FRANKLIN FENENGA AND CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY William J. Wallace Franklin Fenenga's involvement in archaeology began early in life. Interested in relic hunting, he had a couple of years experience in fieldwork in the Middle West while still a high school student. As one of a group of high school students assembled to talk about potential careers, he spoke on archaeology be- fore a meeting of the National Educational Associa- tion. Present in the audience was Jeremiah B. Lillard, president of Sacramento Junior College. Anxious to build an archaeological program at the college, Lillard began a correspondence with Fenenga, urging him to come to Sacramento, which Fenenga eventually did. During his stay at Sacramento Junior College, Fenenga helped to direct archaeological crews in ex- cavating Indian mounds in the Sacramento Valley on Saturdays and Sundays. lt was here that he began a long and close friendship with Robert F. Heizer, who had also been recruited by Lillard. The end result of the archaeological work was the publication in 1939 of An Introduction to the Archaeology ofCentral Cali- fornia by Lillard, Heizer and Fenenga and published by the college's Department of Anthropology. This volume outlined the first clear-cut cultural sequence for the Sacramento Valley. In the same year, a sum- mary article "Archaeological Horizons in Central California" co-authored by Heizer and Fenenga ap- peared in American Anthropologist. Following several years at the junior college, Franklin Fenenga enrolled as an anthropology major at the University of California, Berkeley. At the uni- versity, he renewed his association with Heizer, who was now a member of the faculty. When the Smithsonian Institution extended its pro- gram of River Basin Surveys to the Far West, Fenenga was hired to survey four proposed reservoir areas- Pine Flat, Isabella and Success in the San Joaquin Valley; Coyote in Mendocino County. Brief reports on each of the investigations were prepared. With the founding of the University of Califomia Archaeological Survey, Fenenga was enlisted as the first archaeologist, a post he held for two years, 1948 to 1950. This was a busy and productive period for him. In addition to conducting surveys and excava- tions in central and northern Califomia, he prepared two useful guides-Methods ofRecording and Present Status ofKnowledge Concerning Petroglyphs in Cali- fornia and Methods ofSite Survey in California-both printed as UC Archaeological Survey Reports. Drawing upon information collected in the field during this period, Fenenga published "Artifacts from the Excavations of Sutter's Sawmill" (1947), "Sur- vey of Building Structures of the Sierran Gold Belt, 1848-70" (with R. F. Heizer, 1948) and "The Archae- ology of Slick Rock Village, Tulare County, Califor- nia" (1952). Additionally, he compiled reports on ar- chaeological resources of five proposed reservoir ar- eas, four in the San Joaquin Valley and one in Mendocino County. These papers did not appear in print. After a long absence from the state, Fenenga re- turned to California in 1965 to teach in the Depart- ment of Anthropology at California State University, Long Beach. There he developed an active archaeo- logical program and won the respect and admiration of students, not only as a teacher but also as a friend and confidant. A major research activity, carried out between 1969 and 1975, included five profitable field sessions at Hidden Reservoir in Madera County. Following his retirement from teaching in 1987, Fenenga remained active in the field of Califomia ar- chaeology as consultant, advisor and participant in various projects. Finding it hard to give up contacts with former students, he kept in close touch with many of them. In 1985, as recognition for his numerous contri- butions to the profession, Franklin Fenenga received the Society for California Archaeology 's Lifetime Achievement Award. FENENGA VOLUME References Cited Fenenga, Franklin 1947 Artifacts from Excavation of Sutter's Sawmill. California Historical Society Quarterly 26(2): 160-162. 1949a Methods of Recording and Present Status of Knowledge Concerning Petroglyphs in Cali- fornia. University of California Archaeological Sur- vey Reports 3. Berkeley. 1949b Methods forArchaeological Survey in California. University of California Archaeologi- cal Survey Report 5. Berkeley. 1952 The Archaeology of the Slick Rock Village, Tulare County, California. American Anti- quity 17(4): 339-347. Fenenga, Franklin, and Francis A. Riddell 1949 Excavation of Tommy Tucker Cave, Lassen County, Califomia. American Antiquity 14(3): 203-214. Heizer, Robert F., and Franklin Fenenga 1939 Archaeological Horizons in Central California. American Anthropologist 41(3): 378-399. 1948 Survey of Building Structures of the Sierran Gold Belt, 1848-70. Geologic Guidebook along Highway 49-Sierran Gold Belt: The Mother Lode Country, prepared under the supervision of O.P. Jenkins. California Division of Mines Bulletin 141: 91-164. San Francisco. Lillard, J. B., R. F. Heizer, and F. Fenenga 1939 An Introduction to the Archaeology of Central California. Sacramento Junior College, Department ofAnthropology Bulletin 2. Sacramento. Manuscripts Fenenga, Franklin 1947a Preliminary Appraisal of the Archaeo- logical Resources of the Pine Flat Reservoir, Fresno County, California. University of California Archaeo- logical Research Facility. Ms. 3. 1947b Preliminary Appraisal of the Archaeo- logical Resources of the Success Reservoir, Fresno County, California. University of California Archaeo- logical Research Facility. Ms. 12. 1947c Preliminary Survey of Archaeological Resources in the Isabella Reservoir, Kern County, Cali- fornia. University of California Archaeological Re- search Facility. Ms. 24. 1947d Preliminary Appraisal of Archaeologi- cal Resources of Coyote Valley Reservoir, Mendocino County, California. University of California Archaeo- logical Research Facility. Ms. 31. 1948 Appraisal of the Archaeological Re- sources of the Terminus Reservoir, Tulare County, Cali- fornia. Washington D.C. Pacific Coast Area, River Basin Surveys, Smithsonian Institution. 2