Me'wah village near Bald Rock 21 miles northeast of Soulsbyville, Tuolumne County.-CHM. Talatui. Unidentified band mentioned by Dana (MS) as about Cosumnes River (Hale, 222, 630, 1846). Language agreeing with Wi'-pa.-CHM. 155 Tam-le'-ah. Monache Nim name for Po'-to-an'-che of Fresno Flat.- CHM. Tam'-moo-la'-kah (Tam-mah-le'-ah, Tam'-moo-leh, Toomedoc, Ta-mo-le'-ka, Tamoleka, TanDle'cas, Tamuleko, Tum'-moo-lek, Tam-moo-la'-kah, Tamlocklock?). Oleta Me'wuk name for Aukum band of Me'wuk = north .people.-CHM4. Tam-moo-let-e-sa. Me'wuk rancheria 2 miles northeast of Oleta. -CHM. Tan' -no. Washoo name for Mewuk. -CHM. Tap-pin-ah-go. Mew'wah village 2 miles northeast of Groveland on Big Creek, Tuolumne County.-CHM. See also Topinagugim. Taw-kaw'-ye. Mew'wah village on Buffalo Creek in Mariposa hills close to Feliciana Mountain.-CHM. Taw-maw'-saw-ne. Mew'wah village in Mariposa foothills 2+ miles from Colorado toward Sherlock.--CHM. Ta-woos-nuz'-ze and Yu-yut-to. Old Me'wuk village on Government reservation 4 miles northeast of Jackson, Amador County (Ta-woo-muz-ze sounds like Piute name).-CHM. Tcausilla. See Chow-chil'-lah. Te-baw'-to-yah. Me'wah village on south side Stanislaus, 2 miles above Carson Hill OW).-CHM. Tenayas. Yosemite tribe named for chief Tenaya mentioned by Kroeber in La Conte Lectures (1919). Te-wi'-oo-lah. Mew'wah village on Little Bear Creek about 2 miles south of Colorow (Colorado).-CHM. Threse'. Unidentified band in Stanislaus - Tuolumne foothills (Wessells 1857). Ti'-e-te'-mah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley near El Capitan bridge and below Hep-hep'-oo-ma.-CHIM. Tin-pah'-nah-te (Tin-pa'-nah-che). Mew'wah village and band in Mariposa foothills; village called Colorow' (Colorado) Rancheria on east bank Colorado Creek, few miles above Mariposa.-CHM. Name pronounced Tim-pah'-nah-te by head chief Kelly.-CHM. Ti'-pox-e (Tiposies, Ty-poxe, tipocksie, Typoxies). Mew'wah band named after Ti'poxe (Typoxi), a great chief of the Si-yan'-te tribe, called by Powers Merced Chimteya. 156 To'mole. Band in Tuolumne County (Gatschet). Tong-aw'-nahl-pah. Village just over the hill from Cold Spring on south side of intervening hill (on Marshall Harris ranch). Given me by A.J. Hogan, half-breed Chowchilla Mewuk.-CHM. Too-lah'-kah-mah. Former Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley on open flat, now orchard, northeast of LeConte Memorial. -CHM. Toomedoc (Toomedocs, Tu-mi-dok, Tumidok, Toomums, Tumum). Name (meaning northerners) used by Mewah of Stanislaus River for Mewuk farther north (Powers 1873). Too-yu-oos'-pah. Village 3 miles above Bailey Flat on south or west side at base of peak at Lucy Hite's and close to her house. -CHM. Too-yu'-yu'-yu. Former large Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley on Merced River close to bridge north of LeConte Memorial.-CHK. Topinagugim. Village (Culin, after Hudson). See Tap-pin-ah-go. Tosemiteiz (probably Yosemite Indian). Tribe said to live on headwaters Chowchilla River (Lewis 1857). Doubtless error for Yoham'ites. Tu-ol'-um-ne (Tuolumnes, Towolumnes, Towalumnes, Tow-uin-ne, Towal- amie). Name used in loose and improper sense for Me'wuk bands on river of same name. Should be restricted to Mew'ko tribe of this name living lower down the river.-CHM. Um'-ma-taw. Former large Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley between LeConte Memorial and Happy Isles.-CIM. U-poo'-san-ne. See Oo-poo'-san-ne. Wa-ha'-ka (Wahaka). Name used by Powers for former Mew'wah village in Yosemite Valley at base of high rocks of same name (Wah-ha'-kah, Three Brothers). The Yosemite Indians tell me that there never was a village of this name, but that there were several villages along the foot of Wahaka.-CHM. Wah-ho'-gah. Former Mew'wah village on north side of Yosemite Valley about I mile west-southwest of Koom-i'-ne near edge of meadow. -CHM. Wa-hil-to. Mew'wah village near Grub Gulch.-CHM. 157 Wali-ki-lah (Wah-ki-la, Wakalla = Wakel'loo = river, We-chil-la's (Daily Alta Calif. 1851), Wahkila, We-chill-la (Ryer 1853), Wechilla, We-chil-la (Royce 1891). Unidentified band in Stanislaus-Tuolumne foothills (Wessells). Probably merely name river misapplied to tribe! Wahk-kal'-loo-tah (Wahk-kal-loo-tah'-che, Wakalumytoh). Merced River Mew'wah in foothills above Merced Falls (W); on Mariposa Creek in lower timber.-CHM. Wah'ng'-oo-hah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Merced River on a small flat a little above the mill at present Ferguson mine.-CHM. Wakalumy. On Upper Tuolumne. Probably geographic name. Wal-lang'-te. Mewlwah village in Merced foothills (W).-CHM. A former chief was called Lo-tan-yo by the Spanish Mexicans. Wal'le (Walley, Wallies (Sacramento Daily Democratic Journal 1856), Wallas. (Weekly Alta Calif. 1853; Sacrmento Daily Democratic State Journal 1853), Wallawalla (Sacramento Daily Democratic State Jourmal 1855), Walla, Wallas, Wal'-li, Wallie, Wallies). Name used by Mountain Indians for bands lower down (west) between Stanislaus and Tuolumne Rivers (Patrick 1856; Powers 1873). Was-sam'-mah (Was-sa'-ma, Wah-sam'-mah). Po'-to-an'-che (Mew'wah) village and ceremonial house on south side stage road at Was-sam' -mah (formerly called Ahwah'nee stage station), on Wassam'a Creek. The people of Was-sam'-mah call themselves Po'-to-an'-che. They were called Noot'-choo by the neigh- boring Chow-chil-la Mew'-wa and also by the Monache Nim.- CHM. We-chil'-la (We-chilla, Wechilla, Wechilla, We-chil-la's (Daily Alta Calif. 1851), We-chill-la, We-chillas). Unidentified band on reservation between Stanislaus and Tuolumne Rivers in 1851; named after chief We-chil'-la. We'-sum-me. Former Mew'wah village on south side Yosemite Valley at base of Cathedral Spires and near Merced River.-CHM. We'-tum-taw. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley below Ho-ko'-nah and east of Black Spring.-CHM. Wi'-le. Mewuk village on knoll 1 mile east of West Point, Calaveras County.-CHM. Wil'-le-to. Former Mew'wah village at pool on Merced River at Barret ranch, just south of Pleasant Valley.-CHM. 158 Wil-tuk'-um-nees (Wil-tuc-um'-nees). Tuolumne River tribe (Galen Clark 1904). Wis'-kah-lah (Wis-kul'-la, Wiskala, Wisculla). Large Mew'wah stumer camp on north side Yosemite Valley west of Royal Arches, in present Kinneyville (Powers 1873).-ClM. Witch-e-kol'-che. Me'wuk village li miles northeast of Rich Gulch P.O., Calaveras County. Apparently same as village called Ahp-pan-tow'-we-lah by West Point Mewuk.-CHM. Witch-ya-tah (Witch-et'-tah yet'-tah). Old burying ground at Wassanma (Fresno Flat) belonging to Po'-ho-ne'-che tribe.- CHM. Wu'-ye. Mewah village at Robinsons Fery on Stanislaus River. -CHM. Wynoot. Tribe near Murphy's New Diggings in 1849 (Gerstacker). Yah-wo'-kah-che. Mew'wah village on Merced River j mile above Ow'-wal (at head of Pleasant Valley); on Merced River half way between Kit-te-we'-nah and Ow'-wal.-CHM. Yo-ham'-i-te or Yo-hem'-i-te (Yo-Ham-i-tes (Hutchings 1856), Yeosemoty, Yeosemotyss Osom-me-tes, 0-sem-etes (Daily Alta Calif. 1852), Yo-ham-e-tl, Yohamite, Yoamity, Yo-hem-U-tcl, Yosimities, Yosemites, Yosahmittis, Yo-sem-i-ties, Yo-sem-i- tees, Yo-sem-i-te, Yosemite, Yo-Semitees, Yo-Semitee's, Yosemitig, Yosemitics, 0-sem-etes, Semitees (Daily Alta Calif. 1851), Yosemetes, Yo-sem-a-te, Yo-sem-ety, Yosoomite, Yosemetos, YoSemities, Yo-semety, Sosemiteiz, Sosemity, Tosemiteiz, Oosemite, Oosoomite). Originally the name Yo-ham'-i-te or Yo-hem'-i-te, as used by the Indians, was restricted to the Mew'wah band inhabiting the village Haw- kaw'-koi on the south side of Merced River on the site of Hutchings Hotel, now occupied by the cottages of Sentinel Hotel. Later, as used by the whites, the name, with numerous variations in pronunciation and spelling, was applied indiscriminately to all the native inhabitants of Yosemite Valley.-CHM. Yoong'-ah-ko'-te (Yung-ah-ko'-to). Me'wuk rancheria 1 mile below Avery's camp, below Big Trees, Calaveras County.-CHM. Yu-a'-chah. Former Mew'wah village on north side Yosemite Valley under El capitan and a little west of HR-eng'-ah. -CHM. 159 Yu'-le (U'-le). Old Me'wuh village 1 mile west of Plymouth (on site of flour mill), Anador County.-CHM. Yuleyumne, given by Bancroft as a rancheria in Sacramento Valley, probably refers to the inhabitants of Yule.-CHM. Yu-lo'-ne (Yulonees, Yu-lo'-nee, Yu-lo'-ni, Yuloni). Me'wuk band or village on Sutter Creek where town of Sutter Creek now is (Powers 1873; Merriam).-CHM. Yu'-yut-to (U'-yut-to). Old Me'wuk village on what is now Jackson reservation in Amador County.-"CHM. 160 NCIIAKKE TRIBE AND VILLAGES (From Elder Creek south to Stoney Creek and Salt Creek.) Unless otherwise stated all names are in language of Paskenta Nom-lak'-ke. Bo'-dan-choo-he. Village on south side Elder Creek at north foot of Table Mountain.-CHM. Bo'-lah-mit. Village about a mile east of How'-um-o-la'-lah, and about 4 miles east of big spring at Ken'-to-pul, which is about 1+ miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Chah'-chah-el'. Village on branch of McCarty Creek about mile above (westerly from) Sim'-me-o-la-le-e-sa'-to-nom, which was on Owens Creek about 1+ miles above Paskenta store.-CHM. Chah'-chah-sah'-he. Village on or near head of Underhill Creek, about 2 miles north of Noi'-te-kel, and south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Chawk'-pum. Village just above Dah'-tim-poo-el'-toi, which was on Sheldon's place half mile above Salt Creek.-CHM. Che-chah'-he-i. Village about 5 miles south of Elder Creek and north of present (1919) Paskenta rancheria on Thoms Creek; not far from So'-noom-o'-lel-e'-sle. Fine spring there called Sah'-waht. People used to go there to dream and to receive power to do certain things - as to make arrow points well, or do anything. Name of rancheria and nearby peak same.-CHM. Che'-kum-es-la. Large village on north side Thoms Creek opposite store in present village of Paskenta.-CHM. Chep'-dow. Largest N5mlakke village, located on big flat on north side Thoms Creek one mile below present (1919) Paskenta rancheria (in sort of canyon between present rancheria and Paskenta).-CHM. Choo'-la-lool bul'-le. Village south of Elder Creek and north of Thoms Creek at big spring in gap between high hills directly south of Table Mountain (called Pan'-te-pum).-CHM. Dah'-tim-poo-el'-toi. Village on Sheldon's place 2 mile above Salt Creek.-CHM. Da-pom-im-bos. Wintu (of Lewiston, Trinity River) name for Nom-lak-ke. 161 How'-um-o-la'-lah. Village about one mile east of Naw-e'-te-kel and about 3 miles east of big spring at Ken'-to-pul, which is about 1+ miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Kah'-li-el'. Village at present town of Newville on Salt Creek. -CHM. Ked-do'-hah-pe. Village on north side McCarty Creek about X mile east of Si-noi'-toi, and about 33 miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Ke'-loo-dow. Village on south side Elder Creek about 3 miles west of Bo'-dan-choo-he, which was at north foot of Table Mountain. -CHM. Ken'-ko-pol. Large village at big spring about 1+ miles south of Elder Creek and 2 mile north of Wen-nem'-ker-ril.-CHM. Ker-ril-o-la'-lah. Village on south side Elder Creek, north of Paskenta rancheria.-CHM. Kes-mem. Village on Underwood Creek northwest of old Paskenta rancheria (which was about midway between present Paskenta and Henleyville).-CHM. Ki'-pom-wi-kol'-li. Village near Thoms Creek, about a mile from Oak's place on Dry Creek, at or near sign at forks of Round Valley and Newville roads.-CHM. Ko'-bah-soon-sah'-wahl. Village south of Elder Creek and north of Thoms Creek at northwest foot of Table Mountain (right at bottom), about 3 miles west or southwest of Bo'-dan-choo- he. The old reservation road passes close by.-CHM. Koom-naw. Oo-ko-nom name for Nom'-lak-ke.-CIM. Me'-ki-e-we. Village on Dry Creek at Oak's place, about 4 mile below Oak's house, near Thoms Creek.-CHM. Moom'-ka-wil. Village on Salt Creek about a mile below Newville.- CHM. Naw-e'-te-kel (Noi'-te-kel). Village about 2 miles east of big spring at Ken'-to-pul, which is about lA miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Nel-et'-te-man. Village on Salt Creek at Newville, on hill on north side present school house.-CHM. Noi'-te-kel. See Naw-e'-te-kel. 162 Nom'-lak-kah. Tribe extending from Elder Creek southerly to Stony Creek and easterly to within 10 or 15 miles of Sacramento River. Their name for themselves.-CHM. Synonomy: No-am-lak-ke, Noam'-lak-ki, NoemaWylacker, Nomee Lacks, Nome-Lacke, Nomelackee, Nome Lackee, Nome- Lackees, Nome Lackie, Nom'-e-lak-e, Nome Lakee, Nomelaki, Nomlake, Nom'flak-e, Nomlaki, Nomlakki, Nom-le-a'-ka, Numlaki, Numleki, Tehamas, Titkainenom (Yuke name - Kroeber), Yumalacca (misprint). Nuk'-ko-ko. Village 2 mile below Newville in gulch on Salt Creek (on John Flood's place).-CHM. Pas-ken'-te. Village on north side Thoms Creek 5 or 6 miles below present village of Paskenta, and directly across from a bluff on south side. It is on south side of present county road. -CHM. Saws'-los (Saws'-slos). Village on north side Thoms Creek about 4 mile above Johnny Martin's house.-CHM. Sa-yo-bem'-me. Village on Salt Creek about a mile below Si'-wa-toi, and about 2 miles below Newville. Graveyard now there.-CHM. Sim'-me-o-l1-le-e-sS'-to-mon. Village on Owens Creek (creek that passes Paskenta store) in little valley beyond a hill about 1+ miles above Paskenta store.-CHM. Si-noi'-toi. Village on top of low hill by spring about 4 mile north of Si'-wi-el'-toi (which was on McCarty Creek), and about 33 miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Si'-wa-toi. Village on other side of Salt Creek from John Flood's place, a mile or more below Newville, on Salt Creek.-CHM. Si'-wi-el'-toi. Village on McCarty Creek about a mile north of So'-noom-o'-lel-e'-sle and 4 miles south of Elder Creek. -CHM. So'-noom-o'-lel-e'-sle (meaning "round rock on top of other rock"). Village about 5 miles south of Elder Creek and just over the ridge north of present (1919) Paskenta rancheria on Thoms Creek. Big spring there.-CHM. S5n'-te-law-kah. Village under big cliff on or near Thoms Creek. Used to be roundhouse there.-CHM. So-taw'-kum-loi'-te. Large village on Salt Creek in gap at beginning of canyon at Newville, about v mile below Kah'-li-el'. Can still see rocks rubbed smooth by grinding acorns.-CHM. 163 Sow'-pum. Village on north side Thoms (Bennetts?) Creek 2 or 3 miles above present (1919) Paskenta rancheria and on south side of Round Valley road. Was a big chief's rancheria. -CHM. Tah'-hah-dow'. Village on north -side Salt Creek near Moom'-k.'-wil, which is about 1 mile below Newville.-CHM. Tahp'-dow. Village at or near head of McCarty Creek, about 2 miles above Si'-wi-el'-toi, which was about 4 miles south of Elder Creek.-CHM. Tahp'-num-wit'-te. Village south of Elder Creek and north of Thoms Creek on north side of Underhill Creek about 2 miles east of Chah'-chah-sah'-he. Headquarters of old Nomlakke Indian Reservation.-CHM. Te11-wer-ren-te-pe. Village on south side Thoms Creek about 1l miles above present (1919) Paskenta rancheria (Johnny Martin's house). Across creek from Hold house (a white house).-CHM. To-lo'-ki (Tolo'kai, Barrett). Village at junction Elle and Stong Creeks (Barrett). (Not sure whether Nomlakke or Noi-muk.-CHM.) Un-awl'-te. Village on Digger Creek (tributary to Elder Creek) about 21 miles west of Ke'-loo-dow, at a big cold spring. Used to be a ceremonial house there.-CHM. We'-do-koi. Village near Thoms Creek on road from present (1919) Paskenta rancheria to forks of road (leading north to Paskenta and south to Newville). About 2 or 3 mile east of present (1919) Paskenta rancheria and at foot of big high slick rock cliff (immediately south of cliff). Perhaps 4 mile west of Bill Haywood's house. Dark soil now marks the place. Big Chief lived there and had roundhouse. Named from Wid-dawk'-me, the valley oak (Quercus lobata).-CHM. Wen-nem'-ker-ril. Village about 2 miles south of Elder Creek.- CHM. Wes'-kes. Village about 4 mile above Johnny Martin's (and Dominik's) house, on other side (north side) Thoms Creek, in loop of bend of creek.-CHM. Wi'-so'-po-mem. Village on creek which empties into Thoms Creek at Wes'-kes. The old rancheria was at the foot of the mountains, perhaps 2 miles or more above Wes'-kes, which was on the north side of Thoms Creek about X mile above Johnny Martin's (and Dominik's) house.-CHM. 164 Yah'-ka-wel. Village on north side Thoms Creek about 1 mile below Ye-be'-pahs and about 3 miles below present town of Paskenta. Used to be a roundhouse there.-CHM. Ye-be'-pahs. Village on north side Thoms Creek about 2 miles below-present town of Paskenta and opposite a bluff. On Charley Mitchell's place.-CHM. The Grindstone people call the N5m-lak-ke, Yib'-be-pahs.-CHM. 165 TRIBE LIST OF KO-PEH (WIN) Foothill tribes of Wintoon stock on west side of Sacramento Valley from northern boundary of Colusa County south to Napa City. These tribes are: Chen'-po-sel (incl. Lol'sel), Choo-hel'-mem-sel', 'Kelet'-sel (or 'Klet' win), To-pi'-de-sel (Berryessa Valley)*, Ko-pa (Capay Valley), Nap'pah. Aclutoy. Former Win or Poo'-e-win village in Napa or Yolo Co. Indians of this place made a treaty with Gov. Vallejo in 1836 (Bancroft, after Vallejo MS, Hist. Calif., IV, 71, 1886; Hdbook. Am. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 9, 1907). Written Aklu-to by Kroeber (Handbook Inds., Calif., 356, 1925). May have been Poo-e-win but probably Ko-peh'. A'-de-he klah'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel' village on flat on west side of Big Indian Creek about 4 mile south of New Lagoda. (Named from A, the Black Gnat. )-CHM. Aklu-to (Kroeber 1925). See Aclutoy. Bakak. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Bakak'Labe. Baka'kLabe (Bah-kahk'-hlah-be). Old 'Klet-win village given by Barrett as 2 mile east of 'Klet, the present Cortena Valley village (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, Feb. 1908). Synonomy: Bakak (Kroeber 1925). Bear Valley Indians (Chen'-po-sel or Choo-hel'-mem-sel'). Men- tioned as stopping at ranch of H.N. Yates, Sept. 4, 1872 (Justus H. Rogers, Colusa County, Its History and Resources, p. 130, 1891). (Where is Yate's Ranch?) Ber-red'-de-he. Win name for their inhabited rancheria on Cache Creek at head of Capay Valley about a mile north of Rumsey. -CHM. Boi-yo'-me 'klabl-be. Small Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria about 4 mile north of East Park Dam just north of junction of Indian and Little Stony creeks, and on east side of ridge east of river.-CHM. Bud'-'klab'-be ('Klab'-be). Win village on Cache Creek north of Rumsey, at head of Capay Valley, commonly slurred to 'Klab'by. Given me by inhabitants of Bud-klab-be and also by 'Klet win in 1903, 1923, and 1927.-CHM. 'Called Mu-ful' sah-ko by the Lower Lake Pomo ('Ham-fo).-CHM - 166 Ca'ipetel (Barrett 1908). See Shi'-pet-tel. Capa'. See Copeh and Ko-peh. Caymus. See Ki'-mus. Chary. Name used by Gen. Bidwell in 1844 for tribe between Sacramento and north or west Fork Stony Creek (Justus H. Rogers, Colusa Co. History, 53, 1891). Exact location unknown, may have been a river tribe. Che-men'-nuk-me (Tcime'nukme, Barrett). Old village at Napa city (Barrett, Ethn-Geog. Pomo, 293, 1908). Chen'-po-sel'. Tribe whose principal rancheria of same name (also called Teb'-te 'klab'-be) was located at junction of Long Valley Creek with North Fork Cache Creek, at extreme south end Long Valley, Lake County. Territory extended south to Bonham Hill and junction of Cache and Bear Creeks and north to Allen Springs, southeast of Bartlett Springs. Name Chen'-po-sel' means Down South Place. The rancheria is situated on top the mesa between two creeks (just north of the junction).-CHM. Synonomy: Bear Valley Indians (Robers 1891; see main list); Chen'-po-sel' (Powers, The Calif. Indians, Overland Monthly; Vol. 13, 542, 543, 1874, also 544, 549; Powers, Tribes Calif., 219, 1877); Che'nposels (Bancroft, Nat. Races, III, 548, 1875); Chenposels (Palmer, after Powers, Hist. Lake and Napa Counties, 29 of Lake Co., 1881); Chenposel (Kroeber, Handbook Indians Calif., 356, 1925); Hi'-nap'-po and Now'-wik (Upper Lake Pomo names for Chen'-po-sel'.-CHM); Kai-nap-o (Palmer 1881); Khi-napo (Purdy 1901); Khainapo (Purdy 1902); Ki'-nap-po, ?Ko'-bah-sel (See main list); Ko'-lum-fo (Name used by 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake for Chen-po-sel.-CHM); Now'-wik (See Hi'-nap'-po this synonomy); Teb'-te 'klab'-be (Village name; Merriam MS 1906); Te'bti (Barrett 1908); Tobti (Kroeber 1925). Chish'-ah-fo'. Lower Lake 'Ham'-fo name for Ko-peh' band at Lol'-sel, upper end Long Valley on Long Valley Creek, eastern Lake Co. (Not distinguishable from Chemposel.)- CHM. Cho'-che (Tco'tcl, Barrett). Old ('Klet'-win) village on east bank Cortina Creek about X mile north of bridge which crosses creek near Jean Vann ranch house, now occupied by Joseph Mahhas (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, Feb. 1908). Synonomy: Chochi (Kroeber 1925). Chochi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Cho'-che. 167 Choo'-dah-koot (or T'choo'dah-koot). Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their rancheria at or near Sites, Colusa County. Name given me by old man, member of tribe, living near Sites, June 20, 1903; later given me by other members of tribe as south of Sites.-CHM. Choo-hel'-mem 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel' name for their village on Little Indian Creek in Indian Valley (on Henneky Ranch, ranch house on site, at forks of road where Cook Springs road joins Leesville road) about 8 or 10 miles south of Stony Ford. Principal town of tribe. (Named for Choo-hel, the sword grass.)-CHM. For tribe, see Choo-hel'- mem-sell'. See also 0l-dow'-wis. Synonomy: TcuhelmemLabe (Barrett 1908; see main list); Chuhelmen (Kroeber 1925). Choo-hel'-mem-sel'. Ko-peh' tribe of the Ladoga-Sites region. Their territory extends from Grapevine Creek on the north, southerly to near Venado (not quite reaching Venado or Mountain House); and from the eastern edge of the western foothills of Sacramento Valley from Sites region westerly to summit of Inner Coast Range. It is a hill country traversed by north and south ridges and contains Indian Valley and the northern part of Bear Valley. Their name for themselves.-CHM. For village see Choo-hel'-mem 'hlab'-be. See also Tet'-shel. Chuhelmen (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Choo-hel'-mem 'hlab'-be. Copean (now called Wintoon). Stock name (Henshaw and Mooney, Linguistic Families Indian Tribes north of Mexico, p. 1, 1885). See Copehan and Kopean. Cop-eh. Name introduced by Gibbs for tribe or band erroneously attributed to Putah Creek but ascertained by me to have been a large village in Capay Valley (Gibbs in Schoolcraft III, 421, vocabulary 428-434, 1853). Gibbs vocabulary agrees best with Copay Valley Ko-pa. See Ko-peh main list. (Buschmann, after Gibbs, Philologische und historische Abhand, K. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin fur 1859, 575, 1860). Written Copeh (Ibid. 574). See Ko-peh'. Copeh. Latham recognized the resemblance of the Ko-peh' Win to the Upper Sacramento Indians (Wintoon) (Latham, after Gibbs, Proc. Philolog. Soc. London, VI, 84, 1854; Opuscula, 313, 345-346, 1860). See Ko-peh'. (Bancroft, Native Races, III, 647, 1875; Gatschet, Ind. Languages Pacific States, Mag. Nat. Hist. I, 160, 1877; Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. I, 343, 1907; Barrett, quoting Gibbs, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 285, 1908). See Ko-peh'. 168 Copehan (now called Wintoon). Family name (Powell, Linguistic Families, 69, 1891; Handbook American Indians, Pt. I, p. 343, 1907; Barrett, after Powell, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 283, 1908). See also Copean. Cortena, "Cortinas or Wy-cows". The Indians that inhabit the country along Cortina Creek have always - even in 1850 - been called by the name of that stream, but Wy-cow is the proper name (Will S. Green, Hist. Colusa Co., San Francisco, 33, 1880). Lewis Publishing Co. gives "Cortinas" as having their headquarters in 1850 near the head of Cortina Creek, about 20 miles southwest of Colusa (Memorial and Biological Hist. of Northern Calif., 124, 1891). See Ko-te'-nah. Cortina band. (Rept. Commr. Ind. Affrs. for 1907, 93, 1907). See Ko-te-nah. De'-he'. 'Klet' win name for their principal village on north side Cortina Creek, Colusa Co., Calif. Name given me by resident of this village in 1903. Name means village - "the village" and is properly added to the distinctive name of each rancheria.-CHM. Dihila. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). See Dihi'laLabe. Dih'i'laLabe (De-he'-lah-'lah-be). Given by Barrett as name of (Win) village on northeast bank of Cache Creek about l2 miles nearly due north of Rumsey in Capay Valley; formerly located about half a mile farther up stream on same side of creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 290 and 295, 1908). Synonomy: Dihila (Kroeber 1925). E-de' hlab'-be (EdiLabe, Barrett). Choo-hel'-mem-sel' name for their village on Little Stony Creek. Told me by members of tribe.-CHM. Given by Barrett as on west bank Indian Creek about 3 miles south of junction with Little Stony Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). Synonomy: Edi'Labe (Barrett 1908); Edi (Kroeber 1925). Edi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). See E-de' 'hlab'-be. Edi'Labe (Barrett 1908). See E-del 'hlab'-be. Ehita. Given by Bancroft as rancheria of 900 inhabitants on a river in Sacramento Valley, visited by Arguello in 1821 (Bancroft, after Ordaz MS Diary, Hist. Calif., II, 446, 1885; W. Egbert Schenck, Aboriginal Groups of Calif., Delta region, Univ. Calif. Pubs., p. 130, Nov. 13, 1926). May have been Pooewin. 169 E-mel'-hlah-be (Ii'lLabe, Barrett). Given by Barrett as old (Win) village about a mile south of Guinda (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). Synonomy: Imil (Kroeber 1925). Ha'me (Hah'-me). Old (Klet win) village on west bank Cortina Creek about 4 mile south of old village of "Waika'i", which is at site of old ranch house of the "old" Brasfield place, now owned by R.B. Armstrong (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 296, 1908; Kroeber, Hame, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Hi'-nap'-po and Now'-wik. Upper Lake Pomo names for Chen'-po-sel of Long Valley.-CHM. 'Hlab'-be. See 'Klab'-be. Hle-lah'-de-he (LIlaldihi, Barrett). See 'Kle-lah'-de'-he. Hlet (Let, Barrett). See 'Klet. Hlo' 'hlab'-be. See Klo' 'klab'-be. Hoi'-ye-de'-he klab-be. Small Choo-hel'-mem-sel' rancheria on east side Little Stony Creek opposite Gilmore Peak and just north of Me-chah'-wis klab'-be. (Named from Hoi'-ye, knoll, and de'-he, village).-C-M. Ho'lo'kome. Old (Chen'-po-sel) village on north Fork Cache Creek about 21 miles above junction with Cache Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, Feb. 1908; Kroeber, Holokome, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Imi'lLabe (Barrett 1908). See E-mel'-hlah-be. Imil. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See E-mel' -hlah-be. Kab' -al-men. See Kah-ball-mem 'klabl -be. Kah-bal'-mem 'klab'-be (Kah-ball-mem-sel, Kab-al-men). Choo-hell- mem-sel' name for their old rancheria and band between Indian and Little Indian Creeks about 2 miles east-northeast of Cook Springs and 1 mile south (or south-southwest) of Henneky Ranch. Name means 'hollow water'.-CHm. When I visited this rancheria in 1903 the old ceremonial round house with its curiously painted posts was still standing (I photographed it). When there in 1907 no trace of it remained.-CHM. Synonomy: Kaba' lmem (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 292, 1908); Kah-bahl'-mem (Ko-roo pronunciation of name); Warr-sil (see main list). 170 Kah'-chil de-he. Ko'-roo rancheria on Sacramento River, 6 miles north of Colusa, on west side of river. Kah-pi' de'-he (Kah-pi'-ah de'-he). Southermost Ko'-roo rancheria which was at Sycamore. Kah-tet'-no-kah'-pah 'klab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village on northwest side of Big Indian Creek halfway between Pok'-ke 'klab-be and Po-koom' 'klab'-be. It is about 1l2 miles above Pok'-ke 'klab'-be, which is 4 mile above junction of Indian Creeks. Named from Kah-tVt' the 'Bullet Hawkl (Cooper Hawk, Accipiter cooperi) and Kahl-pah, trapped.- CHM. Kah'-wah-dis. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their small rancheria on Indian Creek (Cook Springs Creek) about a mile west- northwest of junction of Big and Little Indian Creeks about 2 miles from Ladoga.-CHM. Kah-wahn' mah-tin'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their small rancheria on Indian Creek 4 mile west of Old Ladoga (Me-doos). -CHM. Kai-nap-o. Koo'-lan nap'-po name for (Chen'-po-sel) band at lower end of Long Valley (Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., Pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, Lake Co., 36, 37, 1881). See Kl'-nap-po. KatcitiilLabe (Kah-chit-oo'-le-hlah-be). Old (Win) village about 4 miles southwest of Yolo (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 294, 1908). Probably belongs to Poo'ewin. Kedir. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Kedir'Labe. Kedi'rLabe (Ked-dir'-hlah-be). Old ('Klet-win) village on Cortina Creek at the ranch house of the Jean Vann ranch, now occupied by Joseph Mahhas about 4 mile south of "Tc5'tci" (Cho'-che) (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). Synonomy: Kedir (Kroeber 1925). Ke'-se (Ki' si, Barrett). Old (Win) village indefinitely located in Capay Valley about 2 miles a little north of west of the town of Tancred (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). Synonomy: Kisi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Khinapo. Yokiah name used for the tribe along Cache Creek (Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, Land of Sunshine, p. 444, Dec. 1901). Spelled Khainapo in reprint, 2nd ed., p. 9, 1902. See Ki'-nap-po. 171 Ki'mus (also spelled Caymus). Miyakma band at Yountville. Very near the border of the Napa territory, so included here for information. Their name for themselves is Moo'-te- ki ' -mus. -CHM. Ki'-nap-po.. Name used for Tebte-klabbe rancheria and for Chen'-po-sel tribe in Long Valley on Long Valley Creek and on Cache Creek by several Pomo tribes (Yoki'ah, Kulanapo, She'-kum and 'Ham'-fo). Name first published by Palmer in 1881.-CHM. Synonomy: Hi'-nap'-po and Now'-wik (Upper Lake Pomo name.-CHM); Kai-nap-po (Kulanapo name, Palmer 1881); Khainapo (Yokiah name, Purdy 1901); Khinapo (Yokiah name, Purdy 1902); Ki'-nap-po ('Ham'-fo name for Chenposel.-CHM); Xa'i-napo-bidame (Clear Lake Pomo name for Cache Creek, Barrett 1908). Ki'si (Barrett 1908), Kisi (Kroeber 1925). See Ke'-se. 'Klab'-be ('Hlab'-be). See Bud 'klab'-be. Klah-de-klaw. One of two large rancherias (the other being Taw-kok' -law) half a mile apart on flat expansion of Kortena Creek Valley where road to Indian village 'Klet'-sel turms off from ranch road. 'Kle-lah'-de'-he. 'Klet' win rancheria on Cortina Creek about 21 miles below and north of Wi'-kow.-CHM. Synonomy: Lila'dihi (Barrett 1908). 'Klet (Khlet', 'Hlet, Let, 'Klet' sel, 'Klet' win). Tribe and principal rancheria in Cortina Valley, Colusa County. 'Klet or 'Klet' sel is their name for themselves, and is used also by neighboring Win tribes. Territory of tribe extended north to include Williams and south to within a few miles of Rumsey, including valleys of Salt Creek, Spring Creek, Cortina Creek, and Sand Creek.-CHM. Rancheria of same name on north side Cortina Creek a couple of miles west of Smith Eakle's house. The word 'Klet is the name of the big gray Califormia ground squirrel (Citellus douglasi).-CHM. Barrett writes the village name "Let", which see. Synonomy: Cortinas (Green 1880; Lewis Pub. Co. 1891); Let (Barrett 1908, 1919); Num-min (Ko'-roo name for 'Klet' win.-CHM); Tet-shel (in part; 'Ham-fo name.-CHM); Wy-cow, Wy-cows (Green 1880; see "Cortinas or Wy-cows). 'Klo'-'klab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village at Oak Grove on Indian Creek about a mile-above Po-lkoom' hlab'- be, which is near Cook Springs, about 1* mile above Si-'hlo-me 'hlab'-be on same creek. Told me by members of tribe.-CHM. Named from Hlo, the Valley Oak (Quercus lobata). 172 Ko'-bah-sil. Choo-hel'OmemOsel name for "Cache Creek tribe"0 Probably from Rumsey south.-CHM. Ko'-lum-fo. Name used by 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake for Cache Creek tribe at Chenposel at south end Long Valley, at junction of Long Valley Creek with north Fork Cache Creek.-CHM. Ko-ool'-im-fo (Ko-oo'-lum'-fo). Name used by 'Ham'-fo of Lower Lake for tribe in Morgan Valley (Win).-CHM. Koo-lah' 'klab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village on Little Stony Creek, 5-1 miles southwest of junction with Indian Creek. Located on south side of big bend of Little Stony Creek, approximately 2-1 miles west-northwest of junction of Big and Little Stony Creeks.-CHM. Synonomy: KfUla'Labe (Barrett 1908; see main list); Kula (Kroeber 1925); Koo-nah'-we (see KuTa'wi); Ko-pe' (Powell 1877; see Ko-peh'); Ko-pa, Ko-pe, Co-peh. "Kopean or Wintun". Stock name used by Mason (Smithsonian Report for 1886, pt. 1, 206, 1889). Synonomy: Copean (Henshaw and Mooney 1885; see main list); Copehan (Powell 1891; Handbook 1907; Barrett 1908; and Kroeber 1925; see main list); Wintoon. Ko-peh. Name introduced by Gibbs in 1853 ('Cop-eh') for foothills tribe erroneously attributed to Putah Creek but recently ascertained to have been a village on Cache Creek in Capay Valley. Name adopted by various authors and used as stock name for the Wintoon by Henshaw and Mooney in 1885 (written Copean); by Mason in 1889 (written "Kopean or Wintun"); by Powell in 1891 (written Copehan). Name now generally replaced by Wintoon (or Wintun).-CHM. Synonomy: Cop-'eh (Gibbs 1853; Buschmann 1860); Copeh (Latham 1854; Bancroft 1875; Gatschet 1877; Handbook 1907; Barrett 1908); Ko-pe' (Powell, who changed spelling from Cop-'eh of Gibbs, in Powers, Tribes of Calif., 519, Vocabulary 521-529, 1877); Kope (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 355, 1925); Top-eh (Error for Cop-eh; Schoolcraft 1854). Ko-te'-nah. 'Klet' win village on Cortina Creek -- mile above Green's Ranch. Barrett states that 'Koti'na' was "named from a former captain or Chief, near the east bank of Cortina creek on wjhat is kmowvn as the 'old' Robert Williams place ... about a half a mile south of the house now occupied by Nr. A.L. Koessell. It is from this that Cortina Valley and the three Cortina Creeks take their name." Some members of the tribe tell me that Ko-te'-nah is a place name - not properly a tribal or subtribal name. The original name of the tribe was Ko-too'-CIHM. Synonomy: Cortena, "Cortinas or Wy-cows" (Green 1880); Cortinas (Lewis Pub. Co. 1891); Cortina Band (Report Commr. Ind0 173 Ko-te'-nah. Synonomy: Continued. Affrs. 1907); Kotina (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomr, 296-297, 1908); Kotina (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 355, map opp. p. 354, 1925); Let (Barrett 1908); Wy-cows (Green 1880; see Wi-kow). Ko'-roo. Ko'-roo name for their own tribe on Sacramento River (Colusa region). K5ti'na (Barrett 1908); Kotina (Kroeber 1925). See Ko-te'-nah. Ko-too'. See Ko-te'-nah. Kow'-Jklab'-be. Small Choo-hel'-mem-sel' rancheria on Grapevine Creek just east of Po-ne 'hlab'-be, hardly X mile distant. Named for Kow, the Elder tree.-CHM. Kula. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Koo-lah' 'klab'-be. Kfula'Labe (Koo-lah' hlah-be). (Choo-hel'-mem-sel) village on east bank Little Stony Creek, 5+ miles southwest of junction with Indian Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Koo-lah' 'klab'-be. Kuina'wi (Koo-nah-we). Old (Win) camp site in Capay Valley about 3 miles northwest of Tancred and 1 mile north-northwest of old village "KI's;" (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). Ku'ndihi (Koonl-de-he). Old Win village on north bank Putah Creek about 8 miles above Winters (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 294, 1908). Kundihi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map facing p. 354, 1925). Le-wi (Liwai, Barrett). Village at Winters in Poo-e-win territory, included here for information. Llla'dihi (Hle-lah'-de-he). Old ('Klet win) village given by Barrett as about 1 mile east of Klet (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908); Liladihi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See 'Kle-lah'-de'-he. Len'-mah-tin'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village over ridge about 1 mile east of Tahp'-kal'-li, which is about 2 miles north of Choo'-dah-kut, which is near Sites.-CHM. Lold'-la (or Lol'-sel). Tribe in Long Valley on Long Valley Creek, Lake Co. (Powers, Overland Monthly, Vol. 13, 543, Dec. 1874; also Tribes of Calif., 218, 219, 1877). See Lol'-sel. 174 Loldlas (or Lolsels). (Palmer's Hist. Lake and Napa Counties, p. 29, Lake Co., 1881). See Lol'-sel. Lol'-po-sel. See Lol'-sel. Lol'-sel (Lol'-po-sel). Band of Chen'-po-sel' reaching from middle or upper part of Long Valley (Garner Ranch) northerly to Bartlett Springs in Lake County. Indians regard them as separate 'tribe'.-CHM. Synonomy: Chish'-shah-fo' (See main list); Lold'-la (Powers 1874, 1877); Loldlas (Palmer 1881; see main list); Lol'-po-sel, Lolsel (Handbook Am. Indians, Pt. 1, p. 773, 1907); Lol'-sel or Lold'-la (Powers 1874, 1877; see Lold'-la Powers main list); Lolsels or Loldlas (Palmer 1881; see Loldlas, Palmer, main list); Lol-sel (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925); Lol'- set'-te (See main list). Now-wra-ke-nah (Palmer 1881; see main list); 01'-po-sel (Powers 1874, 1877); Olposels (Palmer 1881); Olposel (Kroeber 1925; see main list). Lol'-set'-te. Name used by Win at Kabalmen for Lol'-sel.-CHM. Lo'pa. Old (Win) village south of Cache Creek about 3 miles west of Rumsey (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908); Lopa (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Loo'-kus. 'Klet win rancheria in hills about 2 miles north of 'Klet. Not on Cortina Creek.-CHM. Me-chah'-wis 'klab-be. Big Choo-hel'-mem-sel village on east side Little Stony Creek, across from and a little southeast of Gilmore Peak and 2* or 3 (perhaps 4) miles southwest of Ladoga (just north of Little Stony Bridge).-CHM. Synonomy: Michawish (Kroeber 1925); Mitca'wicLabe (Barrett 1908). Me-doos' klab-be. Large Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria at Old Ladoga (on west side creek opposite old post office) about half or -4- mile north of present Lodoga Post-office (1923) at fork of road leading to Sites.-CHM. Synonomy: Micu'cLabe (Barrett 1908); Midush (Kroeber 1925). Michawish (Kroeber, Hdbook. Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Me-chah'-wis' klab'-be. MIdu'cLabe (Me-doosh'-hlah-be). Old (Choo-hel'-mem-sel) village on west bank Indian Creek opposite Ladoga P.O. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Me-doos' klab-be. Midush (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., Map opp. p. 354). See Me-doos' 'klab'-be. 175 Mitca'wicLabe (Me-chah'-wish-'Hlah-be). Old (Choo-hel'-mem-sel) village on east bank Little Stony Creek about 4 miles south- west of junction with Indian Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomro, 297, 1908). See Me-chah'-wis 'klab-be. Monmahla (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Mun-mah' 'klah. M-onma'La (M5on-mah'-hlah). (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). See Mun-mah' 'klah. Mon-maht-at-'lah. See Mun-mah' hlah. Moso'. Old (Win) rancheria in northern part of town of Capay (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 294, 1908). Synonomy: Moso (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Mun-mah' 'hlah (almost Mun-mot'-lah). 'Klet win village on Cortina Creek 5 or 6 miles below (northeast of) 'Klet a few rods north of Smith Eakle's house. Given me also as Mon-maht-at-lah by members of tribe in 1903. Named from junipers (Mon or Mun).-CHM. Synonomy: Monmahla (Kroeber 1925); Monma'La (Barrett 1908; see main list); Mon-maht- at-'lah. Mu-ful'-sah-ko, M'ful' sah-ko (Wormwood People). 'Ham-fo name for Berryessa Valley tribe.-CHM. See Napa. Nan'-noo-ta'-we. Name given me by old Indian of Napa Valley as proper name for Napa tribe. But name means simply "my language". Informant said the language was the same as that of the 'Klet win at Cortina; also that it was same as Wi'-kow and WPl-e'-lah.-CHM. See Napa. Napa. Win tribe at Napa City, reaching thence northerly in Napa Valley to about present Yountville and northeasterly over the mountains to or beyond Berryessa Valley and eastern part of Pope Valley. Tribe sometimes called Wi'-kow from former chief. Southern limit of tribe, Tuluca Creek, between Napa City and Tulucay (State Hospital) which creek was boundary between Napa and Poo'-e-wirn tribes.-CHM. Told me by an old Napa Indian who said the language is same as 'Klet win.-CHM. Synonomy: Mu-ful'-sah-ko, M'ful' sah-ko (Wormwood People; 'Ham-fo name for Berryessa Valley tribe); Napa (Given me as place name; Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925; Hittell, Hesperian (mag.) Vol. IV, No. 2, 55, 56, April 1860; San Francisco Weekly Bulletin, from Napa Reported, after J.S. Hittell, May 12, 1860; Taylor in Calif. Farmer, June 7, 1861, quoting Hittell; Franklin Tuthill states that the Napa tribe was nearly swept away by smallpox in 1838; Tuthill, History of Calif., 301, 1866; Given as rancheria by Bancroft, Nat. 176 Napa. Synonomy: Continued. Races, I, 453, 1874; dialect of Napa Valley, ibid III, 567, 650, 1875; Powers, Tribes Calif., III, 218, 1877; Spoken of as rancheria by Vallejo in 1836; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., III, 457, 1885; Powell, Linguistic Families, p. 136, 1891; name erroneously assigned to the Miyakma tribe; Carl Purdy, Pomo Indian Baskets and their Makers, 2d ed. 7, 1902; Barrett in Handbook Am. Inds., Pt. 2, 27, 1910; Given as name of doubtful Indian origin); Napa' (Given by Altimira in MS Diary, 1823, as plain or valley named for former Indian inhabitants; Bancroft, Hist. Calif., 498 ftnote, 1885); Napas (Bancroft, Native Races, I, 363, 451, 1874); Napa Indians (Menefee, Hist. Slcetch Napa, Sonoma, Lake and Mendocino, 19, 1873); Nan'-noo-ta'-we (See main list); Wi'-kow (See main list). Na'-wek, Na'wik. Given by Barrett as "Eastern Pomo" on Long Valley Creek, eastern Lake Co. (She'-kum of Clear Lake) name for Long Valley in vicinity of the Lolsels. This name he considers the source of Palmer's Now-wa-ke-nah (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 291, 1908). Nik'-me, Nik'-ma-hlab'-be. Ancient 'Klet-win rancheria a half a mile back of Venado (Mountain House); northern limit of tribe.-CHM. No'-min. Win name for people to the west (Westerners). See also Numr' -min. Now-wa-ke-nah. Given by Palmer as Kulanapo name for Lol'sels of Long Valley on Long Valley Creek, eastern Lake Co. (Palmer's History of Napa and Lake Counties, Calif., Pub. Slocum, Bowen and Co., San Francisco, Lake Co., pp. 36, 37, 1881). Given by Barrett (291, 1908) as same as Na'-wek or Na'wik. See Now'-wik (Merriam) and Na'wek (Barrett). Now'-wik and Hi'-nap'-po. Upper Lake Pomo names for Chenposel of Long Valley.-CHM. See also Na'wek. Synonomy: Na'wek, Na'wik (Barrett 1908); Now-wra-ke-nah (Palmer 1881). Num'-min. Ko-roo name (meaning 'west people') for tribes west of themselves, including 'Klet-win. Same name used by 'Kletwin for tribes west of themselves, including Clear Lake Pomo. See also No'-min.-CHM. Synonomy: No'-min (Form of name used by Win tribes for bands west of them- selves - 'Westerners'.-CHM). O1-dow'-wis. Old big rancheria in Indian Valley about a mile west of Little Indian Creek and 2 or 21 miles south of present Choo-hel'-mem-'klab'-be. This was the original Choo-hel'-mem 'klab'-be which later moved farther north. (Name means "turned over".)-CHM. 177 Ol'-po-sel. Given by Powers as name of tribe on upper Cache Creelk (Powiers, Overland Monthly, Vol. 13, 543, Dec. 1874; also Tribes of Calif., p. 219, 1877). Olposel is same as Lolsel of Long Valley. Powers got his information on this tribe second hand and did not know that his Olposels and Lolsels were the same. Neither did he know that North Fork Cache Creek traverses Long Valley east of Clear Lake.-CHM. See Lol-sel. Olposel. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925). See Lol-sel. Olposels. (Palmer, after Powers, Hist. Lake and Napa Counties, p. 29 of Lake Co., 1881). See Lol-sel. Oo'-lahk (U'lak, Barrett). Old (Choo-hel'-mem-sel) village about a mile northwest of extreme head Indian Creek, on Lovelady ranch (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908); Ulak (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Oo'-le. 'Klet win name for their old village on or near Cortina Creek about 3 miles below 'Kle-lah'-de-he and a little above Mum-mah' 'klah.-CHM. Synonomy: UliLabe (Barrett 1908; see main list); Uli (Kroeber 1925). Oo-le'-'hlab'-be (UYli'Labe, Barrett). Former ('Klet win) village just west of To'-e-de'-he 1 mile southwest of Smith Eakle's house, Cortina Valley (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). Pah'-kah 'hlab'-be. Former Choo-hel'-mem-sel' village at junction of Indian and Little Stony Creeks on low ridge in angle between creeks. Site now under water of new reservoir. Largest village of tribe.-CHM. Synonomy: Pa'kaLabe (Barrett 1908); Paka (Kroeber 1925); ?Paque (Sonoma Mission Books 1824-1837). Paka. (Kroeber, Handbook Ind. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Pah'-kah 'hlab'-be. Pa'kaLabe. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Pah'-kah 'hlab'-be. Pel'-lah cho'-we hlab'-be. Small group of Choo-hel'-mem sel' houses on knoll about 50 yards west of A'-de-he, to which it properly belongs.-CHM. Pok'-ke 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel' village on Big Indian Creek 1/8 or 4 mile above junction of Little Indian Creek. (Named from Pok'-ke, the fish trap.)-CHM. 178 Paque. Original records of San Francisco Solano Mission at Sonoma record one neophyte from the Paque tribe (Books of Mission San Francisco Solano, Original MSS, 1824-1837; Bancroft Library; Bancroft, after Solano Mission Books, Hist. Calif., II, 506 footnote, 1885). This may be same as Pah'-kah 'hlab'-be this list, or it may be Paka'htwe (Barrett 1908) an old Lekahtewut village. Po-koom' 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel village on Big Indian Creek about 1 mile below Cook Springs and 5 miles south- southwest of Lodoga. (Named from Po-koom', the Basket Willow, which also is the name of Indian Creek.)-CHM. Synonomy: Pikii'mLabe (Barrett 1908); Pukum (Kroeber 1925). Po-nra' 'klab'-be (or Po-ne' 'hlab'-be). Big Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria near old ceaetery at foot of Grapevine Grade and near County Well, 4 or 5 miles northwest of Sites. Northernmost rancheria. North of this are the Dah'-chin- chin'-ne who speak same language as at Grindstone and Paskenta. Name means 'burying ground'.-CHM. Poo-look'-nah mem. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village about 4 mile above Sis'-'klab'-be, which is about 3 miles above Koo-lah' 'klab'-be which is on Little Stony Creek, 5+- miles southwest of junction with Indian Creek. Named from Poo'look, the dove, and mem, water, meaning the place where doves come to water.-CHM. Pukum. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Po-koom' 'klab'-be. PikW'mLabe (Poo-koom' 'hlah-be). (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Po-koom' 'klab-be. Re'-ho. Given by Powers as "one name of tribe in Pope Valley, derived from a chief. Powers states also that they were called by the Patwin, Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel. (Probably an error. See Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel.) They early became extinct. As far back as 1842 there were only three living. The Spaniards carried away a great portion of the tribe to the Sonoma Mission about the year 1838, and within a few weeks of their arrival hundreds perished of the small-pox. Nothing is preserved of their language, and almost nothing of their customs" (Powers, Tribes Calif., 228, 1877). Three tribes, each belonging to a different linguistic stock, met in Pope Valley: The Yukean Miyahkma on the west and southwest; the Mewan Tuleyome on the northwest; the Wintoon Win or Ko-pe' on the east and south. Re'-ho may have been a nickname for a band of Win (Ko-pe').-CHM. See Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel. Synonomy: Re'-ho (Powers, Tribes Calif., 228, 1877); "Re-ho" (Barrett, quoting Powers, Ethno-Geog. Poro, 293, 1908); 179 Re'-ho. Synonomy: Continued. "Reho tribe' (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 273, 1925); Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel (Powers 1877; Barrett 1908; Handbook 1910); Tuluka (Handbook 1910). Sah'-kah hlab'-be. Small Choo-hel'-mem-sel' rancheria on south side Hypers Creek near junction with Little Stony Creek.- CHM. Se' -chah. Win name for their extinct rancheria a little north of Rumsey, at head of Capay Valley, near site of Bud'-hlab'-be. Was between Rumsey and present inhabited village called Ber-red'-de-he. (Told me by inhabitants of both villages.) -CHM. Synonomy: Sicha (Kroeber 1925); S;'tca (Barrett 1908). Shaipetel. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). See Shi'-pe-tel. Shi'-pet-tel (Ca'ipetel, Barrett). Old (Dahl'-chin-chin -ne) village given by Barrett as on west bank of Big Stony Creek near junction of Little Stony Creek. Site is on ranch of Joseph Mall (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 290, 1908). Synonomy: Shaipetel (Kroeber 1925). Shoo'-e-yah. See Soo'-yah. Shoo-koo'-e (or Soo-koo'-'klab'-be, SikEi). Name used by Chenposel and Choohelmemsel for old Chen'-po-sel rancheria in southern part of Bear Valley, Colusa Co., about 8 miles south of Leesville. Located by Barrett as near ranch house of Ingrhams Ranch (S?i-kii).-CHM. Synonomy: Sik&i' (Barrett 1908); Suku (Kroeber 1925). Show'-'hlah'-be de'-he 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria at Cook Springs.-CHM. Sicha. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Se'-chah. Si-klab'-by. Old Chenposel village in High Valley (between Long Valley and Lower Lake of Clear Lake). The boundary between Wintoon Chenposel and Pomo 'Ham-fo traversed High Valley lengthwise. -CHM. Si-'hlo-me 'hlab'-be. Small Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria on west side Big Indian Creek about 4 mile above Kah-tet'-no-kah'-paha' and 1 mile below Po-koom' 'hlab'-be. Named from Si a cere- monial dress, and 'hlo-me, put away, referring to the place where the ceremonial costumes were kept.-CHM. 180 Sis' 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel village on south side Little Stony Creek about a mile or more above Koo-lah' 'hlab'-be (at Ruby King mine, 1 mile south of Gilmore Rock). Named from Sis, the acorn sweetbread.-CHM. S;'tca (Se'-chah). Old (Win) village located by Barrett at east end of bridge across Cache Creek north of Rumsey (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). See Se'-chah. Soo-koo' 'klab'-be. See Shoo-koo'-e. Soo'-yah (Shoo'-e-yah, Soo'-yah-sil). Former Win rancheria at Guinda (just north). The 'Klet' win apply the name Soo'-yah sil to the Indians of this and neighboring villages in northern part Capay Valley.-CHM. See War'-sil. Sohole. Name used by Gen. Bidwell in 1844 for tribe between Sacramento and north or west Fork Stony Creek (Justus H. Rogers, Colusa Co. History, 53, 1891). Exact location unknown, may have been a river tribe. Gen. Bidwell states his route was up the east side of the Sacramento to forks of Stony Creek and down the west side. Sikii'. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). See Shoo-koo'-e. Suku. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Shoo-koo'-e. Tah-'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village at present (1923) New Ladoga place. Named for Tah, the creek Dogwood (Cornus glabrata).-CHM. Tahp'-kal'-li. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their rancheria in canyon a mile or more northwest of Choo'-dah-kut in Sites Valley. Named from Tahp, the Cottonwood tree.-CIM. Tah'-wi 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village at or near present reservoir dam, about 4 miles from Lodoga. -CHM. Tal'-lo. On Cache Creek, not sure whether rancheria name.-CHM. Ta'waisak (Tah'-wi-sahk). "Northern Pomo" name for old (Dah'-chin-chin'-ne) village given by Barrett as on east bank Little Stony Creek about 2 miles south of junction of Little and Big Stony Creeks (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, Feb. 1908; Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., p. 355, also map opp. p. 354, 1925). Taw-kok'-lah. One of two large raricherias half a mile apart on flat expansion of Kortena Creek Valley. 181 Tcime'nukme (Barrett 1908). See Che-man'-nuk-me. Tco'tcI (Barrett 1908). See Cho'-che. Tciuhelme'mLabe (Choo-hel-mem'-hlah-be). Given by Barrett as old village on west bank Indian Creek about 5+ miles south of junction with Little Stony Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Choo-hel'-mem 'hlab'-be. Teb'-te 'klab'-be. Chenposel name for their former principal rancheria at junction of Cache and Bear Creeks; southern limit of tribe.-CHM. Same name used for Chenposel rancheria at junction of Long Valley Creek with North Fork Cache Creek.-CHM. Given by Barrett as inhabited modern village at junction of Long Valley Creek with Bartlett Creek, but the stream he calls Bartlett Creek is North Fork .Cache Creek. He mentions an old village site of same name a few hundred yards down stream; and still another as near mouth of Bear Creek (p. 296); on another page (295) said to be about 3+ miles west-northwest of Rumsey.-CHM. See also Chen'-po-sel. Synonomy: Te'bti (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 291, 295, 296, 1908); Tebti (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925); Tobti (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). Tet'-shel (Tet'-sel). 'Ham'-fo Pomo name for 'Klet' win and Choo-hel'-mem-sel collectively. -CHM. Tobti (Kroeber 1925). See Tebte' klab-be. Toc-de. (18 Calif. Treaties, 1852; Senate reprint, 3, 33, 35, 1905). See Tok'-te. Tocde.( (Royce, 18th Ann. Rept. Bur. Eth. for 1896-1897, Pt. 2, p. 962, 1899, Publ. 1901). See Tok'-te. To'idihi (To'-e-de-he). Old ('Klet' win) village 4 mile south- southwest of Smith Eakle's house, which is on Cortina Creek, 5 or 6 miles below (northeast of) 'Klet (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). Synonomy: Toidihi (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). To-kok de-he. Large rancheria on flat expansion of Kortina Creek Valley. Tok'-te. Located by Barrett (written "To'ktl") as old Chentposel village near west bank North.Fork Cache Creek about 1+ miles below mouth of Long Valley Creek, nearly opposite "Cache Creek Ridge Rancheria" (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). Mentioned as "Toc-de"l, but not located, by U.S. Treaty Commissioners as tribe or band 182 Tok'-te. Continued. meeting them at Camp Colus (site of present Colusa), Sept. 9, 1851 (18 Calif. Treaties, 1852; Senate reprint, 3, 33, 35, 1905). Synonomy: Toc-de (18 Calif. Treaties 1852); Tocde (Royce 1901); TO'ktl (Barrett 1908); Tokti (Kroeber 1925); ?Dok-duk. To'ktI. (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). See Tok'-te. Tokti. (Kroeber, lIandbook Inds. Calif., map opp. p. 354, 1925). See Tok'-te. Too'-be. See Tu'bi. Toop' 'hlab'-be. Choo-hel'-mem-sel' name for their village about 5 miles northwest of Sites and west of Pot-bah. One informant told me that Top' 'klab'-be was not a rancheria, but a hill on which the people took refuge ages ago during the flood.-CHM. Synonomy: To'pLabe (Barrett 1908). Topa'idihi (To-pi'-de-he). Given by Barrett as village in Berryessa Valley (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 294, 1908). See To-pi'-de-sel. Topai-dihi. Given as place name (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925). See To-pi'-de-sel. To-pai'-di-sel. Given as tribe by Powers (Tribes of Calif., p. 219, 1877). See To-pi'-de-sel. Topaidisel. Given as tribe (Handbook Amer. Inds., after Powers, Pt. 2, 784, 1910). See To-pi'-de-sel. Topaidi-sel. Given as group name (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925). See To-pi'-de-sel. Top-'eh. Error for Cop-'eh, which see (Schoolcraft, IV, 369, 1854). To-pi'-de-sel. Given by Powers as (Win) band in Berryessa Valley. (To-pail-di-sel, Powers 1877). Provisionally located by Barrett (To palidiht) as village near Monticello on west bank Putah Creek. Word To-pah-i means village. Synonomy: Thpa'idihl (Barrett 1908); Topai-dini (Kroeber 1925); To-pai'-di-sel (Powers 1877); Topaidisel (Handbook 1910 after Powers; Given as tribe and erroneously located at Knights Landing); Topaidi-sel (Kroeber 1925). To'pLabe. Old (Choo-hel'-mem-sel') village located by Barrett as probably 5 miles north-northwest of Sites (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). See Toop' 'hlab'-be. 183 TMbi (Too-be). Old (Win) village near west end of Cache Creek bridge north of Rumsey (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 295, 1908). Tublo. (Win) village shown by Kroeber on west side Cache Creek 2 or 3 miles north of Rumsey (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). May be Ttu'bi (Barrett). Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel. Given by Powers as "Patwin" name for tribe fonmerly in Pope Valley, which he also calls Re'-ho from name of a chief (Powers, Tribes Calif., 228, 1877). The Handbook Am. Inds. quotes Powers but changes the form of the name of the alleged Pope Valley village from Tu-lo-kai'- di-sel to Tuluka, thus confusing the names as used by Powers and Barrett (Handbook Am. Inds., Pt. 2, p. 836, 1910). Barrett quotes Powers' Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel in connection with Tuluka, correctly locating Tuluka "near the Napa State Hospital about 2+ miles southeast of Napa City' - thus implying that he regarded Powers' reference of Tu-lo-kai'- di-sel to Pope Valley as erroneous (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 293, 1908). Powers probably mistook his informant as to the home of the tribe, which appears to have been the place called Tulukay, which is in Pooewin territory south- east of Napa. Thus, unless there were two villages called Tuluka or Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel, it was not in Pope Valley at all, but in the south end of Napa Valley at the place now known as the Asylum or State Hospital 21 miles southeast of Napa City.-CHM. See Re'-ho. Synonomy: Re'-ho (Powers 1877); "Re-ho" (Barrett 1908, quoting Powers); "Reho tribe" (Kroeber 1925); Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel (Powers 1877); Tu-lo-kail- di-sel (Barrett 1908, quoting Powers); Tu-lo-kai'-di-sel (Handbook 1910, after Powers); Tuluka (Handbook 1910). U'lak (Barrett 1908); Ulak (Kroeber 1925). See Oo'-lahk. Uli. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). See Oo'-le. UliLabe (Oo-le'-hlah-be). Old ('Klet win) village given by Barrett as just west of To'-e-de'-he and half mile southwest of Smith Eakle's house (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). See Oo'-le. Waika'ui (Wi-kah'-oo). Old ('Klet win) village given by Barrett as at rnach house of Old Brasfield place (now owned by Armstrong) near west bank Cortina Creek. These people said to have come from near Sites (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 296, 1908). See Wi'-kow. 184 Waikau. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., map pl. 34, opp. p. 354, 1925). See Wi'-ko-se. Wai'-ko-sel. Given by Powers as tribe in Cortina Valley (Powers, Tribes Calif., 219, 1877). See Wi'-ko-sel. Waikosel. (Handbook Am. Inds., after Powers, Pt. 2, p. 893, 1910). See Wi'-ko-sel. Waikosel. (Kroeber, Handbook Inds. Calif., 356, 1925). See We'-ko-sel. War-pun'-te. Chen'-po-sel name for old Ko-peh' rancheria in Morgan Valley, eastern Lake County.-CHM. Warr'-sil (War"-sel). 'Klet'-win word meaning South-people applied to band in Capay Valley, particularly the village Soo'-yah sil (from Soo'-yah, the name of Guida rancheria); also applied to Choo-hel'-mem-sel rancheria Kab'-al-men, 2 miles east of Cook Springs, Colusa Co. Not properly a village name.-CHM. Wes'-ken wen-mem. Name used by Grindstone people for Salt Creek. -CHM. We-lak'-sil. Old rancheria ground in Cortina Valley. See also Wi'-lak-sel. Wicosel. (Klet' win) tribe or band in Cortina Valley (Powers, Overland Monthly, Vol. 13, 543, Dec. 1874). See Wi'-kow. Wi-e'-lah (Wi-ye'-lah). Poo'ewin name for tribe at or near Younts ranch of which Ki'-mus (Caymus) and Wi'-kow (or Wil'-kow) were chiefs. Informant thought the tribe reached from near St. Helena to below Yountville, and stated that they were the same and spoke same language as the Ko-te'-nah Win or 'Klet' win. Another Indian, born on the Yount ranch, told me name of tribe or band is Nan'-oo-ta'-we (meaning "my talk") and also that they were same as Kotena Win (=Nappo). He gave also Wil'-kow, but I could not be certain whether this was name of band or chief. He stated further that the proper name of the rancheria and people about a mile above bridge and adobe house at Younts is Moo'-te-ki'- mus. -CHM. Wi-in. Term used by several tribes for tribe or tribes farther nother.-CHM. Wi'-ko-sel' (Wi'-kow). 'Klet win name for their village and band on Cortina Creek (village half a mile below Green's Ranch). Given by Barrett as at old Brasfield ranch "now (1908) owned by R.B. Armstrong". Name used by Palmer and others in tribal sense. A Napa Valley Indian told me many years 185 Wi'-ko-sel'. Continued. ago that a Win chief named Mem (water) was chief of the Wikow in Napa Valley, who were the same as the tribe at Napa City. He afterward moved to 'IKotena' (Cortina) where he died.-CHM. Synonomy: Waika'u (Barrett 1908); Waikau (Kroeber 1925; used as name of village); Wicosel (Powers 1874; used in tribal sense); Wai'-lko-sel (Powers 1877); Waikosel (Handbook 1910); Waikosel (Kroeber 1925; used in tribal sense); Wi-ko-sel (meaning 'north place'; former village in Cortina Valley); Wy-cow, Wycows or Cortinas (Green 1880; see Waika'u). Wi'-lak-sel (Wil'-lak). 'Klet'win village on Cortina Creek, still inhabited. This is the lower of the 2 rancherias and there is now only one house there.-CHM. Wil'-lak or Wil'-lahk means ground or place.-CHM. Powers gives name "Weelacksel" for tribe on lower Cache Creek. Win. Group name used by me as equivalent to Ko-pe', for tribes of foothill region on west side Sacramento Valley from Napa northeasterly to Stony Creek. Includes bands in Napa, Pope, Berryessa, Capay, Long and Cortina Valleys.-CHM. The word for People among all these tribes is Win. The tribe in Capay Valley (Rumsey region and south) call their tribe Win and insist that they have no other tribal name. -CHM. Wy-cow. "The Cortinas or Wycows". See Cortinas (Green) and see synonomy of Wi'-kow. Xa;i-nap5-b1dame (Hi'-nahpo-bedahme). Given by Barrett as "Eastern Pomo" (She'-kum) name for Cache Creek (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 292, 1908). Referred by Barrett to Kai- nap-o (Palmer). Yah'-koo-me. Old village on or close to boundary between Napa and Poo-e-win of Too-loo-kah (on ranch of Caritano Juarez). Said to speak same language as at Napa.-CHM. may have been Poo'-e-win. Ya-kut or Yu-kcut. Large 'Klet win village on Sand Creek 4 or 4+ miles west of Arbuckle. The Cortena 'Klet-sel tell me the Ya-kut-sel "talk same as us 'Klet".-CHM. Yo'-che. Name used by Klet'-sel Indians at Kortena for Rumsey Valley tribe. Yo'-doo-pah. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for their village on flat level ground in northern part of Bear Valley, 1/8 mile or less west of Leesville.-CHM. 186 Yow'-we 'klab'-be. Former village at W.ilbur Sulphur Springs. -CHI. Yuk-kut. See Ya-kut. 187 VILLAGES OF THE CHOO-HEL'-MEM-SEL TRIBE Unless othenvise stated, all wiere given me by members of tribe - mainly by Lewis James.-CHM. A'-de-he hlah'-be. On flat on wiest side of Big Indian Creek about 4 mile south of New Ladoga. Named from i, the Black Gnat.-CHM. Boi-yo'-me hlab'-be. Small rancheria about 4 mile north of East Park Dam just north of junction of Indian and Little Stony Creeks, and on east side of ridge east of river.-CHM. Choo'-dah-lkoot. About 1+ miles west of Sites (Jesse Berryessa, McGill and Andrew live there now, 1924).-CHM. Choo-hel'-mem hlab'-be. On Little Indian Creek in Indian Valley (on Henneky Ranch at forks of road where Cook Springs road joins Leesville road) about 8 or 10 miles south of Stony Ford. Principal town of tribe. (Named for Choo-hell, the sword grass.)-CHM. Synonomy: Tcuhelme'mLabe (Given as 5- miles above junction Indian and Little Stony Creeks; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). E-de' 'hlab'-be. Village on Little Stony Creek.-CHM. Synonomy: Edi'Labe (Given by Barrett as 3 miles south of junction of Indian and Little Stony Creeks; Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 297, 1908). Hlo' 'hlab-be. At Oak Grove on Indian Creek about 2 mile below Cook Springs and same distance above Po-koom' hlab'-be. (Named from Hlo, the Valley Oak, Quercus lobata.)-CHM. Hoi'-ye-de'-he hlab-be. Small rancheria on east side Little Stony Creek opposite Gilmore Peak and just north of M9-chah'-wis hlab'-be. (Named from Hoi'-ye, knoll, and de'-he, village.)-CHN. Kah-bahl'-mem hlab-be. Between Indian and Little Indian Creeks about 2 miles east-northeast of Cook Springs and 1 mile south (or south-south-west) of Henneky Ranch. Name means 'hollow water' (Jesse Berryessa and George Bill raised here). -CHR. Kah-tet' no k.ah'-pah hlab'-be. Small rancheria on northwest side of Big Indian Creek about halfway between Pok'-ke hlab'be and Po-koom' hlab'be. Named from Kah-tet', the 'Bullet Hawjk' (Cooper Hawvk, Accipiter cooperi) and Kah'-pah, trapped. -CIM. 188 Kah'-wah'-dis. Small rancheria on Indian Creek (Cook Springs Creek) about 1 mile west-northwest of junction of Big and Little Indian Creeks about 2 miles from Ladoga.-CHM. Kah-wvahn' mah-tin'-be. Small rancheria on Indian Creek 4 mile west of Old Ladoga (M4e-doos). (Named from Kah-wahn', the Nighthawk. )-CHM. Koo-lah' hlab'-be. On south side of Big Bend of Little Stony Creek approximately 21 miles west-northwest of junction of Big and Little Indian Creeks. Synonomy: Named from earth-covered swjeathouse.-CHM. Kuila'Labe (Barrett, Ethno- Geog. Pomo Inds., p. 297, 1908; given as village on east bank Little Stony Creek 5-1 miles southwest junction of Indian Creek). Kow'-lklab'-be. Small rancheria on Grapevine Creek just east of Po-ne klab-be (hardly X mile distant). Named from Kow, Elder.-CHM. Len'-mah tin'-be. Big rancheria about 2 miles northwest of Sites near county road. Over ridge about 1 mile east of Tahp'- kal '-li. -CHM. Me-chah'-wis hlab-be. Big village on east side Little Stony Creek, across from and a little southeast of Gilmore Pealc and 21 or 3 (perhaps 4) miles southwest of Ladoga (just north of Little Stony Bridge).-CHM. Synonomy: Mitca'wic- Labe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). Me-doos' hlab-be. Large rancheria at Old Ladoga, about half or -3- mile north of present Ladoga Post-office (1923) at forks of road leading to Sites.-CHM. Synonomy: M;'duic- Labe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). Ol-dow'-wis. Old big rancheria about a mile west of Little Indian Creek and 2 or 2+ miles south of present Choo-hel'-mem hlab'-be. This was the original Choo-hel'-mem hlab'-be, which moved north. (Name means 'turned over'.)-CHM. Oo'-lak. Given by Barrett as 1 mile northwest of head of Indian Creek (on Lovelady Ranch). Not kmown to my informant.-CHM. Pah'-kah hlab'-be. Fonmer village at junction of Indian and Little Stony Creeks on lowi ridge in angle between creeks. Site now under water of new reservoir. Largest village of tribe.-CHM. Synonomy: Pa'kaLabe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, 297, 1908). Pel'-lah cho'-we hlab'-be. Small group of houses on knoll about 50 yards west of A'-de-he, to which it properly belongs. -CHM. 189 Pok'-ke hlab'-be. On Indian Creek, 1/8 or 1/4 mile above junction of Little Indian Creek. (Named from Pok'-ke, the fish trap. )-CHM. Po-lkoom' hlab'-be. On Big Indian Creek about 1 mile below Cook Springs and 5 miles south-southwest of Ladoga. (Named from Po-koom', the Basket Willow, wvhich also is the name of Indian Creek.)-CHM. Synonomy: Ptknm'Labe (Barrett, Ethno-Geog. Pomo, p. 297, 1908). Po-na hlab'-be (or Po-ne hlab'-be). Big rancheria near old cemetery at foot of Grapevine Grade and near County Well, 4 or 5 miles northwest of Sites. Northernmost rancheria. North of this are the Dah'-chin-chin'-ne wjho speak same language as at Grindstone and Paskenta. (Name means 'burying ground').-CHM. Poo'-look'-no-mem klab'-be. Camp (not permanent rancheria) about 4 mile above Sis' hlab'-be. Named from Poo'-look, the Dove, and mem, water, meaning the place where Doves come to water.-CHEI. Sah'-kah hlab'-be. Small rancheria on south side of Hyphers Creek near junction with Little Stony Creek.-CHM. Show'-hlah'-be de'-he hlab'-be. Rancheria at Cook Springs.-CHM. Si-hlo-me hlab'-be. Small rancheria on west side Big Indian Creek about 4 mile above Kah-tgt'-no-kah'-pah' and -2 mile below Po-koom' hlab'-be. Named from Si a ceremonial dress, and hlo-me, put away, referring to the place where the ceremonial costumes were kept.-CHM. Sis' hlab'-be. On south side Little Stony Creek about a mile or more above Koo-lah' hlab'-be (at Ruby King mine, 1 mile south of Gilmore Rock). Named from Sis, the acorn sweet- bread.-CHM. Tah hlab'-be. Present (1923) Newl Ladoga place. Named for Tah, the creek Dogwood (Cornus glabrata).-CHM. Tahp'-kal'-li. Rancheria in canyon a mile or more northwest of Choo'-dah-kut in Sites Valley. Named from Tahp, the Cottonwqood tree. -CHM. Tah'-wi- 'hlab-be (Ta'waisak, Barrett). At or near present reservoir dam,, about 4 miles from Lodoga.-CHM. 190 Top hlab'-be or Toop' hlab'-be. Given by Barrett (TopLabe) as probably about 5 miles north-northwest of Sites. But my informant tells me that Top' hlab-be was not a rancheria; it is a hill on which the people took refuge ages ago during the flood.-CHM. Yo'-doo-pah. On flat level ground in northern part of Bear Valley, 1/8 mile or less wiest of Leesville.-CHM. 191 DAMH'-CHIN-CHIN'-NE TRIBE AND VILLAGES Dah'-chin-chin'-ne tribe. Tribe extending from Grindstone and Stony Creeks on the north, south to Briscoe Creek, west of the north course of Stony Creek and slightly beyond Funks Creek and nearly to Hunters Creek east of Stony Creek. Dah'-chin-chin'-ne rancheria was about 4 miles south of the town of Elk Creek and just above the new bridge. -CHM. Synonomy: Da'tcimtcini (Barrett 1908). Dow-wi'-in and Dow-wqi'-in-sel. Choo-hel'-mem-sel name for tribes north of themselves; applied to both Dah'-chin-chin'-ne and Grindstone Nom'-lak-ke. El'-toi. Name of the ancient Grindstone rancheria at junction of Grindstone and Stony creeks, on the north side. The present rancheria on same site is called Win'-ne-mem.-CHM. E'-o-fo-kah'. Sho-te'-ah (of Stony Ford). name for Grindstone Rancheria tribe.-CHM. 'Hlah'-lah mem. Choo-hel'-mem sel name (meaning 'rotten water') for village north of Grapevine Creek.-CHtI. Ka-en. Choo-hel'-mem sel name for village north of Grapevine Creek.-CHM. Kah'-choo pah'-kah. At old bridgeport (now Winelow) in the old orchard there. Kow?' 'hlab'be. Choo-hel'-mem sel name (meaning 'elderberry village') for village north of Grapevine Creek.-CHM. L51'-yal'-le. Three miles west of Fruto. Noi'-muk. Nom-lak-ke name for tribe on south side of Elk. Creek (here called Dah'-chin-chin'-ne). Not same as River tribe called Noemuk by Major Reading and Noema by H.B. Brosn, near Reading's Ranch at mouth of Cottonwvood.-CHM. No-mel'-mem sel. Choo-hel'-mem sel name (meaning 'west water tribe') for Grindstone tribe. The Choo-hel-mem sel also call the Grindstone tribe Dow'-wi'-in (meaning 'Northeast people').-CIiM. No'-men. Paskenta Nom-lak-ke name for Grindstone tribe,-CHM, Num'-ka-wis. Name used by Grindstone Indians as if it might be their tribal name, but I am not sure about this.-CHIM. 192 Poo'-e-muk. Sho-te'-ah (of Stony Ford) name for Fruto to Orlando tribe . -CIi. Poo'-e-sil. 'Klet win name for people east of Stony Ford region. -CHM. Pot-bah. Choo-hel'-mem sel name for rancheria north of Grapevine Creek and east of Toop' 'hlab'be (given by Barrett as about 5 miles north-northvest of Sites).-CHM. So-nan'-mulk. Nm--lak-ke name for band at Stony Butte on Stony Creelk about midway betjeen Orland and junction of Grind- stone and Stony Creelks. The Grindstone Rancheria people tell me that the So-n3n-muk extended east to Orland and Adobe House (a little north of Orland).-CHM. Tah'-wi-salk (Ta-waisak, Barrett). 'Pomo' name for village on east side Little Stony Creek about 2 miles south of junction with Big Stony (Barrett). Tarr' 'hlabbe. Choo-hel'-mem sel name (meaning 'willow village') for village north of Grapevine Creek.-CHMI. Tel-15k. Choo-hel'-mem sel name for tribe on Stony Creek at Elk Creek and Winslow. Called To-lo'-ke by the Grindstone Rancheria Indians and said to have followed Stony Creek as far as foothills go.-CHM. Synonomy: Tolo'kai (village at town of Elk Creek; Barrett 1908). To'ba. Given by Barrett as old village on Hanson Ranch at junction of Brisco and Stony Creeks. Tolo. Mention in Marysville Daily Appeal (June 21, 1862). M,Iay be same as To-lo-ke.-CHM. Tololkai. Given by Barrett (1908) as old village on site of town of Elk Creek. See Tel-lok. To-lo'-ke. See Tel-oll. Rancheria on Ellk Creek. Toop' 'hlab'be. Choo-hel'-mem sel name for village northwest of Sites and west of Pot-bah. Given by Barrett as about 5 miles north-nortlhwiest of Sites.-CII. Synonomy: T5'pLabe (Barrett 1908). WIin'-ne-mem. Ilam,ne of present Grindstone Rancheria. The ancient Grindstone Rancheria on same site was called El'-toi.-CI-1. Ji'-te'-iwe. Choo-hel'-mem sel name (meaning 'north tallk') for languaQe spolken by the U5m-lak-ke, the Grindstone Rancheria people and the Dahl' -chin-chin' -ne . -CII1. 193 BANDS AND VILLAGES OF NORTHERN WINTOON OR WINTOON PROPER Also several south of Northern Wintoon territory.-CHE. Bar'-ras cha-row. Old town on west side of Sacramento River at Coram. Named from Bar'-ras, "snail" and cha-row, 'flat' or 'valley'. On a high flat on the east side of the river opposite Bar'-ras was another village called Mun cha-row. -CHNI. Chahk'-bos. Village on east side McCloud River a little above present wagon bridge (2 mile above Baird Hotel but on opposite side). Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Chik'-kin'-klat. Village on west side MoCloud River just above Fish Hatchery. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-C114. Chil'-chil baw'-lus. Village near a fine spring at Portuguese Flat on west side of upper Sacramento River. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. Named from Chil-chil, the Junco 'snowbird', and baw'-lus, "to drink" .-CHM. Choo'-poos. Village on east side McCloud River nearly half a mile above Chik-kin'-klat. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Copean Family. Stock name (Mooney 1885). See Kopean. Copehan Family. Stock name (Pow?ell 1891; Handbook 1910). Cottonwqood tribe (Nor'bas). Band on Cottonwood Creek, Sacramento Valley (Col. G. Wright 1853). See Dawpum. Synonomy: Cottonwood Indians (Marysville Express 1858; Daily Alta Calif. 1852). Dah'-muk. N5omlakke (of Paskenta) name for tribe in Red Bluff region from lower Redbank Creek north to lowqer Cottonwood Creek.-CHM. Da'-pom-im-bos. Wintu name (in language of tribe on Trinity River near Lewiston) for related tribe in Paskenta region. -CHM. Dialect different from Trinity Wintu. Dawpum (Dowpum Wintoons or Valley Indians, Powers 1874; Dau'-pum Wintun, Powers 1877; Daupom Wintun, Handbook 1907; Waikemi "Yuki" name, Handbook 1907 from Kroeber MS 1903; Dauw). Tribe on and south of Cottonwood Creek. 194 Del'-lah-chah-mit (or Tel'-lah-chah'-mit). INo-des'-se name for Trinity County people west of Redding.-CHM. Dow '-pok-ke. Big village on east side McCloud River about opposite Baird Hotel. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. -CHMl. Dow,'-polk-1e-kan'. Village on west side McCloud River at Baird Hotel and just above it. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. -CHM. Dow'-win-k0ol. Large village at junction of McCloud and Pit Rivers. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHEM. Ek-pe'-me (E==-pe'-me). Mo-des'-se name for Wintoon.-CHM. El-kah'-te. Village in cove at mouth of Little Sugarloaf Creek on west side of upper Sacramento River. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. El-poo-'kloos-char-row. Village on low bench on east side of upper Sacramento River just north of mouth of Pit River (in angle at junction of 2 rivers). Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. -CHM. El'-te-pum (El-te-pum soos, El-te-pum Wintoo). Wintu and Nor'relmuk name for Wintu of Douglas-Weaverville region. (Niame means distant.) The McCloud River Wintoon include the El'-te-pum in their N.Jum'-soos.-CHFI. El-wah'-kut. Village on south side of Pit River at Windom Ferry nearly opposite Wi-el'-dow. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Hah'-too-ke'-wah (Hah'-to-kwe'-wah, Hah'-to-1wa'-wsah, Hah-too- kai'-hoo). Shaste and Konomeho name for Wintoon. Pronounced Hah'-too-kW'-hoo by the Konomeho.-CHIM. Ha'-wis-se-kahs'-te. Mo-des'-se name for Wintoon (Wintu) tribe on Trinity River.-CHI. Her'-rel-pah'-ke. Village on west side of upper Sacramento River just above mouth of Pit River at Southern Pacific Railway Station, 'Pitt'. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHI4. 'Het-tik cha-row. Village in bend of upper Sacramento River near Kennett (betwjeen Kennett and the Squaw Creek that enters Sacramento River from the west about a mile below Kennett). Home of Division Chief named Ahk'-bahs (from Ahk', 'bitter', and bahs, 'to eat').-CHMI, 195 H'hana. Given by Bartlett as name of tribe and erroneously placed by him on upper Sacramento River. Vocabulary obtained from servant at San Diego (Bartlett, personal narrative, 7-8, 1854). This vocabulary given as Pomo by Powell in Power's Tribes Calif. (p. 492, vocab. pp. 504-508, 1877). Khana is a Pomo name which seems to have been discriptively applied to the Pomo of Clear Lake (Hdbook. Am. Inds., 678, 1910). Kal'-lo-char' -ro. Ilame (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria on or near site of present village of Shasta.-CHM. Kah'-li-el' Wintoon. N3mlakkLe name for related band at Newville on Salt Creek.-CHM. Synonomy: Kala'iel (Barrett). Khatukeyu. (Kroeber MS 1905; Handbook 1910). See Hah-too-ki-hoo. Kashahara. Karok name for Wintu, Trinity River Wintoon (Handb6ok 1907 from Kroeber MS 1903). Ken-sah'-no cha-row. Former large and important village on flat of same name on McCloud River immediately below present Government Fish Hatchery at Baird. This was the capital town of the Wintoon.-CHM. Kinkla' (Klinklas and Klinkas, De Mofras 1844; Kinkla, Ringgold and Emmons 1845; Wilkes 1845; Kinkla', Hale 1846; Kinklas, Hartmann, map 1849; Kinkla and Klinka, Colvocoresses 1852; Kinglas, Dunas 1852; Kincla, Clinelas, S. Vallejo N/S 1875). Wintoon tribe in upper Sacramento Valley. Name is language of some Oregon tribe. Kibbe Indians. Captured in vicinity of Tehama and Colusa by Gen. Kibbe (San Francisco Weekly Herald, May 17 and June 7, 1860). Kol'-15. Name (in their own language) for large Wintu rancheria on Lowjden Ranch, south side Trinity River, about 3 miles west of Lewiston.-CHIM. Kool'-che-char'-roo. Name (in their owm language) for big Wintu rancheria on north side Trinity River at mouth of Oregon Gulch. This was their westernmost village.-CHM. Kopean or Wintun. Stock name (Mason 1889). Kumnom. Yuke name for Noi-mpk (Kroeber). McCloud. Name applied to Indians of McCloud River.. Synonomy: MacCloud (Mason 1902); McCloud's River Indians (Coloma Argus 1854). 196 Mag. (Major) Reading Wintoon, Reading Indians (Daily Alta Calif. 1852). Band on MjIajor Reading's ranch. Known as Fort Reading, between Red Blu-ff1- and Redding (on Cow Creek). Lokl'-lok de'-he. Patewin rancheria on wrest side Sacramento River a little north of Grimes. Mem'-wi'-lal.-kah. Nomlakke (of Paskenta) name for tribe on both sides of Sacramento River at Jellies Ferry, 10 miles north of Red Bluff.-CHM. Mi'-e-pahn-te. Village on south side of Pit River just above present concrete highwsay bridge below the mouth of McCloud River. Formerly rancherias on both sides of Pit River at this point. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Mof'-mas-son. Village on east side of upper Sacramento River opposite Tunnel 2, about 2 miles above Kennett. Behind the old village is a timbered mountain called Mof'-mas-son bul'-le. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Mountain Indians. Visiting Jelly's Ranch, upper Sacramento River (Red Bluff Semi-weekly Independent, Feb. 24, 1063. Mun'-char-row. Old village on east side of upper Sacramento River opposite present Coram station. The name means Poppy Flat, named for the California Poppy. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. On the west side of the river opposite Mun'-char-row was a village called- Bar'-ras cha-row. -CHM. Nawl'-te-bos. Nor'relmuk name for tribe west of Red Bluff (w7as Luckie's mistalke for this tribe).-CHM. Noemuc, Noi-ma, Noi-muk. Band meeting U.S. Treaty Comnissioner at Readings Ranch on Cottonwood Creek August 16, 1851. Synonomy: -Noe-ma (Brown 1852); Noemuc (Reading 1852); Noi-ma, Noe-ma, Noe-ma-noe-ma, Nloi-me and Noi-me-noi-me (California Treaties of 1852, 1905; according to 18 Calif. Treaties of 1852, 1905); Noi-ma, Noe-ma or Noe-ma-noe-ma., and Noi-me or Noi-me-noi-me (Were 3 separate bands); Noe-ma, Noi-ma, No-ma (Forms given by Miss Alice M. Reading in quoting MS copy of Treaty, which she regards as the original; Courier Free Press, Reading, Calif., Iay 6, 1927). Noi'-muk. Nromlakke name ior tribe on south side of Elk Creek (their big village of Dah'-chim-chin'-ne was above present, 1919, Elk Creek Post-office.-CHM. Compass name meaning "South People"). Not same as Noemuk of Major Redding and Noema of H.B. Brown near Redding's Ranch mouth of Cottonwood. 197 No-me (Lak-ke?). Band meeting U.S. Treaty Commissioner at Readings Ranch on Cottonwood Creek August 16, 1851. No-mel'-te-ke'-wis. Name used by Grindstone Indians for band which occupied the plain between Orland and Sacramento River. No-mil'-kol'-le. Name (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria on Wilson Ranch, south side Trinity River opposite Salt Flat (about 2 miles west of Lewiston).-CHM. Noobimucks. Tribe in mountains of Trinity County (Bancroft 1874). Probably Wintoon. Nor'-bos. Wintoon tribe on Cottonwood Creek (probably at or near mouth).-CHM. Norboss. Name used by Dowpm or Cotton'- wood Creek Wintoon for Wintoon tribes farther south ("South House, or Dwellers") (Stephen Powers, Overland Monthly, XII, 531, June 1874). Nor' -muk. Wintu name (in language of tribe on Trinity River near Lewiston) for related tribe beyond (south of) Anderson. -CHM. Can this be same as Noemuc and Noema of Major P.B. Redding and H.B. Brown? Norrelmocs. "On Hay Fork, as far down as Hyen Pum (High Hill, 25 miles west of Hay Fork) are the Normocs, or Norrelmocs" (Powers, Overland Monthly, XII, 531, June 1874). Nor'-rel-muk. Name (in their own language) for tribe at Hay Fork, Trinity Co. Same name applied to them by Wintu of Trinity River. -CHM. Num'-dahl-ker'-ril. Name (in their own language) for big Wintu rancheria on site of present town of French Gulch.-CHM. Num'-mok. Band on Ruin River, a branch of Cottonwood Creek (Powers 1874). Synonomy: Nummoc (Powers 1874); Num'-mok or Western People (Powers 1877); Nommuk (Powell 1891); Numiuk (Handbook 1907); Nummocks. Num'-shoos or Num-soos. Name applied by Wintoon of upper Sacramento, McCloud anQ lower Pit Rivers to Wintu on Trinity River at Salt Flat (near Lewiston) and up northerly on Trinity at least to Trinity Center.-CHM. Same name applied by Paskenta N5mlakke to Nor'-rel-muk of Hay Fork Valley.-CHM. Synonomy: Num'-su (Powers 1877). 01-Rl 'her-ril. Old camp high up on bluff on west side upper Sacramento River at or just above a red cut on the railroad just below Kennitt. Fine spring there. Name means 'high camping place'.-CHM. 198 Oy-lac-ca (Y-lac-ca). See Wi'-lak-ke. Paht-choo'-pa. Village about 1 mile above junction of Backbone Creek with upper Sacramento River, at point where old trail crosses the creek. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Pan'-na-wuk'-kut. Name (in their own language) for large Wintu village on upper part Reading Creek, far above Douglas City. -CHM. Pat-a-we (Powers 1877). See Patch-wi'. Patch'-koo-wi. Hyampom Chemare'ko name for Nor'relmk of Hay Fork Valley.-CHM. Patch-wi' (Pahtch'-wi'). Chimariko name for Wintoon (Sally Noble). -CHM. Synonomy: Pat'-a-we or Patch'-a-we (Powers 1877). Pel'-te ke'-wis. Grindstone people's name for the Poo'-e-muk.-CHM. Poo'-e-mem'. Wintoon or lower Pit River (Powers 1874).. Synonomy: Pooemin (Powers 1874); Pu-i-mim (Powers 1877); Puimem (Handbook 1910). Poo'-e-muk. Nom'lakke (of Paskenta) name for tribe at and about Tehama, with former big village on west bank Sacramento River immediately south of present Tehama. Said not to reach Red Bluff, others say did reach Red Bluff.-CHM. Given by Powers as occupying both sides Sacramento River, and on west side embracing lower parts of Elder and Thoms Creeks. Synonomy: Pooemocs (Powers, Overland Magazine, Vol. 12, p. 521, 1874); Pu'-i-mok (Powers, Tribes Calif., p. 230, 1877); Pwe-a-muck (Hist. Tehama Co., 1880). Pooesoos. Name used by Powers (1877) for "Mixed Race" in Squaw Valley and on extreme upper Sacramento. These people were called Wi'-bos by the lower McCloud Wintoon.-CHM. Synonomy: Pu'-i-su (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 1877); Pu-shuish (Powers, Tribes of Calif., 1877). Poo-e'-te kaw'-de. Village on Pit River about v mile below (west of) Wi-kan-'ker-rel, which was at Silverthorn Ferry at mouth of Squaw Creek. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. P3t-mus-sel. McGill (Choo-hel'-mem-sel) says Hunters Creek belonged to Pot-mus-sel who talked like the Paskenta. "Wi'-lak-ka" (=Nom' -lak-ke). 199 Sil-wi'-dal-ko-de. Village on east side McCloud River a little below a point opposite the entrance to the Fish Hatchery grounds. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. So-nan' -muk. Paskenta Nomlakke name for subtribe or band at Stony Butte on Stony Creek, about midway between Orland and junction of Grindstone with Stony Creek.-CHM. Soo'-yeh-choo'-pus. Name (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria at present Tower House on Clear Creek.-C-M. Sun'-tap'-pam. Name (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria at site of present road-house known as Whiskeytown (Schilling P.O.). -CH. Tel'-lah-chah'-mit (or Del'-lah-chah'-mit). Modes'se name for Trinity County people west of Redding.-CHM. Tien-tiens (Powers 1874), Ti-e.'n Ti-e'n (Powers 1877), Tientien (Handbook 1907). Band given by Powers as on Trinity River from Douglas City to Big Bar. May be Chemar'eko.-CHM. Wahl'-de-klab-bel-kol. Name (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria on site of Douglas City.-CHM. W1-'hsluk. Name (in their own language) for Wintu rancheria at Salt Flat, north side Trinity River, west of mouth of Rush Creek, and about 2 miles northwest of Lewiston.-CHM. Wen'-ne-mem- im-bos (Win-ne-mem; Win'-ni-mim; Winimen; =Middle River People). Wintu name (in language of tribe on Trinity River near Lewiston) for related tribe on McCloud River.- CHM. Wi'-bos. Name applied by Northern Wintoon of lower McCloud River to Indians of Upper McCloud and Upper Sacramento reaching north to Mt. Shasta. Also N-om'lakke (of Paskenta) name for Northern Wintoon (from Cottonwood Creek northerly).-CHM. Also Nor'relmuk name for McCloud and upper Sacramento Wintoon, whom they also call Wi'-soos.-CHM. Wi-dal'-bos. Nor'-rel-muk name for tribe on lower Clear Creek including Shilling (=Whiskeytown), Igo Ono. Wi'-e-kan-ker'-rel or Wi'-e-kan-ker'-ril. See Wi-kan'-ker-rel. Wi-e'-ker-ril. N&nlakke (of Paskenta) name for tribe or subtribe between Elder and Redbank Creeks on west side Sacramento River. -CHM. 200 Wil-el choo'-pus. Village at Dunsmuir on upper Sacramento River. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Wi-elId-w. Village on north side of Pit River at old wagon-road crossing called Windom Ferry. Told me by McCloud River Wintoon. -CHM. Wi'-in. Word for North People.-CHM. Wi-kan-'ker'-rel (Wi'-e-kAn-ker'-rel; Wi'-e-kZn-ker'-ril). McCloud and Trinity River Wintoon name for large village at Silverthorn Ferry on Pit River close to a big rock near the mouth of Squaw Creek south of Ydalpom (Indian name Wi-dal'-pom). Told me by McCloud and Trinity River Wintoon. The Trinity River Wintu pronounce the last syllable ril (Wi'-e-kan-ker'-ril).-CHM. One informant says it was on south side of Pit River, another that it was on both sides. Wi'-ken-mok. Band in Scott Mountains and on upper Trinity River attributed by Powers to Wintoon, but found by Dixon to be Shasta. Wi'-lak-ke. Name given by Wintoon of Red Bluff region to the Wintoon living north of them, referring more specifically to the McCloud and Trinity River Wintoon. Same name (pronounced Wi'-lak-kah) used by N-omlakke of Paskenta for all Wintoon north of Cottonwood Creek. Not to be confused with Athapaskan tribe in southern Humboldt Co. called by same name.-CHM. Synonomy: Wy-lac-ker (Reading and Brown 1852); Wylacker (Brown 1852); Uye Lackee (Geiger 1858); Uye-Lackes (Stoneman 1857); Wylak (Taylor 1860); Wi Lackee (Powers 1872 and 1874); Wai'-lak-ki (Powers 1877); Y-lac-ca and Ylacca (Royce 1899); Wailaki (Powell 1891); Oy-lac-ca and Y-lac-ca (18 Calif. Treaties of 1852, 1905); Wailaki (F.B. Washington 1909); Wi'-le-a-ka (N5mlake ne; Washington); Y-lac-ca and Oy-lac-ca (forms given by Miss Alice M. Reading in quoting MS copy, Treaty H of 18 Calif. Treaties of 1851-52, which she regards as the original; Courier Free Press, Reading, Calif., May 6, 1927). Win-ne-mims. Given by Powers in 1874 as name of Wintoon tribe in McCloud River (Powers, The Wintoon, Overland Monthly, Vol. XII, 531, June 1874). Wi'-m. Name (in their own language) for big Wintu rancheria at Trinity Center. The people called Num-soos by the McCloud River Wintoon.-CHM. Wi'-soos'. See Wi-boss. 201 Wi' -te nom-al. Large village high up against the mountain on upper Sacramento River below Delta (on present Farley place). Name means "north, west, and high".-CHM. Wontun (typog. error for Wintun). (Sacramento Bee, Jan. 27, 1927.) Y-lac-ca. See Wi'-lak-ke. Xa'tukwiwi (Dixon). See Hahl'-too-ke'-wah. 202 NOS'-SE OR YAH'-NAH TRIBE AND VILLAGES The Nos'-se and Yah'-nah are the same people. They occupied the foothills of the northern part of the Sierra, ranging from the eastern border of the Sacramento Valley near Tehama easterly to Round Mountain and Montgomery Creek, and south to beyond Battle Creek. The name Nos'-se is used in a tribal sense for themselves by those living on Round Mountain and Montgomery Creek. The name Yah'-nah (their word for people) has been applied to the bands on Deer and Mill Creeks, now living west of Mill Creek Meadows. Ah-tah'-me-kah'-me. Modesse name for Nos'-se east of Redding.-CHM. Antelope Indians. On Bear Creek "Tehama Co". (Probably southern Shasta Co.), next above Ash Creek.-CHM. Cow Creek Indians. (1"cLoud, Pitt River, Sacramento and Cow Creek Indians", San Francisco 'Daily Town Talk', April 23, 1856, from Shasta Courier). Cow Creek tribe. Tribe on Cow Creek, 15 miles from Ft. Reading (Col. Wright, 1853). Deer Creek Indians. (Rebellion Records 1897). It-te-pah'-tah-me e-kah. Modesse name for Round Mountain and Cow Creek N?os'se.-CHM. Kombo. Midoo name for N5-s'-se (Powers and Dixon). Mill Creek Indians. (Rebellion Records 1897). Noja. Stock name (Gatschet 1890). Nos'-se. Proper name of tribe; their name for themselves.-CHM. Synonomy: Noza (Fremont 1848; Taylor 1860); Nozah (Fremont 1848); Noser Indians (Marysville Weekly Express 1859); Nozahs (P.B. Reading, MS map 1852, map in my possession); Noser (Taylor 1860); Nosers (McIntosh 1870); Noces, Nozes (Powers 1874); No'-si, No'-zi (Powers 1877); Noja (Gatschet 1890); Noje (Powell 1885); Nosa (Powell 1888); Nozi (Powell 1891); Nosi, No-se, Noze. Oi-dim'-mah (from Oi-dah, north). Mitchopdo name for Yah'-nah.-CHM. Poo'-el-yu'-ke. Northern Wintoon word meaning "eastern enemy" applied by them to the Nos-se or Yahna.-CHM. 203 Poo'-shoos. Wintu name (in language of tribe on Trinity River near Lewiston) for tribe east of Redding.-CHM. Te'-mow'-we. Ah-tsoo-ka-e (of Hat Creek) name for N5s'-se.-CHM. Te'-si'-che. Modesse name for N5s'-se at Round Mountain.-CHM. Tiger Indians (Wells 1882; Waterman 1918), Tigres (Beale 1853), Tisaiqdji. Achomawe name for Nos'-se (Handbook., from Curtin MS vocab. 1889, 1910). Yah-he (Yahi). Southern tribe of stock, inhabiting Deer Creek and Mill Creek region (Waterman). Yah'-nah (Yana). Same as Nos'-se. But Yah'-nah is merely their word for people, while N5os'-se is their tribal name for themselves.-CHM. Yanan Family. Stock name (Powell 1891). Yu'-ke. Wintoon word meaning enemies, applied to the Shaste and Yah'-nah as wvell as to the tribe commonly called YuCe. Not in any sense a definite tribal name.-CHM. Synonomy: Ukees (east of Sacramento River between Upper Butte Creek and Antelope Creek; Daily Alta Calif., 1852). 204 NORTHERN M1WUK TERRITORY AND VILGES The territory of the Northern Mewuk begins on the Middle Fork of Cosumnes River and extends southerly to or a little beyond Calaveras Creek. Its eastern boundary runs southward from Grizzly Flat to a point a little swest of Big Trees, passing a few miles east of the present settlements of West Point and Railroad Flat. The easternmost settlement in the Mokelumne River region was Pek-ken'-soo, about 4 miles east of West Point. The mountain country claimed as hunting territory by the MIewuk extends only about ten miles east of the villages. Beyond this they say that the country belongs to the Washoo - whom they call He'-sa-tuk, meaning 'up east people' (from He'-sum, east). They call the Piute Koi'-yu-wak or Koi-aw'-we-ek, from their fondness for salt, Koi'-ah. The western boundary follows the lower border of the open forest of Digger pines and blue oaks from near Michigan Bar southerly, passing a little west of Forest Home to May (near Carbondale), and thence a little west of Ione, Buena Vista, Lancha Plana, and Comanche. The southern boundary is not so clearly defined, but lies a little south of a line drawn from San Andreas to Mountain Ranch (otherwise known as Eldorado) in Calaveras County. Following are the names and locations of some of the villages of the Northern MewLuk: Tam-moo-let-te-sa. Near Oleta. Omo. At Omo Ranch. No-mah. At Indian Diggings. Chik-ke'-me-ze. At Grizzly Flat. Kun-nu'-sah. At West Point (also called Mas'-sing wal-le mas-se). Pel-ken'-soo. 4 miles east of West Point. Ha-e'-nah. At Sandy Gulch, 2 miles south of West Point. Ha'-cha-nah. At Railroad Flat. Saw'-po-che. At Big Flat, 5 miles west of West Point. Witch-e-kol'-che. Near Rich Gulch (called Ahp-pan-tow'-wje-lah at West Point). Me-nas-su. 1 mile east of Molelumne Hill. 205 Ta-woo-muz-ze and Yu'-yut-to. On Goverrnent Reservation, 4 miles northeast of Jackson. Pol-li'-as-soo. At Scottsville, 1i miles south of Jaclkson. Yu-lo'-ne. At Sutter Creek (where town of Sutter Creek now is). Yu-le. At old Mill, 1 mile west of Plymouth. Chulc--ian'-ne-su. At Ione. U-poo'-san-ne. 1 mile south of Buena Vista. Hoo-tah'-zoo. About 1 mile west of San Andreas.